https://ideawaza.com/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=24.131.239.100IdeaWazaWiki - User contributions [en]2026-09-30T10:56:44ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.46.0https://ideawaza.com/index.php?title=EKG_Analysis&diff=44481EKG Analysis2008-04-25T03:44:02Z<p>24.131.239.100: /* Calibration */</p>
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<div>==Calibration==<br />
*paper speed is normally 25mm/second<br />
**therefore each 1mm box in the x axis = 0.04sec<br />
*a 1mV test pulse is normally over 10 mm<br />
**therefore each 1mm box in the y axis = 0.1 mV<br />
<br />
==Rhythm==<br />
*P wave upright in I, II, AVF<br />
*PR interval > 0.12<br />
*P wave for every QRS<br />
<br />
==Rate==<br />
*300,150,100,75, 60, 50 rule<br />
*If rythm is not normal count the number of QRS complexes in 25 big boxes (5 seconds) and multiply by 12<br />
*tachycardia >100bpm<br />
*bradycardia <60bpm<br />
<br />
==Axis==<br />
*QRS upright in I and aVF<br />
*If not upright in aVF look @ II<br />
**If upright then axis is normal<br />
**If not then there is left axis deviation<br />
<br />
==Intervals==<br />
*PR 0.12-0.20 (3-5 squares)<br />
*QRS < 0.10 (2.5 square)<br />
*QT <0.44 (11 squares)<br />
<br />
==Atrial enlargement==<br />
*Right atrium - lead II - p wave wave's initial component is enlarged, taller 2.5mm<br />
*Left atrium - Lead V1 - p wave downward deflection of terminal component<br />
<br />
==Ventricular hypertrophy==<br />
*Right ventrical - tall R waves in V1 and V2, deep S in V6<br />
*Left ventrical - tall R wave in V6, deep S in V1, plus one of <br />
**R in V5/6 > 26mm<br />
**S in V1 or 2 + R in V5 or V6 > 35 mm<br />
**R+S in any chest lead > 45mm<br />
<br />
**R in aVL > 11mm<br />
**R in I > 15mm<br />
<br />
==Bundle Branch Blocks==<br />
note: normally depolarization of the ventricular septum is stimulated by a branch of the left bundle<br />
<br />
incomplete block: QRS 0.10-0.12 (2.5-3 squares)<br />
complete block: QRS > 0.12 (3)<br />
<br />
===RBBB=== <br />
*R' in V1<br />
*S in V6<br />
<br />
===LBBB=== <br />
*absent normal R in V1 and Q in V6 (initial depolarization directed to LV)<br />
*terminal R' in V6 and downward deflection in V1<br />
<br />
===LAFB===<br />
*Q wave in I, aVL<br />
*initial R wave in II, III, aVF<br />
<br />
===LPFB===<br />
*Q in II, III, aVF<br />
*initial R wave in I, aVL<br />
<br />
==Q waves==<br />
*may be normal in V6 and aVL<br />
*pathologic > 0.04, depth >25% QRS height<br />
<br />
Inferior: II, III, aVF RCA<br />
Anteroseptal: V1-V2 LAD<br />
Anteroapical: V3-V4 LAD (distal)<br />
Aterolateral: V5-V6, I, aVL CFx<br />
Posterior: V1-V2 (tall R, no Q) RCA<br />
<br />
<br />
==MI==<br />
*ST elevation - returns to baseline in days<br />
*T wave inversion - weeks to months<br />
*Q wave - persists<br />
*if ST remains elevated - fibrotic scar (ventricular anurysm) developed<br />
<br />
==Pericarditis==<br />
*diffuse ST elevation<br />
*PR depression<br />
<br />
==Hyperkalemia== <br />
*tall "peaked" T waves<br />
*flat p<br />
*wide QRS<br />
<br />
==Hypokalemia==<br />
*U wave<br />
*ST depression<br />
*flat T<br />
<br />
==Hypercalcemia==<br />
*decreased QT interval<br />
<br />
==Hypocalcemia==<br />
*increased QT interval<br />
<br />
==Other OSCE modules==<br />
{{OSCE2}}<br />
[[Category:OSCE]]<br />
[[Category:Medicine]]</div>24.131.239.100