Introduction to Finnish

2008-08-14T11:37:41Z

213.143.18.224: /* Verbs */ Highlighting personal endings in negative

==Numbers==

1 Yksi, 2 Kaksi, 3 Kolme, 4 Neljä, 5 Viisi, 6 Kuusi, 7 Seitsemän, 8 Kahdeksan, 9 Yhdeksän, 10 Kymmenen

Numbers after 10 are composed in the following way:

11-19 use the suffix '''toista''' (similar to '-teen' in English but without exceptions, such as 'twelve' would be).

20, 30, 40 etc use the suffix '''kymmentä''', again with no exceptions.

''Examples:''

11 Yksi'''toista''',
15 Viisi'''toista''',
20 Kaksi'''kymmentä''',
50 Viisi'''kymmentä'''

Numbers such as 25 are composed of 20 and 5, "kaksikymmentäviisi".

100 Sata.

1000 Tuhat.

The suffix for hundreds is '''sataa''' and for thousands it is '''tuhatta'''.

''Examples:''

200 Kaksi'''sataa''',
500 Viisi'''sataa''',
2000 Kaksi'''tuhatta''',
5000 Viisi'''tuhatta'''

250 Kaksisataaviisikymmentä,
150 Sataviisikymmentä,
1003 Tuhatkolme,
5003 Viisituhattakolme,
5035 Viisituhattakolmekymmentäviisi

==Pronouns==

'''Personal pronouns'''

{| border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=5
| Minä (I)
|-
| Sinä (You)
|-
| Hän (He/She)
|-
| Se (It)
|-
| Me (We)
|-
| Te (You,pl.)
|-
| He (They)
|}

==Verbs==

{| border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=5
| '''Olla (to be)'''
|
|-
| (Minä) olen (I am)
| (Me) olemme (We are)
|-
| (Sinä) olet (You are)
| (Te) olette (You are)
|-
| Hän on (He/She is)
| He ovat (They are)
|}
[[Category:Language]]

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td class="xl22" colspan="2" width="103">'''To be''' </td>
<td class="xl22" width="64"></td>
<td class="xl22" width="35"></td>
<td class="xl22" width="64"></td>
<td class="xl22" width="64"></td>
<td class="xl22" width="82"></td>
<td class="xl22" width="64"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" class="xl22">'''Affirmative''' </td>
<td class="xl22"></td>
<td colspan="2" class="xl22">'''Negative''' </td>
<td class="xl22"></td>
<td class="xl22">'''Question''' </td>
<td class="xl22"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>minä </td>
<td>ole'''n''' </td>
<td></td>
<td>minä </td>
<td class="xl22">e'''n''' ole </td>
<td></td>
<td>ole'''n'''ko </td>
<td>minä </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>sinä </td>
<td>ole'''t''' </td>
<td></td>
<td>sinä </td>
<td class="xl22">e'''t''' ole </td>
<td></td>
<td>ole'''t'''ko </td>
<td>sinä </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hän </td>
<td>on </td>
<td></td>
<td>hän </td>
<td class="xl22">ei ole </td>
<td></td>
<td>onko </td>
<td>hän </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>me </td>
<td>ole'''mme''' </td>
<td></td>
<td>me </td>
<td class="xl22" colspan="2">e'''mme''' ole </td>
<td>ole'''mme'''ko </td>
<td>me </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>te </td>
<td>ole'''tte''' </td>
<td></td>
<td>te </td>
<td class="xl22">e'''tte''' ole </td>
<td></td>
<td>ole'''tte'''ko </td>
<td>te </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>he </td>
<td>o'''vat''' </td>
<td></td>
<td>he </td>
<td class="xl22">ei'''vät''' ole </td>
<td></td>
<td>o'''vat'''ko </td>
<td>he </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="xl22" colspan="2">'''To speak''' </td>
<td class="xl22">puhua </td>
<td class="xl22"></td>
<td class="xl22"></td>
<td class="xl22"></td>
<td class="xl22"></td>
<td class="xl22"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>minä </td>
<td>puhun </td>
<td></td>
<td>minä </td>
<td class="xl22">en puhu </td>
<td></td>
<td>puhunko </td>
<td>minä </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>sinä </td>
<td>puhut </td>
<td></td>
<td>sinä </td>
<td class="xl22">et puhu </td>
<td></td>
<td>puhutko </td>
<td>sinä </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hän </td>
<td>puhuu </td>
<td></td>
<td>hän </td>
<td class="xl22">ei puhu </td>
<td></td>
<td>puhuuko </td>
<td>hän </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>me </td>
<td colspan="2">puhumme </td>
<td>me </td>
<td class="xl22" colspan="2">emme puhu </td>
<td>puhummeko </td>
<td>me </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>te </td>
<td>puhutte </td>
<td></td>
<td>te </td>
<td class="xl22">ette puhu </td>
<td></td>
<td>puhutteko </td>
<td>te </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>he </td>
<td>puhuvat </td>
<td></td>
<td>he </td>
<td class="xl22" colspan="2">eivät puhu </td>
<td class="xl23">puhuvatko </td>
<td>he </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="xl22" colspan="2">'''To write''' </td>
<td class="xl22">kirjoittaa </td>
<td class="xl22"></td>
<td class="xl22"></td>
<td class="xl22"></td>
<td class="xl22"></td>
<td class="xl22"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>minä </td>
<td>kirjoitan </td>
<td></td>
<td>minä </td>
<td class="xl22">en kirjoita </td>
<td></td>
<td>kirjoitanko </td>
<td>minä </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>sinä </td>
<td>kirjoitat </td>
<td></td>
<td>sinä </td>
<td class="xl22">et kirjoita </td>
<td></td>
<td>kirjoitatko </td>
<td>sinä </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hän </td>
<td>kirjoittaa </td>
<td></td>
<td>hän </td>
<td class="xl22">ei kirjoita </td>
<td></td>
<td>kirjoittaako </td>
<td>hän </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>me </td>
<td colspan="2">kirjoitamme </td>
<td>me </td>
<td class="xl22" colspan="2">emme kirjoita </td>
<td>kirjoitammeko </td>
<td>me </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>te </td>
<td>kirjoitatte </td>
<td></td>
<td>te </td>
<td class="xl22" colspan="2">ette kirjoita </td>
<td>kirjoitatteko </td>
<td>te </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>he </td>
<td colspan="2">kirjoittavat </td>
<td>he </td>
<td class="xl22" colspan="2">eivät kirjoita </td>
<td>kirjoittavatko </td>
<td>he </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">'''To read''' </td>
<td>lukea </td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>minä </td>
<td>luen </td>
<td></td>
<td>minä </td>
<td class="xl22">en lue </td>
<td></td>
<td>luenko </td>
<td>minä </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>sinä </td>
<td>luet </td>
<td></td>
<td>sinä </td>
<td class="xl22">et lue </td>
<td></td>
<td>luetko </td>
<td>sinä </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hän </td>
<td>lukee </td>
<td></td>
<td>hän </td>
<td class="xl22">ei lue </td>
<td></td>
<td>lukeeko </td>
<td>hän </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>me </td>
<td>luemme </td>
<td></td>
<td>me </td>
<td class="xl22" colspan="2">emme lue </td>
<td>luemmeko </td>
<td>me </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>te </td>
<td>luette </td>
<td></td>
<td>te </td>
<td class="xl22">ette lue </td>
<td></td>
<td>luetteko </td>
<td>te </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>he </td>
<td>lukevat </td>
<td></td>
<td>he </td>
<td class="xl22">eivät lue </td>
<td></td>
<td>lukevatko </td>
<td>he </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table>

== Introduce Yourself ==

<table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td>Minun nimeni on (your name).</td>
<td>My name is (your name).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minä olen (your name/occupation/other).</td>
<td>I am (your name/occupation/other). </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minä olen suomalainen.</td>
<td>I am Finnish/a Finn.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minä olen skotlantilainen.</td>
<td>I am Scottish/a Scott. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minä olen espanjalainen.</td>
<td>I am Spanish. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kuka sinä olet?</td>
<td>Who are you? </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Mikä sinun nimesi on?</td>
<td>What is your name? </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>nimi</td>
<td>name</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>maa</td>
<td>country</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>kieli</td>
<td>language (lower case) </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minun nimeni on (your name).</td>
<td>My name is (your name). </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minä olen suomalainen.</td>
<td>I am Finnish/a Finn. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minä puhun suomea. </td>
<td>I speak Finnish. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minä olen (your name).</td>
<td>My name is (your name). </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minä olen skotlantilainen.</td>
<td>I am Scottish/a Scott. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minä puhun englantia.</td>
<td>I speak English. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Puhutko sinä suomea?</td>
<td>Do you speak Finnish? </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Puhutko sinä englantia? </td>
<td>Do you speak English?</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>(Kyllä,) Puhun.</td>
<td>Yes, I speak.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>En puhu.</td>
<td>No, I don't speak. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>vähän</td>
<td>a little </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>en vielä</td>
<td>not yet </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>en paljoa</td>
<td>not a lot </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minä olen saksalainen.</td>
<td>I am German. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minä puhun saksaa.</td>
<td>I speak German. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Mistä maasta olet kotoisin?</td>
<td>What country are you from? </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minä olen Skotlannista</td>
<td>I am from Scotland. </td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>  </p>

==Pronouns==

'''Alphabet and pronunciation(not complete)'''

{| border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=5
| A like A in a word ''a c'''a'''r''
|-
| B like in English
|-
| C like in English
|-
| D like in English
|-
| E like in ''an '''e'''lk''
|-
| F like in English
|-
| G like in English
|-
| H like in English
|-
| I like in ''an '''i'''ntroduction''
|-
| J like y in '''''y'''ou''
|-
| K like in '''''c'''ome'' without the h-sound
|-
| L like in English
|-
| M like in English
|-
| N like in English
|-
| O like in '''''O'''scar''
|-
| P like in English
|-
| Q like in English
|-
| R harder than in English (watch http://youtube.com/watch?v=_zZUwRHFsE0&feature=related and listen to a word ''perkele''
|-
| S like in English
|-
| T like in English
|-
| U like in ''t'''o'''''
|-
| V like in English
|-
| W like in English
|-
| X like in English
|-
| Y like English ''wh'''o''
|-
| Z like in English
|-
| Å like O in Finnish
|-
| Ä like in ''c'''a'''t''
|-
| Ö like in ''c'''ou'''ld''
|-

[[Category:Finnish]]
[[Category:Introductions]]

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Introduction to Finnish