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Criticism of Buddhism

2008-09-05T11:28:59Z

211.28.38.27: /* Devotional practices */

{{buddhism}}

Buddhist denominations, nations and leaders have been criticized by the [[anti-religion|anti-religious]], by proponents of other religions and by practitioners of Buddhism itself.

==Devotional practices==
Most forms of Buddhism are [[nontheism|nontheistic]] or [[atheism|atheistic]].<ref>[http://www.religionfacts.com/buddhism/beliefs/atheism.htm Is Buddhism Atheistic?]</ref><ref>[http://www.vexen.co.uk/religion/buddhism_atheism.html Buddhism is Atheist]</ref><ref>[http://atheism.about.com/b/2005/11/28/buddhism-and-atheism.htm Buddhism and Atheism]</ref>

Australian Buddhist monastic [[Shravasti Dhammika]] has criticized [[Theravada]] for being superfluous - and sometimes damaging - in ritual and tradition,<ref>[http://www.buddhistische-gesellschaft-berlin.de/downloads/brokenbuddhanew.pdf Broken Buddha]</ref> while some forms of [[Mahayana]] such as [[Pure Land Buddhism]]<ref>[http://ccbs.ntu.edu.tw/FULLTEXT/JR-PHIL/hideo.htm Mahayana Buddhism and Japanese Thought] see p.220 section</ref> are theistic, and this form of Buddhism is [[Atheism#Rationale|criticized by atheists]]{{who?}}.

Conversely, "[[Antitheism#The_New_Atheism |New Atheism]]" proponent [[Richard Dawkins]] stated in his book ''[[The God Delusion]]'' that there is a case to be made for seeing Buddhism and [[Confucianism]] as ethical systems and philosophies rather than religions
<ref>{{cite book
| last = Dawkins
| first = Richard
| authorlink = Richard Dawkins
| title = [[The God Delusion]]
| publisher = [[Bantam Books]]
| location =
| date = 2006
| pages =
| doi =
| isbn = 0-618-68000-4}}
</ref>, whereas [[Sam Harris (author)|Sam Harris]], another prominent proponent of New Atheism,<ref>Dawkins, Harris, Hitchens and [[Daniel Dennett]] have been described as the "Four Horsemen" of the "[[Atheism|New Atheism]]". See [http://richarddawkins.net/article,2025,THE-FOUR-HORSEMEN,Discussions-With-Richard-Dawkins-Episode-1-RDFRS 'THE FOUR HORSEMEN,' Discussions with Richard Dawkins: Episode 1, RDFRS - RichardDawkins.net] and [http://daviddent.net/blog/2007/06/17/the-four-horsemen-of-the-new-atheism/ » Blog Archive » The Four Horsemen of the New Atheism]</ref> practices [[Buddhist meditation]]. Harris believes that the term “Buddhism” should be removed entirely, and that Buddhist meditation should leave the realm of religion and enter the realm of science.<ref>[http://www.samharris.org/media/killing_the_buddha.pdf Killing the Buddha] by Sam Harris</ref>

[[Adnan_Oktar|Harun Yahya]], an [[Islamic creationism|Islamic creationist]] has criticized Buddhism for being idolatrous, through producing films on Buddhism.<ref>[http://www.harunyahya.com/buddhism02.php Islam and Buddhism – Harun Yahyah]</ref>

However, the fact should not be forgotten that all religions teach people to be good, including Buddhism. Among the Buddhist monks and Buddhists claims there are monks who do not follow the pillars of Buddhism make other people misunderstand of the religion, and thus all the good parts of the religion are forgotten.

==Buddhist nations==

Sam Harris argues that the [[kamikaze]] attacks of WWII were inspired by Buddhism<ref>Harris, Sam (2004). ''[[The End of Faith]]'', ch. 7, "Experiments in Consciousness."</ref>,despite the fact that [[Shinto]] was the state religion in Japan at the time and certain restrictions were actually placed on Buddhism. Moreover, Buddhism taught not to end any living things' lifes.<ref>Buddhism [[Five Precepts]]</ref>, and the Japanese kamikaze only use religion as an excuse for invading; while foreigners understand the religion wrongly without correct acknowledgment.

The writer [[Michael Parenti]] has also criticized pre-Chinese [[Tibet]] for having theocratic and feudal elements <ref>[http://www.michaelparenti.org/Tibet.html Friendly Feudalism - The Tibet Myth]</ref>, despite the fact of unreached Buddhism and the misunderstand of the religion, and more serious feudal in Christianity, Islamic and Hinduism.

==Contemporary leaders==

Regarding the [[Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama|Dalai Lama]], [[Christopher Hitchens]] has been a vocal critic.<ref>{{cite book
| last = Hitchens
| first = Christopher
| authorlink = Christopher Hitchens
| title = [[God Is Not Great]]: How Religion Poisons Everything
| publisher = [[Twelve Books]], [[Hachette Book Group]]
| location =
| date = 2007
| pages = Chapter Fourteen: ''There Is No "Eastern" Solution''
| doi =
| isbn = 978-0-446-57980-3}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Criticism of religion}}

[[Category:Criticism of religion|Buddhism]]
[[Category:Anti-Buddhism]]

Anatomic P2P

2005-11-14T09:50:23Z

211.28.150.241:

{{Infobox_Software |
name = Anatomic P2P |
screenshot = [[Image:Anatomic.P2P.Screenshot.png | 220px]] |
caption = Anatomic P2P Screenshot on [[Xfce]] 4 |
developer = Kunkie |
latest_release_version = 0.1 RC1 |
latest_release_date = [[October 25]] [[2005]] |
operating_system = [[Cross-platform]] |
genre = [[peer to peer]] |
license = [[GNU General Public License]] |
website = [http://anatomic.berlios.de anatomic.berlios.de]|
}}

'''Anatomic P2P''' is a [[decentralized |decentralised]] [[peer-to-peer]] network based on the [[BitTorrent]] protocol. All [[software]] that forms a part of Anatomic P2P is licensed under the [[GNU General Public License]]. Anatomic P2P consists of various scripts and applications, including the '''tracker (or node) script''', '''supertracker (or supernode) script''', '''planter applicatons''' and the '''client'''. All the scripts are written in [[PHP]] but nevertheless would function in any other language. All the applications are written in [[Python programming language|Python]].

===File Distribution===
To distribute files on the network a user makes a '''torrent file''' as usual. This torrent file has to be planted on the network, which is the process of notifying the supernodes and nodes (by [[HTTP]]) that the file is going to be shared on the network. This can be done through a simple wizard. The Anatomic P2P network has backwards compatibility (dubbed 'hackwards compatibility'), which allows most other BitTorrent clients can use Anatomic P2P planted torrents.

===Client===

The client is written in Python and [[PyGTK]] and this means it can run on [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]], [[Linux]] or [[Mac OS X|Mac OS X (with X server)]]. The client was based on [[BitTornado]]. A [[deprecated]] [[command-line]] client is also available. The client supports torrents using a single tracker or torrents planted on the Anatomic P2P Network.

===Network===
The anatomic uses a series of data sharing [[Node_(networking)| nodes]] and supernodes (also known as supertrackers) to share files. Nodes on the Anatomic P2P network are modified '''BitTorrent trackers''' written in [[PHP]]. The supernodes contain an index of the torrents that are being shared on the nodes. The nodes are able to share user data in a process called '''peer-sharing'''. Therefore the network is decentralised since there is no central point in the network.

[[Category:BitTorrent clients]]

Precipitation (chemistry)

2005-11-07T06:52:59Z

211.28.152.231:

: "Precipitate" redirects here, for the [[Interpol (band)|Interpol]] [[Extended play|EP]] see [[Precipitate (EP)]]

'''Precipitation''' is the condensation of a [[solid]] from a [[solution]] during a [[chemical reaction]]. This occurs when the solution is [[supersaturated]] (this includes the obvious case that an [[solubility|insoluble]] compound is present). In this situation, the solid forms from the solute phase, and usually sinks to the bottom of the solution (though it will float if less dense than the solvent).

This effect is useful in many industrial and scientific applications whereby a chemical reaction may produce a solid that can be collected from the solution by various methods (e.g. filtration, decanting, centrifuging). Precipitation from a [[solid solution]] is also a useful way to [[precipitation strengthening|strengthen]] [[alloy]]s.

An important stage of the precipitation process is the onset of [[nucleation]]. The creation of a hypothetical solid particle includes the formation of an interface, which requires some energy based on the relative [[surface energy]] of the solid and the solution. If this energy is not available, and no suitable nucleation surface is available, [[supersaturation]] occurs.

==Cation sensitivity==
Precipitate formation is useful in detecting the type of [[cation]] in an unknown [[salt]]. To do this, an [[alkali]] first reacts with the unknown salt to produce a precipitate which is the hydroxide of the unknown salt.

To identify the cation, the colour of the precipitate and its solubility in excess are noted.

Similar processes are often used to separate chemically similar elements, such as the [[rare earth]] metals.

==External links==
* http://www.hci.edu.sg/~limth/lessons/2002/qa/cations.htm
[[Category:Chemical processes]]

[[de:Fällungsreaktion]]
[[es:Precipitado]]
[[ja:%E6%B2%88%E6%AE%BF]]
[[nl:Neerslag (scheikunde)]]
[[zh:沉淀]]

Precipitation (chemistry)

2005-11-07T06:52:44Z

211.28.152.231:

EVERYONE IS GAY!!! :)

: "Precipitate" redirects here, for the [[Interpol (band)|Interpol]] [[Extended play|EP]] see [[Precipitate (EP)]]

'''Precipitation''' is the condensation of a [[solid]] from a [[solution]] during a [[chemical reaction]]. This occurs when the solution is [[supersaturated]] (this includes the obvious case that an [[solubility|insoluble]] compound is present). In this situation, the solid forms from the solute phase, and usually sinks to the bottom of the solution (though it will float if less dense than the solvent).

This effect is useful in many industrial and scientific applications whereby a chemical reaction may produce a solid that can be collected from the solution by various methods (e.g. filtration, decanting, centrifuging). Precipitation from a [[solid solution]] is also a useful way to [[precipitation strengthening|strengthen]] [[alloy]]s.

An important stage of the precipitation process is the onset of [[nucleation]]. The creation of a hypothetical solid particle includes the formation of an interface, which requires some energy based on the relative [[surface energy]] of the solid and the solution. If this energy is not available, and no suitable nucleation surface is available, [[supersaturation]] occurs.

==Cation sensitivity==
Precipitate formation is useful in detecting the type of [[cation]] in an unknown [[salt]]. To do this, an [[alkali]] first reacts with the unknown salt to produce a precipitate which is the hydroxide of the unknown salt.

To identify the cation, the colour of the precipitate and its solubility in excess are noted.

Similar processes are often used to separate chemically similar elements, such as the [[rare earth]] metals.

==External links==
* http://www.hci.edu.sg/~limth/lessons/2002/qa/cations.htm
[[Category:Chemical processes]]

[[de:Fällungsreaktion]]
[[es:Precipitado]]
[[ja:%E6%B2%88%E6%AE%BF]]
[[nl:Neerslag (scheikunde)]]
[[zh:沉淀]]