Chemistry

2008-03-15T02:35:07Z

129.173.181.164: /* General */

<center><big>'''Welcome to the School of Chemistry!'''</big></center>

A school is a large organizational structure which can contain various departments and divisions. The departments and divisions should be listed in the departments and divisions section. The school should not contain any learning resources. The school can contain [[Portal:Learning Projects|projects]] for developing [[Portal:Learning Materials|learning resources]].

==Divisions and Departments==
Divisions and Departments of the School exist on pages in "topic" namespace. Start the name of departments with the "Topic:" prefix; departments reside in the [[Wikiversity:Namespaces|Topic: namespace]]. Departments and divisions link to learning materials and learning projects. Divisions can link subdivisions or to departments. For more information on schools, divisions and departments look at the [[Wikiversity:Naming_conventions|Naming Conventions]]. (See also: [[Topic:Chemistry/Import]] and [[Topic:Chemistry/Wikiresources]] <-- material imported from Wikibooks)

<div style="width:33.3%; float:left">
*[[Topic:Marine Chemistry|Department of Marine Chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Biochemistry|Department of Biochemistry]]
*[[Topic:Astrochemistry|Astrochemistry]]
*[[Topic:Atmospheric chemistry|Atmospheric chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Chemical Engineering|Chemical Engineering]]
*[[Topic:Chemo-informatics|Chemo-informatics]]
*[[Topic:Crystal Chemistry|Crystal Chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Electrochemistry|Electrochemistry]]
*[[Topic:Environmental chemistry|Environmental chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Flow chemistry|Flow chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Geochemistry|Geochemistry]]
*[[Topic:Green chemistry|Green chemistry]]
</div>

<div style="width:33.3%; float:left">
*[[Topic:History of chemistry|History of chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Heterogeneous Catalysis|Heterogeneous Catalysis]]
*[[Topic:Homogeneous Catalysis|Homogeneous Catalysis]]
*[[Topic:Materials science|Materials science]]
*[[Topic:Medicinal chemistry|Medicinal chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Molecular biology|Molecular biology]]
*[[Topic:Molecular genetics|Molecular genetics]]
*[[Topic:Nanotechnology|Nanotechnology]]
*[[Topic:Nuclear Chemistry|Nuclear chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Organic chemistry|Organic Chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Organometallic chemistry|Organometallic chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Petrochemistry|Petrochemistry]]
</div>

<div style="width:33.3%; float:left">
*[[Topic:Pharmacology|Pharmacology]]
*[[Topic:Photochemistry|Photochemistry]]
*[[Topic:Phytochemistry|Phytochemistry]]
*[[Topic:Polymer chemistry|Polymer chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Radiochemistry|Radiochemistry]]
*[[Topic:Solid-state chemistry|Solid-state chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Sonochemistry|Sonochemistry]]
*[[Topic:Supramolecular chemistry|Supramolecular chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Surface chemistry|Surface chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Immunochemistry|Immunochemistry]]
*[[Topic:Thermochemistry|Thermochemistry]]
</div>
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== History of Chemistry ==
*[[Basics of Chemistry]]
*[[Precursors of Chemistry (-1800)]]
*[[Early Chemistry (1800-1900)]]
*[[Recent Chemistry (1900-)]]
*[[Chemistry for the Hardknocks (1900-)]]

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== Branches of Chemistry ==

*[[Topic:Analytical chemistry|Analytical Chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Biochemistry|Biochemistry]]
*[[Topic:Inorganic chemistry|Inorganic Chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Organic chemistry|Organic Chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Physical chemistry|Physical Chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Quantum chemistry|Quantum chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Polymer chemistry|Polymer Chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Molecular chemistry|Molecular Chemistry]]
*[[Topic:Chemical engineering|Chemical Engineering]]
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== Basic Chemistry ==
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* [[Fundamentals of chemistry]]
*:Introduction to the Periodic Table and periodicity, stoichiometry, chemical states, equilibria, acid/bases, oxidation/reduction reaction, kinetics, bonding.
* [[Properties of matter]]
*:Stoichiometry, Ideal gas law, electronic structure, chemical reactivity, inorganic and organic compounds.
* [[Chemical Reactions]]
*:Liquids, solutions, principles of chemical equilibria, solubility, electrochemical processes, kinetics.
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*'''Concepts in Chemistry'''
**[[Matter and Measurements]]
**[[Atoms, Molecules, and Ions]]
**[[Formulas, Equations, and Reactions]]
**[[Mass relations in Chemistry and Stoichiometry]]

*'''Chemical Behavior'''
**[[Electronic Structure]]
**[[Ionic Bonding]]
**[[Covalent Bonding]]
**[[Thermochemistry]]
**[[Quantum Theory of the Atom]]

*'''States of Matter'''
**[[Gases and Gas Laws]]
**[[Solids]]
**[[Liquids]]
**[[Plasma]]
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*'''Reactions and Equilibrium'''
**[[Rates of Reaction - Kinetics]]
**[[Chemical Equilibrium]]
**[[Acid-base chemistry|Acids and Bases]]
**[[Acid-Base Equilibrium]]
**[[Solubility and Complex-Ion Equilibrium]]
**[[Thermodynamics and Equilibrium]]

*'''Other Essential Concepts in Chemistry'''
**[[Fundamental Electrochemistry]]
**[[Fundamental Nuclear Chemistry]]
**[[Fundamental Organic Chemistry]]
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== Miscellaneous ==
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=== General ===
*[[Formulae, Equations, and Reactions]]
*[[Talk:Wikiversity:Chemistry_Help | Wikiversity:Chemistry Help]]
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=== Inorganic chemistry ===
* [[Bonding and chemical structure]]
*:Symmetry elements in atoms, molecules, solids.
* [[Acid-base chemistry]]
* [[Reduction and oxidation reactions]]
*[[Organometallic Chemistry]]
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=== Organic chemistry ===
* [[Naming in organic chemistry]]

=== Physical chemistry ===
* [[Fundamentals of computational chemistry]]
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==Learning resources==
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===Wikipedia resources===
* [[w:Category:Chemistry_journals|Category:Chemistry journals]]
* [[w:List of organic reactions|List of organic reactions]]
* [[w:List of organic compounds|List of organic compounds]]
* [[w:List of inorganic compounds|List of inorganic compounds]]
* [[w:List of compounds|List of compounds]]
* [[w:List of alloys|List of alloys]]
* [[w:Inorganic compounds by element|Inorganic compounds by element]]
* [[w:List of minerals|List of minerals]]
* [[w:List of biomolecules|List of biomolecules]]
* [[w:List of basic chemistry topics|List of basic chemistry topics]]
* [[w:Table of standard reduction potentials for half-reactions important in biochemistry|Table of standard reduction potentials for half-reactions important in biochemistry]]
* [[w:List of phytochemicals and foods in which they are prominent|List of phytochemicals and foods in which they are prominent]]
* [[w:List of CAS numbers by chemical compound|List of CAS numbers by chemical compound]]
{{break}}
* [[w:List of chemistry topics|List of chemistry topics]]
* [[w:List of essential oils|List of essential oils]]
* [[w:List of basic biochemistry topics|List of basic biochemistry topics]]
* [[w:List of biochemistry topics|List of biochemistry topics]]
* [[w:Systematic name|Systematic name]]
=== Wikibooks ===
* [[b:IB_Chemistry|IB Chemistry]]
* [[b:Mathematics_for_chemistry|Mathematics for Chemistry]]
* [[b:General_Chemistry|General Chemistry]]
* [[b:Biochemistry|Biochemistry]]
* [[b:Inorganic_Chemistry|Inorganic Chemistry]]
* [[b:Organic_Chemistry|Organic Chemistry]]
* [[b:Chemical_synthesis|Chemical Synthesis]]
* [[b:Computational_chemistry|Computational Chemistry]]
* [[b:Crystallography|Crystallography]]
* [[b:Analytical_Forensic_Pharmacology|Analytical Forensic Pharmacology]]
{{colend}}

==Active participants==
The histories of Wikiversity pages indicate who the active participants are. If you are an active participant in this school, you can list your name here (this can help small schools grow and the participants communicate better; for large schools it is not needed).
* [[User:HappyCamper|HappyCamper]] 15:46, 27 August 2006 (UTC)
* [[User:Physchim62|Physchim62]] 13:42, 5 September 2006 (UTC)
* [[User:Mathboy965|Mathboy965]] 19:26, 23 September 2006 (UTC)
* [[User:MartinY|MartinY]] 17:03, 29 September 2006 (UTC)
* [[User:Blake|Blake]] 22:16, 1 October 2006 (UTC)
* [[User:Bduke|Bduke]] 23:13, 20 October 2006 (UTC)
* ...chuchupa99 - Colombia
* ±→§èßаĐǖψÊ←±
* Ferrous
* DanChemist - United Kingdom
* [[User:YK Times|YK Times]] 02:05, 17 June 2007 (UTC)
* [[User:Wikicollege creator DS07]]
* [[User:Teutonic Crusader]]
* [[User:Yiulamsunny|Yiulamsunny]](Sunny Y.L. Chan)--Hong Kong,China (UTC+8)

==School news==
* '''25 August 2006''' - School founded!!
* '''September 2006''' - Two journals started on the Academic Publishing Wiki [[http://academia.wikicities.com wiki]] which are relevant to Chemistry: ''Interpretations in the Physical and Computational Sciences'' [[http://academia.wikia.com/wiki/Interpretations_in_the_Physical_and_Computational_Sciences]] and ''Education in the Sciences'' [[http://academia.wikia.com/wiki/Education_in_the_Sciences]].

==Related news==
* '''April 18, 2007''' - [http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/04/070418091932.htm Researchers are studying converting carbon dioxide into fuel utilizing solar energy...]

==External links==
* [http://www.ucalgary.ca/chem/ Chemistry at U-Calgary]
* [http://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/groups/gshimizu/ A research group's website at University of Calgary]

[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}| ]]
[[Category:Wikiversity schools|Chemistry]]

[[de:Fachbereich Chemie]]
[[el:Τμήμα:Χημεία]]
[[es:Departamento de Química]]
[[fr:Faculté:Chimie]]
[[it:Corso:Ingegneria Chimica]]

Archive:Athena Parthenos

2006-09-03T16:55:03Z

129.173.208.216:

[[Image:RiddleAthena.jpg|thumb|The modern ''Athena Parthenos'' that stands in the replicated [[Parthenon]] in [[Centennial Park]] in [[Nashville]].|220px|right]]
'''''Athena Parthenos''''' is the title of a massive [[sculpture]] of the [[Greek mythology|Greek]] [[goddess]] [[Athena]] by [[Phidias]] that was housed in the [[Parthenon]] in [[Athens]]. It was considered the greatest achievement of Phidias, the most acclaimed sculptor of ancient Greece. Phidias began his work around [[447 BCE]], and it stood for approximately 700 years before it was destroyed by invaders.

It is also the title of a modern replica by [[Alan LeQuire]] housed at the [[Parthenon (Nashville)|Parthenon]] replica in [[Nashville]], [[Tennessee]].

== LeQuire's reconstruction ==
===Description===
Alan LeQuire, a Nashville native, was awarded the commission to produce the Parthenon's centerpiece. His work was modeled on descriptions given of the original statue that commanded the floor of the [[Parthenon]] in [[Athens]], [[Greece]], which was the masterpiece of Ancient Greece's most acclaimed sculptor. The modern version took eight years to complete, and was unveiled to the public on [[May 20]] [[1990]].

The modern version of ''Athena Parthenos'' is significant because of its scale and its attention to recreating the Phidias work. The statue adds an additional dimension of realism to the replicated Parthenon, whose interior east room (called the Naos) was merely a large empty hall prior to the statue's unveiling. The ruins of the original temple that stand atop the [[Acropolis]] give little idea of how the magnificent structure originally appeared in ancient Greece. Athena Parthenos gives visitors to Nashville's Parthenon the impression that they truly are inside an ancient place of worship.

The statue is a represtation of the virginal Greek goddess of wisdom, wearing a helmet and gown. Against the base in her left hand she holds an enormous shield (over 3 metres (11 feet) in diameter), behind which a [[Serpent (symbolism)|serpent]] rears its head. In her right hand, the goddess holds her constant companion [[nike (mythology)|Nike]], the Greek goddess of victory, who herself measures almost 2 metres (6 feet 4 inches) and weighs 180 kilos (400 pounds).

=== Production ===

''Athena Parthenos'' is made of a composite of [[gypsum]] cement and ground [[fiberglass]], The head of Athena was assembled over an [[aluminum]] [[armature]], and the lower part was made in [[steel]]. The four ten-inch H beams rest on a concrete structure that extends through the Parthenon floor and basement down to [[bedrock]], to support the incredible weight of the statue. LeQuire made each of the 180 cast gypsum panels used to create the statue light enough to be lifted by one person and attached to the steel armature.

=== Gilt and paint ===
[[Image:AthenaAlanpainting.jpg|thumb|Sculptor [[Alan LeQuire]] painting the detail of ''Athena Parthenos'' during the gilding phase.|170px|left]]

Painstaking research was performed by LeQuire and the Parthenon staff to ensure the accuracy of the statue's resemblance to the Phidias work. It stood in Nashville’s Parthenon as a plain, white statue for twelve years. In [[2002]], Parthenon volunteers [[gild]]ed Athena under the supervision of master gilder Lou Reed. The gilding project took less than four months and makes the modern statue appear that much more like the Phidias' Athena Parthenos would have appeared during its time.

The gold plates on the Athena statue in ancient times weighed approximately 1,500 pounds and were one-eighth to one-sixteenth of an inch thick. The 23.75-karat gold leaf on Nashville's Athena Parthenos weighs a total of 8.5 pounds and is three times thinner than tissue paper. The modern extravagance of gilding such a large statue pales in comparison to the lavish spending of the Greeks. In fact, one theory of the original's demise is that Athena Parthenos was decimated and looted to remove the gilding.

In addition to gilding, the project included painting the details of the statue's face, wardrobe and shield. LeQuire himself applied the paint.

== Facts and figures ==
* Nashville's Athena stands 41'10" tall, making her the largest piece of indoor sculpture in the Western World.
* The statue of Nike in Athena's right hand stands 6'4" tall.
* There are eleven snakes represented on Athena's breastplate, bracelets and belt.

==External links==
* [http://alanlequire.com/athena.html Alan LeQuire Page]
* [http://www.nashville.gov/parthenon/index.htm Nashville Parthenon Page]

[[Category:Sculptures]]
[[Category:Nashville, Tennessee]]
[[Category:1990 works]]

IdeaWazaWiki - User contributions [en]

Chemistry

Archive:Athena Parthenos