IdeaWazaWiki - User contributions [en]

Vankleek Hill Collegiate Institute

2007-06-04T22:59:26Z

67.71.83.37: /* See also */

{{Infobox Education in Canada
|name=Vankleek Hill Collegiate Institute
|image=vcilogo.gif
|imagesize=175px
|motto=
|motto_translation=
|streetaddress=5814 Hwy# 34
|city=[[Vankleek Hill, Ontario|Vankleek Hill]]
|province=[[Ontario]]
|postalcode=K0B 1R0
|areacode=613
|phone=678-2023
|fax=678-6490
|email=
|url=http://www.ucdsb.on.ca/Schools/School+Directory/Secondary/VCI/homepage.htm
|url=http://www2.ucdsb.on.ca/vci/
|schoolnumber=
|schoolboard=[[Upper Canada District School Board]]
|affiliation=
|superintendent=
|trustee=
|principal=Hubert Theoret
|viceprincipal=William Fielding
|administrator=
|schooltype=Public
|grades=9-12
|language=English
|area=
|mascot=
|teamname=Rebels & Warriors
|colours=Red
|enrollment=501
|enrollment_as_of=2005-06
}}
'''Vankleek Hill Collegiate Institute''' is a [[high school]] operated by the [[Upper Canada District School Board]] (UCDSB) in the [[Vankleek Hill, Ontario|Town of Vankleek Hill]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]]. It provides both academic and [[Vocational education|vocational]] programs to about 501 students (2005-06).

It is colloquially referred to as "VCI" by students and staff.

==Notable Alumni==

'''SPORTS'''

Dan McGillis - NHL Hockey Player (Detroit Red Wings, Edmonton Oilers, Boston Bruins, San Jose Sharks, New Jersey Devils)
Martin St-Louis - NHL Hockey Player (Tampa Bay Lightning, Calgary Flames), Art Ross Trophy Winner, Hart Trophy Winner
Eric Perin - NHL Hockey Player (Tampa Bay Lightning)
Andrew Allen - NHL Hockey Player (Florida Panthers)
Steve Barton - NHL Linesman
Wayne Lee - CFL Football Player (Hamilton Tigercats)

'''ENTERTAINMENT'''

Tony Barton - Radio Personallity "Anthony James"

Vci is a good school

==External links==
* [http://www.ucdsb.on.ca/Schools/School+Directory/Secondary/VCI/homepage.htm VCI's official Board-operated website]
* [http://www2.ucdsb.on.ca/vci/ VCI's official school-operated website]

{{Ontario-school-stub}}
[[Category:High schools in Ontario]]
[[Category:Vankleek Hill, Ontario]]

Precipitation (chemistry)

2006-10-11T00:07:32Z

67.71.153.93:

: ''"Precipitate" redirects here, for the [[Interpol (band)|Interpol]] [[Extended play|EP]] see [[Precipitate (EP)]].''

'''Precipitation''' is the formation of a [[solid]] in a [[solution]] during a [[chemical reaction]]. When the chemical reaction occurs the solid formed is called the '''precipitate'''. This can occur when an insoluble substance, the '''precipitate''', is formed in the solution due to a reaction or when the solution has been [[supersaturated]] by a compound. The formation of a precipitate is a sign of a chemical change. In most situations, the solid forms ("falls") out of the solute phase, and sinks to the bottom of the solution (though it will float if it is less dense than the solvent, or form a [[suspension (chemistry)|suspension]]).

This effect is useful in many industrial and scientific applications whereby a chemical reaction may produce a solid that can be collected from the solution by various methods (e.g. filtration, decanting, centrifuging). Precipitation from a [[solid solution]] is also a useful way to [[precipitation strengthening|strengthen]] [[alloy]]s.

An important stage of the precipitation process is the onset of [[nucleation]]. The creation of a hypothetical solid particle includes the formation of an interface, which requires some energy based on the relative [[surface energy]] of the solid and the solution. If this energy is not available, and no suitable nucleation surface is available, [[supersaturation]] occurs.

An example of a precipitation reaction: Aqueous silver nitrate (AgNO3) is added to a solution containing potassium chloride (KCl) and the precipitation of a white solid, silver chloride is observed. (Zumdahl, 2005)

:AgNO3(aq) + KCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + KNO3(aq)

The silver chloride(AgCl) has formed a solid, which is observed as a precipitate.

This reaction can be written emphasizing the dissociated ions in a combined solution
:Ag+(aq) + NO3-(aq) + K+(aq) + Cl-(aq) → AgCl(solid) + K+(aq) + NO3-(aq)

A final way to represent a precipitate reaction is known as a ''net ionic reaction''. In this case, any spectator ions (those which do not contribute to the reaction) are left out of the formula completely. This simplifies the above equations to the following:
:Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) → AgCl(s)

==Cation sensitivity==
Precipitate formation is useful in the detection of the type of [[cation]] in an unknown [[salt]]. To do this, an [[alkali]] first reacts with the unknown salt to produce a precipitate which is the hydroxide of the unknown salt.

To identify the cation, the colour of the precipitate and its solubility in excess are noted.

Similar processes are often used to separate chemically similar elements, such as the [[rare earth]] metals.

==Reference==

Zumdahl, Steven S. ''Chemical Principles.'' 4th ed. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2005.

==External links==
* http://www.hci.edu.sg/~limth/lessons/2002/qa/cations.htm

[[Category:Chemical processes]]

[[de:Fällungsreaktion]]
[[es:Precipitado]]
[[fr:Précipité]]
[[nl:Neerslag (scheikunde)]]
[[ja:沈殿]]
[[ru:Преципитат (химия)]]
[[sv:Fällningsreaktion]]
[[zh:沉淀]]

Precipitation (chemistry)

2006-10-11T00:06:38Z

67.71.153.93:

: ''"Precipitate" redirects here, for the [[Interpol (band)|Interpol]] [[Extended play|EP]] see [[Precipitate (EP)]].''

'''Precipitation''' is the formation of a [[solid]] in a [[solution]] during a [[chemical reaction]]. A substance that causes precipitation when it is added to a solution is called a '''precipitant'''. This can occur when an insoluble substance, the '''precipitate''', is formed in the solution due to a reaction or when the solution has been [[supersaturated]] by a compound. The formation of a precipitate is a sign of a chemical change. In most situations, the solid forms ("falls") out of the solute phase, and sinks to the bottom of the solution (though it will float if it is less dense than the solvent, or form a [[suspension (chemistry)|suspension]]).

This effect is useful in many industrial and scientific applications whereby a chemical reaction may produce a solid that can be collected from the solution by various methods (e.g. filtration, decanting, centrifuging). Precipitation from a [[solid solution]] is also a useful way to [[precipitation strengthening|strengthen]] [[alloy]]s.

An important stage of the precipitation process is the onset of [[nucleation]]. The creation of a hypothetical solid particle includes the formation of an interface, which requires some energy based on the relative [[surface energy]] of the solid and the solution. If this energy is not available, and no suitable nucleation surface is available, [[supersaturation]] occurs.

An example of a precipitation reaction: Aqueous silver nitrate (AgNO3) is added to a solution containing potassium chloride (KCl) and the precipitation of a white solid, silver chloride is observed. (Zumdahl, 2005)

:AgNO3(aq) + KCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + KNO3(aq)

The silver chloride(AgCl) has formed a solid, which is observed as a precipitate.

This reaction can be written emphasizing the dissociated ions in a combined solution
:Ag+(aq) + NO3-(aq) + K+(aq) + Cl-(aq) → AgCl(solid) + K+(aq) + NO3-(aq)

A final way to represent a precipitate reaction is known as a ''net ionic reaction''. In this case, any spectator ions (those which do not contribute to the reaction) are left out of the formula completely. This simplifies the above equations to the following:
:Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) → AgCl(s)

==Cation sensitivity==
Precipitate formation is useful in the detection of the type of [[cation]] in an unknown [[salt]]. To do this, an [[alkali]] first reacts with the unknown salt to produce a precipitate which is the hydroxide of the unknown salt.

To identify the cation, the colour of the precipitate and its solubility in excess are noted.

Similar processes are often used to separate chemically similar elements, such as the [[rare earth]] metals.

==Reference==

Zumdahl, Steven S. ''Chemical Principles.'' 4th ed. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2005.

==External links==
* http://www.hci.edu.sg/~limth/lessons/2002/qa/cations.htm

[[Category:Chemical processes]]

[[de:Fällungsreaktion]]
[[es:Precipitado]]
[[fr:Précipité]]
[[nl:Neerslag (scheikunde)]]
[[ja:沈殿]]
[[ru:Преципитат (химия)]]
[[sv:Fällningsreaktion]]
[[zh:沉淀]]

Precipitation (chemistry)

2006-10-11T00:06:17Z

67.71.153.93:

: ''"Precipitate" redirects here, for the [[Interpol (band)|Interpol]] [[Extended play|EP]] see [[Precipitate (EP)]].''

'''Precipitation''' is the formation of a [[solid]] in a [[solution]] during a [[chemical reaction]], such as evaporation. A substance that causes precipitation when it is added to a solution is called a '''precipitant'''. This can occur when an insoluble substance, the '''precipitate''', is formed in the solution due to a reaction or when the solution has been [[supersaturated]] by a compound. The formation of a precipitate is a sign of a chemical change. In most situations, the solid forms ("falls") out of the solute phase, and sinks to the bottom of the solution (though it will float if it is less dense than the solvent, or form a [[suspension (chemistry)|suspension]]).

This effect is useful in many industrial and scientific applications whereby a chemical reaction may produce a solid that can be collected from the solution by various methods (e.g. filtration, decanting, centrifuging). Precipitation from a [[solid solution]] is also a useful way to [[precipitation strengthening|strengthen]] [[alloy]]s.

An important stage of the precipitation process is the onset of [[nucleation]]. The creation of a hypothetical solid particle includes the formation of an interface, which requires some energy based on the relative [[surface energy]] of the solid and the solution. If this energy is not available, and no suitable nucleation surface is available, [[supersaturation]] occurs.

An example of a precipitation reaction: Aqueous silver nitrate (AgNO3) is added to a solution containing potassium chloride (KCl) and the precipitation of a white solid, silver chloride is observed. (Zumdahl, 2005)

:AgNO3(aq) + KCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + KNO3(aq)

The silver chloride(AgCl) has formed a solid, which is observed as a precipitate.

This reaction can be written emphasizing the dissociated ions in a combined solution
:Ag+(aq) + NO3-(aq) + K+(aq) + Cl-(aq) → AgCl(solid) + K+(aq) + NO3-(aq)

A final way to represent a precipitate reaction is known as a ''net ionic reaction''. In this case, any spectator ions (those which do not contribute to the reaction) are left out of the formula completely. This simplifies the above equations to the following:
:Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) → AgCl(s)

==Cation sensitivity==
Precipitate formation is useful in the detection of the type of [[cation]] in an unknown [[salt]]. To do this, an [[alkali]] first reacts with the unknown salt to produce a precipitate which is the hydroxide of the unknown salt.

To identify the cation, the colour of the precipitate and its solubility in excess are noted.

Similar processes are often used to separate chemically similar elements, such as the [[rare earth]] metals.

==Reference==

Zumdahl, Steven S. ''Chemical Principles.'' 4th ed. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2005.

==External links==
* http://www.hci.edu.sg/~limth/lessons/2002/qa/cations.htm

[[Category:Chemical processes]]

[[de:Fällungsreaktion]]
[[es:Precipitado]]
[[fr:Précipité]]
[[nl:Neerslag (scheikunde)]]
[[ja:沈殿]]
[[ru:Преципитат (химия)]]
[[sv:Fällningsreaktion]]
[[zh:沉淀]]

Archive:International Journal of Business

2005-09-23T23:51:07Z

67.71.135.41:

An academic journal on international business topics.

Archive:Home insurance

2005-09-20T02:58:44Z

67.71.67.62:

'''Home insurance''', or '''homeowners insurance''', is an [[insurance]] policy that combines insurance on the home, its contents, loss of use (additional living expenses) and, often, the other personal possessions of the homeowner, as well as [[liability]] insurance for accidents that may happen at the home.

The cost of homeowners insurance scales upward depending on what it would cost to replace the house, and which additional "riders", meaning additional items to be insured, are attached to the policy. The insurance policy itself is a lengthy contract, and names what will and what will not be paid in the case of various events. Typically, claims are ''not'' paid due to [[earthquakes]], [[floods]], "[[Act of God|Acts of God]]", or [[war]] (whose definition typically includes a nuclear explosion from any source). Special insurance can be purchased for these possibilities, including [[flood insurance]] and [[earthquake insurance]].

Most insurers charge less if it appears less likely the home will be damaged or destroyed: for example, if the house is situated next to a [[fire engine|fire station]], or if the house is equipped with fire sprinklers and fire alarms.

In the [[United States]], most home buyers borrow money in the form of a [[mortgage]], and the mortgage lender always requires that the buyer purchase homeowners insurance as a condition of the loan, in order to protect the bank if the home were to be destroyed. Anyone with an insurable interest in the property should be listed on the policy.

== Types of Homeowners Insurance ==

There are six kinds of homeowners [[insurance]] in general and consistent use. Of these HO-3 is the most common policy followed by HO-4 and HO-6. Others that are less used, though still significant, are HO-1, HO-2 and HO-5. Each is summarized below:

'''HO-1'''

A limited policy that offers varying degrees of coverage but only for items specifically outlined in the policy. These might be used to cover a valuable object found in the home, such as a painting.

'''HO-2'''

Similar to HO-1, HO-2 is a limited policy in that it covers specific portions of a house against damage. The coverage is usually a "named perils" policy, which lists the events that would be covered. As above, these factors must be spelled out in the policy.

'''HO-3'''

This policy is the most common written for a homeowner and is designed to cover all aspects of the home, structure and it contents as well as any liability that may arise from daily use as well as any visitors who may encounter accident or injury on the premises. Covered aspects as well as limits of liability must be clearly spelled out in the policy to insure proper coverage. The coverage is usually called "all risk".

'''HO-4'''

This is commonly referrened to as renters insurance. Similar to HO-6, this policy covers those aspects of the apartment and its contents not specifically covered in the blanket policy written for the complex. This policy can also cover liabilities arising from accidents and intentional injuries for guests as well as passers-by up to 150' of the domicile.

Very low in cost and high in coverage, this is a '''highly''' recommend policy for anyone renting an apartment.

'''HO-5'''

This policy, similar to HO-3, covers a home (not a condo or apartment), the homeowner and its possessions as well as any liability that might arise from visitors or passers-by. This coverage is differentiated in that it covers a wider breadth and depth of incidents and losses than an HO-3.

'''HO-6'''

As a form of supplemental homeowner's [[insurance]], '''HO-6''', also known as a Condominium Coverage, is designed especially for the owners of condos. It includes coverage for the part of the building owned by the insured and for the property housed therein of the insured.

Designed to span the gap between what the homeowner's association might cover in a blanket policy written for an entire neighborhood and those items of importance to the insured, typically the HO-6 covers liability for residents and guests of the insured in addition to personal property. The liability coverage, depending on the underwriter, premium paid, and other factors of the policy, can cover incidents up to 150' from the insured property, all valuables within the home from theft, fire or water damage or other forms of loss.

It is important to read the Associations By-laws to determine the total amount of insurance needed on your dwelling.

Very low in cost and high in coverage, this is a '''highly''' recommend policy for anyone owning a condo.

[[Category:Insurance]]