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<p>117.197.64.19: /* Alkene */</p> <hr /> <div>==Introduction==<br /> <br /> Functional groups are groups of atoms within a molecule that affect its function. Some basic ones are listed below.<br /> <br /> ==Hydroxyl Group==<br /> [[Image:Alcohol-(general)-skeletal.png|75px|thumb|right|Hydroxyl Group]]<br /> <br /> The hydroxyl group is formed by attaching a [[oxygen]] and a [[hydrogen]] atom to a molecule. Both the bond from the molecule to the oxygen and the bond from the oxygen to the hydrogen are single bonds; thus hydroxyl groups are usually denoted R-O-H. (where O is oxygen, H is hydrogen, and R is the molecule the hydroxyl group is attached to) <br /> <br /> An organic compound that contains a hydroxyl group is called an alcohol. <br /> <br /> Reactions of alcohols is covered in Section 4.2<br /> <br /> ==Carbonyl Group==<br /> [[Image:carbonyl-general.png|75px|thumb|right|Carbonyl group]]<br /> The Carbonyl group is formed by attaching a oxygen to a [[carbon]] by a [[double bond]], then attaching that same carbon atom to a molecule. A carbonyl group is denoted X-C=O<br /> <br /> ==Carboxyl Group==<br /> [[Image:Carboxylic-acid-skeletal.svg|thumb|80px|right|Carboxyl group]]<br /> The carboxyl group is formed by starting with a carbonyl group , then attaching a hydroxyl group to the same carbon atom in the carbonyl group. Finally, the carboxyl group is added to a molecule. Because carbon has four [[bonding sites]], and three of them are taken up by the hydrogen and oxygen, the bond from the carbon to the molecule is a single bond. A carboxyl group is denoted X-COH=O<br /> <br /> ==Alkane==<br /> <br /> Every organic structure is based on alkanes. They contain only carbon and hydrogen, which are only connected through single bonds (C-H or C-C). These bounds are quite stable, non-polar and therefore hydrophobic. <br /> <br /> You can differ between linear, branched and cyclic alkanes. <br /> <br /> -list of linear alkanes with names, structure and semistructure will follow<br /> <br /> Molecular Formula of Alkene is :C&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;2n+2&lt;/sub&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Alkyl==<br /> <br /> ==Aromatic==<br /> <br /> ==Haloalkane==<br /> <br /> ==Ether==<br /> <br /> ==Amine==<br /> <br /> ==Aldehyde==<br /> <br /> ==Ketone==<br /> <br /> ==Ester==<br /> <br /> ==Amide==<br /> <br /> ==Nitrile==</div>

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