Rope pump

2012-01-31T01:51:17Z

213.105.49.77:

A '''rope pump''' is a kind of [[pump]] where a loose hanging rope is lowered down into a [[Water well|well]] and drawn up through a long pipe with the bottom immersed in water. On the rope, round disks or knots matching the diameter of the pipe are attached which pull the water to the surface.

==Description==
[[Image:demo rope pump in apeldoorn.jpg|thumb|Rigid valve rope pump]]
A rope pump is a kind of [[pump]] of which the main or most visible component is a continuous piece of rope, in which the rope is integral in raising water from a [[Water well|well]]. Rope pumps are often used in [[Developing country|developing areas]] with the most form consisting of a [[Polyvinyl chloride|PVC]] [[Plastic pressure pipe systems|pipe]] and a rope with flexible or rigid valves. Rope pumps are cheap to build and easy to maintain. One design of rope pump using a solar-powered rope pump can pump 3,000 litres per day using a 80 watt [[solar panel]] .<ref name=SolarAid/> Rope pumps can be powered by low speed petrol/diesel/engines, electricity,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.daenvis.org/ropepump9.htm|title=Moto Rope pumps|accessdate=2009-04-10}}</ref> human energy,<ref name=thefarm>{{cite web|url=http://www.thefarm.org/charities/i4at/lib2/ropepump.htm|title=Bicycle Rope Pump|accessdate=2009-04-10}}</ref> wind<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gamos.demon.co.uk/just%20gamos%20homepage/henkfnl2.htm|title=THE ROPE WIND PUMP|accessdate=2009-04-10}}</ref> and from solar.<ref name=SolarAid>{{cite web|url=http://www.solar-aid.org/project_water_pump/|title=Solar powered water pump|publisher=Solar Aid|accessdate=2009-04-10}}</ref>

==History==
Chain or washer pumps were used by the [[China|Chinese]] over 1000 years ago<ref name=Ropepumphistory>{{cite web|url=http://www.ropepump.com/his/his.htm|title=history|publisher=Ropepump.com|accessdate=2009-04-10}} Rope pump history including 16th century image of the Chinese chain pump</ref>. In the 1980s Reinder van Tijen an inventor and grass roots activist, with the support of the ''Royal Tropical Institute'' of [[Amsterdam]], created and began instructing various communities around the world how to make a rope pump from simple available parts using PVC pipes and plastic moldings. He began at [[Burkina Faso]] in Africa, continued to [[Tunisia]], [[Thailand]] and [[Gambia]] among others<ref>[http://crossroadsmag.eu/2008/06/demotech/ The man outside the box] On Van Tijen at Crossroads magazine website. The site includes some clear images of the invention and how it works.</ref>. In [[Nicaragua]], the technology was rapidly disseminated over the whole country and 25% of the rural population in Nicaragua now use rope pumps. It is also used in other parts of Central America with over 25,000 pumps installed to date<ref name=Ropepumphistory/>. In Africa the rope pump is now being used with solar energy.<ref name=SolarAid/>
By the end of 2009 more than 4 million people in 20 countries worldwide were using rope pumps for domestic and irrigation water.

== Construction ==
Rope pumps can be made with flexible or rigid valves on the rope, for causing the water to be pulled up, or no valves at all, simply relying on the water clinging to the rope to be pulled up quickly.

=== Flexible valve rope pumps ===
Flexible valves can be made from cut pieces of bicycle wheel tubing. The valves are positioned approximately 20 cm apart on the rope. One disadvantage of flexible valve rope pumps is that they must be appropriately sized and thickness for different types, sizes and length of pipes<ref>http://www.scn.org/cmp/modules/wat-ro.htm</ref>.

=== Rigid valve rope pump ===
Rigid valves using plastic or metal [[Washer (mechanical)|washers]] that fit tightly into the PVC pipe as the rope is dragged through can also be used. If the fit is tight, the washers can be spaced up to half a meter apart. For deeper wells, a thinner pipe can be used. These rope pumps often work with a hand crank<ref>http://web.archive.org/web/20091026235138/http://www.geocities.com/ResearchTriangle/System/7014/rope.html</ref>

Valves can also be made from knots in the rope itself.<ref>[[Appropedia:Rope pump knots]]</ref>

=== Valveless rope pumps ===
Valveless pumps rely on friction with water clinging to the rope, which is moved at high speed, often using a bicycle to produce the required speed. It is a less efficient design but is simpler to construct than the other rope pumps<ref name="thefarm"/>.

== Intellectual Property ==
Rope pump technology is in the public domain and there are no patents pending on it.<ref name=Ropepumphistory/>

==See also==
* [[Chain pump]]
* [[Wind pump]]

==References==

{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.ropepumps.org rope pump site]
* [[appropedia:Rope pump|Rope pump]]
* [http://www.amazon.com/dp/1853390224 Robert Lambdon's book]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rope Pump}}
[[Category:Pumps]]

[[nl:Touwpomp]]

Instance dungeon

2006-01-15T00:19:15Z

213.105.106.114:

In ''[[MMORPG]]''s, an '''instance dungeon''' is a special area, typically a [[Dungeon (games)|dungeon]], that generates a new copy, or instance, for each group that enters the area. This ensures that there will never be competition ([[kill stealing]], [[spawn camping]]) over [[mob (computer gaming)|mobs]] within the instance and that [[player character]]s receive a minimum of [[lag]]. Instance dungeons may contain stronger than usual mobs and sought-after equipment.

Games that have been known to use instancing include ''[[EverQuest]]'', ''[[Anarchy Online]]'', ''[[City of Heroes]]'' and ''[[Guild Wars]]''. The latter uses instancing extensively to help make the product free of monthly fees.

''[[World of Warcraft]]'' and ''[[Dark Age of Camelot]]'' also use this for Dungeons, but do not or only partly generate it randomly.

The use of instancing is a hotly debated topic among the MMORPG industry. [[Brad McQuaid]] wrote an article on the topic that can be found here: [http://www.gamergod.com/article.php?article_id=2933 Brad McQuaid on Instancing].

''[[EVE Online]]'' uses no instancing (apart from socalled deadspace missions, which are instanced for the player) and only one game server. The highest number of players that have concurrently logged into EVE Online recently reached '''22,020''' on January 2nd, 2006 at 20:44. This is the current world record for highest number of players connected to a single game server without the use of instancing.
CCP should consider scrapping this system, though, as EvE has become utterly unplayable due to the number of macro users that are ignored because they provide income to CCP via subscription. The lag throughout EvE has forced the Developers to try and migrate players into less safe and ergo less populated areas of space so that the load on their hardware can be more balanced. This is instead of actually upgrading the hardware as is desperately needed.

Currently ''[[World of Warcraft]]'' has the largest player base. According to rough calculations servers become full at 2,400 players. After which a log-in queue is utilized, barring players from joining the server until others have left.

{{rpg-cvg-stub}}

[[Category:Computer and video game gameplay]]
[[Category:Massively multiplayer online role-playing games]]

IdeaWazaWiki - User contributions [en]

Rope pump

Instance dungeon