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Archive:Introduction to German

2007-07-08T17:25:54Z

74.129.182.66: /* '''Common Greetings''' */

Welcome to '''Introduction to German'''.

==Unit Summary==
* '''Course code:''' ALAU101:
* '''Suggested Prerequisites:'''
** ...
* '''Time investment:'''
* '''Assessment suggestions:'''
* '''Faculty:''' Humanities
* '''School:''' [[School:Language and Literature]]
* '''Department:''' [[Topic:Language Aquisition]]
* '''Stream''' [[German Stream]]
* '''Level:''' Beginner

==Content summary==

==Intended outcome==

==Unit materials==

* '''Study guide:'''
* '''Wikipedia article:''' [[w: German_Language ]]

Learning materials and learning projects can be used by multiple departments. Cooperate with other departments that use the same learning resource.
* ...

Learning materials and [[Portal:Learning Projects|learning projects]] are located in the main Wikiversity namespace. Simply make a [[link]] to the name of the lesson (lessons are independent pages in the [[Wikiversity:Namespaces|main namespace]]) and start writing!

===Texts===
An open-ended German book.
*[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/German German wikibook]

===Lessons===
*[[The Pronouns]] <--Needs to be numbered in a good place when other lessons are written (probably first).

*[[Introduction to basic German verbs]] <--Needs to be numbered in a good place when other lessons are written.

*[[:Image:ABC-Song.ogg|ABC-Song]] - audio file, also [[Image:German alphabet.ogg]]

===[[Introduction_to_German/Input|'''Typing German characters into a computer''']]===
For a PC, you have quick access by typing the following: 
ß - alt+0223 
ä - alt+0228 
ö - alt+0246 
ü - alt+0252 

On a Mac, the commands are as follows: 
ß - ⌥ + s 
ä - ⌥ + u, a 
ö - ⌥ + u, o 
ü - ⌥ + u, u 

Note: the umlaut can be assigned to any vowel by first holding '⌥' and pressing the 'u' key. It will then wait for a vowel key to be pressed.

=== Alphabet/Pronunciation ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Alphabet'''
|-
! German !! Letter Name !! Typical Pronunciation
|-
| A || Ah || Mall
|-
| B || Beh || B
|-
| C || Seh || Rarely (if ever) alone.
|-
| D || Deh || D ; T when final. (und -> "unt")
|-
| E || Eh || Met
|-
| F || Eff || F
|-
| G || Geh || G ; K when final. (Tag -> "Tak")
|-
| H || Ha || H
|-
| I || Ee || Mit ; Meet
|-
| J || Yote || Yellow
|-
| K || Kah || K
|-
| L || Ell || L
|-
| M || Emm || M
|-
| N || En || N
|-
| O || Oh || Wrote
|-
| P || Peh || P
|-
| Q || Coo || Kv when written with a U (Quer -> "Kver")
|-
| R || Err || [[w:Voiced uvular fricative|ʁ]]

|-
| S || Ess || Z ; Sh (before P or T)
|-
| T || Teh || T
|-
| U || Ooh || Moon
|-
| V || Fau || F
|-
| W || Veh || V
|-
| X || Ihks / Eeks || X (ks)
|-
| Y || Oop'-sil-on (derived from Greek Upsilon) || See Ü

|-
| Z || Tset || Ts (Cats)
|-
| Ä || Ah-oomlaut || Approximately "E" as in met
|-
| Ö || Oh-oomlaut || Approximately "Ur" as in turn
|-
| Ü || Oo-oomlaut || Approximately "Ew" as in few
|-
| ß || Ess-Tset / Scharfes Ess || S
|}
Note: When Ä, Ö, and Ü are not available to be typed, they may be replaced by Ae, Oe, and Ue respectively.

The letter ß has no capital form and is never found at the beginning of a word. When words containing ß are written in all caps, a double S (SS) is substituted (Straße -> STRASSE). A double S may also be substituted when the character cannot be typed (Strasse).
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Consonant Clusters and Diphthongs'''
|-
! Cluster !! Pronunciation
|-
| Ch || Scottish Loch
|-
| Sch || Sh
|-
| Tsch || Ch
|-
| Dsch || J
|-
| Th || T
|-
| Kn || K is not kept silent.
|-
| Eu || "Boy"
|-
| Ei || "Eye"
|-
| Ie || "See"
|}

=== Vocabulary ===

==== Expressions of Time ====
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Specific Time'''
|-
! German !! English
|-
| die Zeit || time
|-
| die Stunde || hour
|-
| die Minute || minute
|-
| die Sekunde || second
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Generic Times'''
|-
! German !! English
|-
| der Tag || day
|-
| der Morgen || morning
|-
| der Mittag || midday/noon
|-
| der Nachmittag|| afternoon
|-
| der Abend || evening
|-
| die Nacht || night
|-
| die Mitternacht || midnight
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Past/Future/Present'''
! German || English
|-
| gestern || yesterday
|-
| heute || today
|-
| morgen || tomorrow
|}

====[[Introduction_to_German/Greetings|'''Common Greetings''']]====

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| Hallo! || Hello!
|-
| Guten Morgen! || Good Morning
|-
| Guten Abend! || Good Evening
|-
| Gute Nacht! || Good Night (Only say if you're going to bed! Use 'Guten Abend' until bedtime. Regardless of the hour.)
|-
| Guten Tag! || Hello/Good Day
|-
| Tag! || (shorter version of above)
|-
| Grüß dich! || Hello (Lit.: Greet you)(informal/regional)
|-
| Ich heiße... || My name is... (Lit.: I am called...)
|-
| Wie geht's?(inf) Wie geht es Ihnen? (for) || How's it going?
| Was gibt's? || What's up? (Literally: What gives it?/What does it give?) (informal/regional)
|-
| Grüß Gott! || Hello (Literally: Greet God) (regional, southern Germany/Austria mainly)
|}

====[[Introduction_to_German/Numbers|'''Numbers''']]====
===== Cardinal Numbers =====
{| class="sort wikitable sortable"
|-
! Number !! German !! English
|-
| 1 || eins || one
|-
| 2 || zwei || two
|-
| 3 || drei || three
|-
| 4 || vier || four
|-
| 5 || fünf || five
|-
| 6 || sechs || six
|-
| 7 || sieben || seven
|-
| 8 || acht || eight
|-
| 9 || neun || nine
|-
| 10 || zehn || ten
|}
*Eleven and twelve are irregular:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| elf || eleven
|-
| zwölf || twelve
|}

*Numbers 13 through 19 are created as follows:
First digit number + 'zehn'
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| dreizehn || thirteen
|-
| vierzehn || fourteen
|-
| fünfzehn || fifteen
|-
| sechzehn || sixteen
|-
| siebzehn || seventeen
|-
| achtzehn || eighteen
|-
| neunzehn || nineteen
|}
Note: The "-s" in "Sechs" and the "-en" in "Sieben" are dropped in the combination.
 
 

===== Double Digits =====
*In German, two digit numbers are created by:
adding the suffix "-zig." (similar to English "-ty").

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| zwanzig|| twenty
|-
| dreißig || thirty
|-
| vierzig || forty
|-
| fünfzig || fifty
|-
| sechzig || sixty
|-
| siebzig || seventy
|-
| achtzig || eighty
|-
| neunzig || ninety
|}
Note: The spellings of zwanzig (20), dreißig (30), sechzig (60), and siebzig (70) are irregular. 

*Two digit numbers that do not end with zero are made as follows:
second digit + und + the number as it would be said if it ended in zero (English Example: 42 / Two and Fourty / twoandfourty / Zwei und vierzig / zweiundvierzig)

Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| einundzwanzig || 21
|-
| siebunddreißig || 37
|-
| sechsundvierzig || 46
|-
| vierundsechzig || 64
|-
| neunundneunzig || 99
|-
|}
*Large numbers are similar to English:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| hundert || 100
|-
| tausend || 1.000
|-
| Million || 1.000.000
|-
| Milliarde || 1.000.000.000
|-
| Trillion || 1.000.000.000.000
|-
|}
Note: Periods (.) are used to divide large numbers into groups of three, as opposed to commas (,).
*Commas are used as decimal points:
1.001 = "one thousand"
1,001 = "one point zero zero one"

===Sports===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| der Amerikanische Fußball || American football
|-
| der Fußball || football/soccer
|-
| der Tischtennis || tabletennis/Pingpong
|-
|}

=== Important verbs ===
Verb tables below
*[[Sein]]
*[[Haben]]
*[[German modal verbs|Modal verbs]]
*[[Regular verbs]]

=== Other Verbs ===
*[[gehen]] to go
*[[machen]] to do
*brauchen- to need
*essen- to eat
*heissen- to be called (as in, "her name is"; "sie heisst Claudia...")
*wissen- to know (knowledge, information)
*kennen- to know (acquaintance)
*spielen- to play
*besuchen- to visit
*laufen- to run
*radfahren- to ride a bike (Separable prefix. Ex. Ich fahre rad. (I ride a bike.))
*lachen = to laugh
*sehen = to see (Stem-changer... for du, er, sie, and es change the first 'e' to 'ie'): Ex. Siehst du mich? (Do you see me?)
*möchten = to would like
*fliegen = to fly
*lieben = to love
*schlafen = to sleep (Stem-changer. Change 'a' to umlauted 'a'.)
*weinen = to cry
*mögen = to like (Stem changer, change umlauted 'o' to 'a' in du, er, sie, and es forms. (Ex. Ich mag Katzen: I like cats.))

===Assignments===

To help you get acquainted with the written language, use this subpage to get in contact with German speaking Wikiversity participants.

==Active participants==
*[[User:Exorcist_bob | Exorcist_bob]]
*[[User:Mjvp13 | MjVP13]]
*[[User:Daniel M. Roberts | Daniel M. Roberts]]
*[[User:HappyCamper|HappyCamper]]
*--[[User:Smithgrrl|Smithgrrl]] 02:38, 5 November 2006 (UTC) Ich spreche Deutsch nicht besonders gut, aber möchte gerne helfen wenn ich kann!
*[[User:Kaiti|Kaiti]] Ich werde wenn ich kann helfen!
*[[User:Enlil Ninlil|Enlil Ninlil]] 04:13, 27 April 2007 (UTC)
[[Category:German]]
[[Category:Introductions]]
[[Category:Multilingual Studies]]

Archive:Introduction to German

2007-07-08T17:09:23Z

74.129.182.66: /* Alphabet/Pronunciation */ Cleaned up my own unnecessary junk.

Welcome to '''Introduction to German'''.

==Unit Summary==
* '''Course code:''' ALAU101:
* '''Suggested Prerequisites:'''
** ...
* '''Time investment:'''
* '''Assessment suggestions:'''
* '''Faculty:''' Humanities
* '''School:''' [[School:Language and Literature]]
* '''Department:''' [[Topic:Language Aquisition]]
* '''Stream''' [[German Stream]]
* '''Level:''' Beginner

==Content summary==

==Intended outcome==

==Unit materials==

* '''Study guide:'''
* '''Wikipedia article:''' [[w: German_Language ]]

Learning materials and learning projects can be used by multiple departments. Cooperate with other departments that use the same learning resource.
* ...

Learning materials and [[Portal:Learning Projects|learning projects]] are located in the main Wikiversity namespace. Simply make a [[link]] to the name of the lesson (lessons are independent pages in the [[Wikiversity:Namespaces|main namespace]]) and start writing!

===Texts===
An open-ended German book.
*[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/German German wikibook]

===Lessons===
*[[The Pronouns]] <--Needs to be numbered in a good place when other lessons are written (probably first).

*[[Introduction to basic German verbs]] <--Needs to be numbered in a good place when other lessons are written.

*[[:Image:ABC-Song.ogg|ABC-Song]] - audio file, also [[Image:German alphabet.ogg]]

===[[Introduction_to_German/Input|'''Typing German characters into a computer''']]===
For a PC, you have quick access by typing the following: 
ß - alt+0223 
ä - alt+0228 
ö - alt+0246 
ü - alt+0252 

On a Mac, the commands are as follows: 
ß - ⌥ + s 
ä - ⌥ + u, a 
ö - ⌥ + u, o 
ü - ⌥ + u, u 

Note: the umlaut can be assigned to any vowel by first holding '⌥' and pressing the 'u' key. It will then wait for a vowel key to be pressed.

=== Alphabet/Pronunciation ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Alphabet'''
|-
! German !! Letter Name !! Typical Pronunciation
|-
| A || Ah || Mall
|-
| B || Beh || B
|-
| C || Seh || Rarely (if ever) alone.
|-
| D || Deh || D ; T when final. (und -> "unt")
|-
| E || Eh || Met
|-
| F || Eff || F
|-
| G || Geh || G ; K when final. (Tag -> "Tak")
|-
| H || Ha || H
|-
| I || Ee || Mit ; Meet
|-
| J || Yote || Yellow
|-
| K || Kah || K
|-
| L || Ell || L
|-
| M || Emm || M
|-
| N || En || N
|-
| O || Oh || Wrote
|-
| P || Peh || P
|-
| Q || Coo || Kv when written with a U (Quer -> "Kver")
|-
| R || Err || [[w:Voiced uvular fricative|ʁ]]

|-
| S || Ess || Z ; Sh (before P or T)
|-
| T || Teh || T
|-
| U || Ooh || Moon
|-
| V || Fau || F
|-
| W || Veh || V
|-
| X || Ihks / Eeks || X (ks)
|-
| Y || Oop'-sil-on (derived from Greek Upsilon) || See Ü

|-
| Z || Tset || Ts (Cats)
|-
| Ä || Ah-oomlaut || Approximately "E" as in met
|-
| Ö || Oh-oomlaut || Approximately "Ur" as in turn
|-
| Ü || Oo-oomlaut || Approximately "Ew" as in few
|-
| ß || Ess-Tset / Scharfes Ess || S
|}
Note: When Ä, Ö, and Ü are not available to be typed, they may be replaced by Ae, Oe, and Ue respectively.

The letter ß has no capital form and is never found at the beginning of a word. When words containing ß are written in all caps, a double S (SS) is substituted (Straße -> STRASSE). A double S may also be substituted when the character cannot be typed (Strasse).
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Consonant Clusters and Diphthongs'''
|-
! Cluster !! Pronunciation
|-
| Ch || Scottish Loch
|-
| Sch || Sh
|-
| Tsch || Ch
|-
| Dsch || J
|-
| Th || T
|-
| Kn || K is not kept silent.
|-
| Eu || "Boy"
|-
| Ei || "Eye"
|-
| Ie || "See"
|}

=== Vocabulary ===

==== Expressions of Time ====
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Specific Time'''
|-
! German !! English
|-
| die Zeit || time
|-
| die Stunde || hour
|-
| die Minute || minute
|-
| die Sekunde || second
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Generic Times'''
|-
! German !! English
|-
| der Tag || day
|-
| der Morgen || morning
|-
| der Mittag || midday/noon
|-
| der Nachmittag|| afternoon
|-
| der Abend || evening
|-
| die Nacht || night
|-
| die Mitternacht || midnight
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Past/Future/Present'''
! German || English
|-
| gestern || yesterday
|-
| heute || today
|-
| morgen || tomorrow
|}

====[[Introduction_to_German/Greetings|'''Common Greetings''']]====

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| Hallo! || Hello!
|-
| guten Morgen || Good Morning
|-
| guten Abend || Good Evening
|-
| gute Nacht || Good Night (Only say if you're going to bed! Use 'Guten Abend' until bedtime. Regardless of the hour.)
|-
| guten Tag || Hello/Good Day
|-
| Tag! || (shorter version of above)
|-
| grüß dich! || Hello (informal/regional)
|-
| Ich heiße... || My name is...
|-
| wie geht's? || How are you?
|-
| was gibt's? || What's up? (Literally: What gives it?) (informal/regional)
|-
| grüß gott! || Hello (Literally: Greet god) (informal/regional, southern germany/austria mainly)
|}

====[[Introduction_to_German/Numbers|'''Numbers''']]====
===== Cardinal Numbers =====
{| class="sort wikitable sortable"
|-
! Number !! German !! English
|-
| 1 || eins || one
|-
| 2 || zwei || two
|-
| 3 || drei || three
|-
| 4 || vier || four
|-
| 5 || fünf || five
|-
| 6 || sechs || six
|-
| 7 || sieben || seven
|-
| 8 || acht || eight
|-
| 9 || neun || nine
|-
| 10 || zehn || ten
|}
*Eleven and twelve are irregular:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| elf || eleven
|-
| zwölf || twelve
|}

*Numbers 13 through 19 are created as follows:
First digit number + 'zehn'
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| dreizehn || thirteen
|-
| vierzehn || fourteen
|-
| fünfzehn || fifteen
|-
| sechzehn || sixteen
|-
| siebzehn || seventeen
|-
| achtzehn || eighteen
|-
| neunzehn || nineteen
|}
Note: The "-s" in "Sechs" and the "-en" in "Sieben" are dropped in the combination.
 
 

===== Double Digits =====
*In German, two digit numbers are created by:
adding the suffix "-zig." (similar to English "-ty").

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| zwanzig|| twenty
|-
| dreißig || thirty
|-
| vierzig || forty
|-
| fünfzig || fifty
|-
| sechzig || sixty
|-
| siebzig || seventy
|-
| achtzig || eighty
|-
| neunzig || ninety
|}
Note: The spellings of zwanzig (20), dreißig (30), sechzig (60), and siebzig (70) are irregular. 

*Two digit numbers that do not end with zero are made as follows:
second digit + und + the number as it would be said if it ended in zero (English Example: 42 / Two and Fourty / twoandfourty / Zwei und vierzig / zweiundvierzig)

Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| einundzwanzig || 21
|-
| siebunddreißig || 37
|-
| sechsundvierzig || 46
|-
| vierundsechzig || 64
|-
| neunundneunzig || 99
|-
|}
*Large numbers are similar to English:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| hundert || 100
|-
| tausend || 1.000
|-
| Million || 1.000.000
|-
| Milliarde || 1.000.000.000
|-
| Trillion || 1.000.000.000.000
|-
|}
Note: Periods (.) are used to divide large numbers into groups of three, as opposed to commas (,).
*Commas are used as decimal points:
1.001 = "one thousand"
1,001 = "one point zero zero one"

===Sports===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| der Amerikanische Fußball || American football
|-
| der Fußball || football/soccer
|-
| der Tischtennis || tabletennis/Pingpong
|-
|}

=== Important verbs ===
Verb tables below
*[[Sein]]
*[[Haben]]
*[[German modal verbs|Modal verbs]]
*[[Regular verbs]]

=== Other Verbs ===
*[[gehen]] to go
*[[machen]] to do
*brauchen- to need
*essen- to eat
*heissen- to be called (as in, "her name is"; "sie heisst Claudia...")
*wissen- to know (knowledge, information)
*kennen- to know (acquaintance)
*spielen- to play
*besuchen- to visit
*laufen- to run
*radfahren- to ride a bike (Separable prefix. Ex. Ich fahre rad. (I ride a bike.))
*lachen = to laugh
*sehen = to see (Stem-changer... for du, er, sie, and es change the first 'e' to 'ie'): Ex. Siehst du mich? (Do you see me?)
*möchten = to would like
*fliegen = to fly
*lieben = to love
*schlafen = to sleep (Stem-changer. Change 'a' to umlauted 'a'.)
*weinen = to cry
*mögen = to like (Stem changer, change umlauted 'o' to 'a' in du, er, sie, and es forms. (Ex. Ich mag Katzen: I like cats.))

===Assignments===

To help you get acquainted with the written language, use this subpage to get in contact with German speaking Wikiversity participants.

==Active participants==
*[[User:Exorcist_bob | Exorcist_bob]]
*[[User:Mjvp13 | MjVP13]]
*[[User:Daniel M. Roberts | Daniel M. Roberts]]
*[[User:HappyCamper|HappyCamper]]
*--[[User:Smithgrrl|Smithgrrl]] 02:38, 5 November 2006 (UTC) Ich spreche Deutsch nicht besonders gut, aber möchte gerne helfen wenn ich kann!
*[[User:Kaiti|Kaiti]] Ich werde wenn ich kann helfen!
*[[User:Enlil Ninlil|Enlil Ninlil]] 04:13, 27 April 2007 (UTC)
[[Category:German]]
[[Category:Introductions]]
[[Category:Multilingual Studies]]

Archive:Introduction to German

2007-07-08T17:04:51Z

74.129.182.66: /* Alphabet/Pronunciation */

Welcome to '''Introduction to German'''.

==Unit Summary==
* '''Course code:''' ALAU101:
* '''Suggested Prerequisites:'''
** ...
* '''Time investment:'''
* '''Assessment suggestions:'''
* '''Faculty:''' Humanities
* '''School:''' [[School:Language and Literature]]
* '''Department:''' [[Topic:Language Aquisition]]
* '''Stream''' [[German Stream]]
* '''Level:''' Beginner

==Content summary==

==Intended outcome==

==Unit materials==

* '''Study guide:'''
* '''Wikipedia article:''' [[w: German_Language ]]

Learning materials and learning projects can be used by multiple departments. Cooperate with other departments that use the same learning resource.
* ...

Learning materials and [[Portal:Learning Projects|learning projects]] are located in the main Wikiversity namespace. Simply make a [[link]] to the name of the lesson (lessons are independent pages in the [[Wikiversity:Namespaces|main namespace]]) and start writing!

===Texts===
An open-ended German book.
*[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/German German wikibook]

===Lessons===
*[[The Pronouns]] <--Needs to be numbered in a good place when other lessons are written (probably first).

*[[Introduction to basic German verbs]] <--Needs to be numbered in a good place when other lessons are written.

*[[:Image:ABC-Song.ogg|ABC-Song]] - audio file, also [[Image:German alphabet.ogg]]

===[[Introduction_to_German/Input|'''Typing German characters into a computer''']]===
For a PC, you have quick access by typing the following: 
ß - alt+0223 
ä - alt+0228 
ö - alt+0246 
ü - alt+0252 

On a Mac, the commands are as follows: 
ß - ⌥ + s 
ä - ⌥ + u, a 
ö - ⌥ + u, o 
ü - ⌥ + u, u 

Note: the umlaut can be assigned to any vowel by first holding '⌥' and pressing the 'u' key. It will then wait for a vowel key to be pressed.

=== Alphabet/Pronunciation ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Alphabet'''
|-
! German !! Letter Name !! Typical Pronunciation
|-
| A || Ah || Mall
|-
| B || Beh || (Same as English)
|-
| C || Seh || Rarely (if ever) alone.
|-
| D || Deh || (Same as English) ; "T" when final. (und -> "unt")
|-
| E || Eh || Met
|-
| F || Eff || (Same as English)
|-
| G || Geh || (Same as English) ; "K" when final. (Tag -> "Tak")
|-
| H || Ha || (Same as English)
|-
| I || Ee || Mit ; Meet
|-
| J || Yote || Yellow
|-
| K || Kah || (Same as English)
|-
| L || Ell || (Same as English)
|-
| M || Emm || (Same as English)
|-
| N || En || (Same as English)
|-
| O || Oh || Wrote
|-
| P || Peh || (Same as English)
|-
| Q || Coo || Kv when written with a U (i.e. Quer -> "Kver")
|-
| R || Err || [[w:Voiced uvular fricative|ʁ]]

|-
| S || Ess || Zebra ; Sheep (before P or T)
|-
| T || Teh || (Same as English)
|-
| U || Ooh || Moon
|-
| V || Fau || Fast
|-
| W || Veh || Violin
|-
| X || Ihks / Eeks || Hex
|-
| Y || Oop'-sil-on (derived from Greek Upsilon) || See Ü

|-
| Z || Tset || Cats
|-
| Ä || Ah-oomlaut || Approximately "E" as in met
|-
| Ö || Oh-oomlaut || Approximately "Ur" as in turn
|-
| Ü || Oo-oomlaut || Approximately "Ew" as in few
|-
| ß || Ess-Tset / Scharfes Ess || Miss
|}
Note: When Ä, Ö, and Ü are not available to be typed, they may be replaced by Ae, Oe, and Ue respectively.

The letter ß has no capital form and is never found at the beginning of a word. When words containing ß are written in all caps, a double S (SS) is substituted (Straße -> STRASSE). A double S may also be substituted when the character cannot be typed (Strasse).
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Consonant Clusters and Diphthongs'''
|-
! Cluster !! Pronunciation
|-
| Ch || Scottish Loch
|-
| Sch || Sh
|-
| Tsch || Ch
|-
| Dsch || J
|-
| Th || T
|-
| Kn || K is not kept silent.
|-
| Eu || "Boy"
|-
| Ei || "Eye"
|-
| Ie || "See"
|}

=== Vocabulary ===

==== Expressions of Time ====
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Specific Time'''
|-
! German !! English
|-
| die Zeit || time
|-
| die Stunde || hour
|-
| die Minute || minute
|-
| die Sekunde || second
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Generic Times'''
|-
! German !! English
|-
| der Tag || day
|-
| der Morgen || morning
|-
| der Mittag || midday/noon
|-
| der Nachmittag|| afternoon
|-
| der Abend || evening
|-
| die Nacht || night
|-
| die Mitternacht || midnight
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Past/Future/Present'''
! German || English
|-
| gestern || yesterday
|-
| heute || today
|-
| morgen || tomorrow
|}

====[[Introduction_to_German/Greetings|'''Common Greetings''']]====

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| Hallo! || Hello!
|-
| guten Morgen || Good Morning
|-
| guten Abend || Good Evening
|-
| gute Nacht || Good Night (Only say if you're going to bed! Use 'Guten Abend' until bedtime. Regardless of the hour.)
|-
| guten Tag || Hello/Good Day
|-
| Tag! || (shorter version of above)
|-
| grüß dich! || Hello (informal/regional)
|-
| Ich heiße... || My name is...
|-
| wie geht's? || How are you?
|-
| was gibt's? || What's up? (Literally: What gives it?) (informal/regional)
|-
| grüß gott! || Hello (Literally: Greet god) (informal/regional, southern germany/austria mainly)
|}

====[[Introduction_to_German/Numbers|'''Numbers''']]====
===== Cardinal Numbers =====
{| class="sort wikitable sortable"
|-
! Number !! German !! English
|-
| 1 || eins || one
|-
| 2 || zwei || two
|-
| 3 || drei || three
|-
| 4 || vier || four
|-
| 5 || fünf || five
|-
| 6 || sechs || six
|-
| 7 || sieben || seven
|-
| 8 || acht || eight
|-
| 9 || neun || nine
|-
| 10 || zehn || ten
|}
*Eleven and twelve are irregular:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| elf || eleven
|-
| zwölf || twelve
|}

*Numbers 13 through 19 are created as follows:
First digit number + 'zehn'
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| dreizehn || thirteen
|-
| vierzehn || fourteen
|-
| fünfzehn || fifteen
|-
| sechzehn || sixteen
|-
| siebzehn || seventeen
|-
| achtzehn || eighteen
|-
| neunzehn || nineteen
|}
Note: The "-s" in "Sechs" and the "-en" in "Sieben" are dropped in the combination.
 
 

===== Double Digits =====
*In German, two digit numbers are created by:
adding the suffix "-zig." (similar to English "-ty").

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| zwanzig|| twenty
|-
| dreißig || thirty
|-
| vierzig || forty
|-
| fünfzig || fifty
|-
| sechzig || sixty
|-
| siebzig || seventy
|-
| achtzig || eighty
|-
| neunzig || ninety
|}
Note: The spellings of zwanzig (20), dreißig (30), sechzig (60), and siebzig (70) are irregular. 

*Two digit numbers that do not end with zero are made as follows:
second digit + und + the number as it would be said if it ended in zero (English Example: 42 / Two and Fourty / twoandfourty / Zwei und vierzig / zweiundvierzig)

Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| einundzwanzig || 21
|-
| siebunddreißig || 37
|-
| sechsundvierzig || 46
|-
| vierundsechzig || 64
|-
| neunundneunzig || 99
|-
|}
*Large numbers are similar to English:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| hundert || 100
|-
| tausend || 1.000
|-
| Million || 1.000.000
|-
| Milliarde || 1.000.000.000
|-
| Trillion || 1.000.000.000.000
|-
|}
Note: Periods (.) are used to divide large numbers into groups of three, as opposed to commas (,).
*Commas are used as decimal points:
1.001 = "one thousand"
1,001 = "one point zero zero one"

===Sports===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| der Amerikanische Fußball || American football
|-
| der Fußball || football/soccer
|-
| der Tischtennis || tabletennis/Pingpong
|-
|}

=== Important verbs ===
Verb tables below
*[[Sein]]
*[[Haben]]
*[[German modal verbs|Modal verbs]]
*[[Regular verbs]]

=== Other Verbs ===
*[[gehen]] to go
*[[machen]] to do
*brauchen- to need
*essen- to eat
*heissen- to be called (as in, "her name is"; "sie heisst Claudia...")
*wissen- to know (knowledge, information)
*kennen- to know (acquaintance)
*spielen- to play
*besuchen- to visit
*laufen- to run
*radfahren- to ride a bike (Separable prefix. Ex. Ich fahre rad. (I ride a bike.))
*lachen = to laugh
*sehen = to see (Stem-changer... for du, er, sie, and es change the first 'e' to 'ie'): Ex. Siehst du mich? (Do you see me?)
*möchten = to would like
*fliegen = to fly
*lieben = to love
*schlafen = to sleep (Stem-changer. Change 'a' to umlauted 'a'.)
*weinen = to cry
*mögen = to like (Stem changer, change umlauted 'o' to 'a' in du, er, sie, and es forms. (Ex. Ich mag Katzen: I like cats.))

===Assignments===

To help you get acquainted with the written language, use this subpage to get in contact with German speaking Wikiversity participants.

==Active participants==
*[[User:Exorcist_bob | Exorcist_bob]]
*[[User:Mjvp13 | MjVP13]]
*[[User:Daniel M. Roberts | Daniel M. Roberts]]
*[[User:HappyCamper|HappyCamper]]
*--[[User:Smithgrrl|Smithgrrl]] 02:38, 5 November 2006 (UTC) Ich spreche Deutsch nicht besonders gut, aber möchte gerne helfen wenn ich kann!
*[[User:Kaiti|Kaiti]] Ich werde wenn ich kann helfen!
*[[User:Enlil Ninlil|Enlil Ninlil]] 04:13, 27 April 2007 (UTC)
[[Category:German]]
[[Category:Introductions]]
[[Category:Multilingual Studies]]

Archive:Introduction to German

2007-07-08T16:45:01Z

74.129.182.66:

Welcome to '''Introduction to German'''.

==Unit Summary==
* '''Course code:''' ALAU101:
* '''Suggested Prerequisites:'''
** ...
* '''Time investment:'''
* '''Assessment suggestions:'''
* '''Faculty:''' Humanities
* '''School:''' [[School:Language and Literature]]
* '''Department:''' [[Topic:Language Aquisition]]
* '''Stream''' [[German Stream]]
* '''Level:''' Beginner

==Content summary==

==Intended outcome==

==Unit materials==

* '''Study guide:'''
* '''Wikipedia article:''' [[w: German_Language ]]

Learning materials and learning projects can be used by multiple departments. Cooperate with other departments that use the same learning resource.
* ...

Learning materials and [[Portal:Learning Projects|learning projects]] are located in the main Wikiversity namespace. Simply make a [[link]] to the name of the lesson (lessons are independent pages in the [[Wikiversity:Namespaces|main namespace]]) and start writing!

===Texts===
An open-ended German book.
*[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/German German wikibook]

===Lessons===
*[[The Pronouns]] <--Needs to be numbered in a good place when other lessons are written (probably first).

*[[Introduction to basic German verbs]] <--Needs to be numbered in a good place when other lessons are written.

*[[:Image:ABC-Song.ogg|ABC-Song]] - audio file, also [[Image:German alphabet.ogg]]

===[[Introduction_to_German/Input|'''Typing German characters into a computer''']]===
For a PC, you have quick access by typing the following: 
ß - alt+0223 
ä - alt+0228 
ö - alt+0246 
ü - alt+0252 

On a Mac, the commands are as follows: 
ß - ⌥ + s 
ä - ⌥ + u, a 
ö - ⌥ + u, o 
ü - ⌥ + u, u 

Note: the umlaut can be assigned to any vowel by first holding '⌥' and pressing the 'u' key. It will then wait for a vowel key to be pressed.

=== Alphabet/Pronunciation ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Alphabet'''
|-
! German !! Letter Name !! Typical Pronunciation
|-
| A || Ah || Mall
|-
| B || Beh || (Same as English)
|-
| C || Seh || Rarely (if ever) alone.
|-
| D || Deh || (Same as English) ; "T" when final. (und -> "unt")
|-
| E || Eh || Met
|-
| F || Eff || (Same as English)
|-
| G || Geh || (Same as English) ; "K" when final. (Tag -> "Tak")
|-
| H || Ha || (Same as English)
|-
| I || Ee || Mit ; Meet
|-
| J || Yote || Yellow
|-
| K || Kah || (Same as English)
|-
| L || Ell || (Same as English)
|-
| M || Emm || (Same as English)
|-
| N || En || (Same as English)
|-
| O || Oh || Wrote
|-
| P || Peh || (Same as English)
|-
| Q || Coo || Kv when written with a U (i.e. Quer -> "Kver")
|-
| R || Err || [[w:Voiced uvular fricative|ʁ]]

|-
| S || Ess || Zebra ; Sheep (before P or T)
|-
| T || Teh || (Same as English)
|-
| U || Ooh || Moon
|-
| V || Fau || Fast
|-
| W || Veh || Violin
|-
| X || Ihks / Eeks || Hex
|-
| Y || Oop'-sil-on (derived from Greek Upsilon) || See Ü

|-
| Z || Tset || Cats
|-
| Ä || Ah-oomlaut || Approximately "E" as in met
|-
| Ö || Oh-oomlaut || Approximately "Ur" as in turn
|-
| Ü || Oo-oomlaut || Approximately "Ew" as in few
|-
| ß || Ess-Tset / Scharfes Ess Can be substituted with two s's (Straße or Strasse) Never written capital (Straße becomes STRASSE) || Miss
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Consonant Clusters and Diphthongs'''
|-
! Cluster !! Pronunciation
|-
| Ch || Scottish Loch
|-
| Sch || Sh
|-
| Tsch || Ch
|-
| Dsch || J
|-
| Th || T
|-
| Kn || K is not kept silent.
|-
| Eu || "Boy"
|-
| Ei || "Eye"
|-
| Ie || "See"
|}

=== Vocabulary ===

==== Expressions of Time ====
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Specific Time'''
|-
! German !! English
|-
| die Zeit || time
|-
| die Stunde || hour
|-
| die Minute || minute
|-
| die Sekunde || second
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Generic Times'''
|-
! German !! English
|-
| der Tag || day
|-
| der Morgen || morning
|-
| der Mittag || midday/noon
|-
| der Nachmittag|| afternoon
|-
| der Abend || evening
|-
| die Nacht || night
|-
| die Mitternacht || midnight
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Past/Future/Present'''
! German || English
|-
| gestern || yesterday
|-
| heute || today
|-
| morgen || tomorrow
|}

====[[Introduction_to_German/Greetings|'''Common Greetings''']]====

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| Hallo! || Hello!
|-
| guten Morgen || Good Morning
|-
| guten Abend || Good Evening
|-
| gute Nacht || Good Night (Only say if you're going to bed! Use 'Guten Abend' until bedtime. Regardless of the hour.)
|-
| guten Tag || Hello/Good Day
|-
| Tag! || (shorter version of above)
|-
| grüß dich! || Hello (informal/regional)
|-
| Ich heiße... || My name is...
|-
| wie geht's? || How are you?
|-
| was gibt's? || What's up? (Literally: What gives it?) (informal/regional)
|-
| grüß gott! || Hello (Literally: Greet god) (informal/regional, southern germany/austria mainly)
|}

====[[Introduction_to_German/Numbers|'''Numbers''']]====
===== Cardinal Numbers =====
{| class="sort wikitable sortable"
|-
! Number !! German !! English
|-
| 1 || eins || one
|-
| 2 || zwei || two
|-
| 3 || drei || three
|-
| 4 || vier || four
|-
| 5 || fünf || five
|-
| 6 || sechs || six
|-
| 7 || sieben || seven
|-
| 8 || acht || eight
|-
| 9 || neun || nine
|-
| 10 || zehn || ten
|}
*Eleven and twelve are irregular:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| elf || eleven
|-
| zwölf || twelve
|}

*Numbers 13 through 19 are created as follows:
First digit number + 'zehn'
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| dreizehn || thirteen
|-
| vierzehn || fourteen
|-
| fünfzehn || fifteen
|-
| sechzehn || sixteen
|-
| siebzehn || seventeen
|-
| achtzehn || eighteen
|-
| neunzehn || nineteen
|}
Note: The "-s" in "Sechs" and the "-en" in "Sieben" are dropped in the combination.
 
 

===== Double Digits =====
*In German, two digit numbers are created by:
adding the suffix "-zig." (similar to English "-ty").

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| zwanzig|| twenty
|-
| dreißig || thirty
|-
| vierzig || forty
|-
| fünfzig || fifty
|-
| sechzig || sixty
|-
| siebzig || seventy
|-
| achtzig || eighty
|-
| neunzig || ninety
|}
Note: The spellings of zwanzig (20), dreißig (30), sechzig (60), and siebzig (70) are irregular. 

*Two digit numbers that do not end with zero are made as follows:
second digit + und + the number as it would be said if it ended in zero (English Example: 42 / Two and Fourty / twoandfourty / Zwei und vierzig / zweiundvierzig)

Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| einundzwanzig || 21
|-
| siebunddreißig || 37
|-
| sechsundvierzig || 46
|-
| vierundsechzig || 64
|-
| neunundneunzig || 99
|-
|}
*Large numbers are similar to English:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| hundert || 100
|-
| tausend || 1.000
|-
| Million || 1.000.000
|-
| Milliarde || 1.000.000.000
|-
| Trillion || 1.000.000.000.000
|-
|}
Note: Periods (.) are used to divide large numbers into groups of three, as opposed to commas (,).
*Commas are used as decimal points:
1.001 = "one thousand"
1,001 = "one point zero zero one"

===Sports===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| der Amerikanische Fußball || American football
|-
| der Fußball || football/soccer
|-
| der Tischtennis || tabletennis/Pingpong
|-
|}

=== Important verbs ===
Verb tables below
*[[Sein]]
*[[Haben]]
*[[German modal verbs|Modal verbs]]
*[[Regular verbs]]

=== Other Verbs ===
*[[gehen]] to go
*[[machen]] to do
*brauchen- to need
*essen- to eat
*heissen- to be called (as in, "her name is"; "sie heisst Claudia...")
*wissen- to know (knowledge, information)
*kennen- to know (acquaintance)
*spielen- to play
*besuchen- to visit
*laufen- to run
*radfahren- to ride a bike (Separable prefix. Ex. Ich fahre rad. (I ride a bike.))
*lachen = to laugh
*sehen = to see (Stem-changer... for du, er, sie, and es change the first 'e' to 'ie'): Ex. Siehst du mich? (Do you see me?)
*möchten = to would like
*fliegen = to fly
*lieben = to love
*schlafen = to sleep (Stem-changer. Change 'a' to umlauted 'a'.)
*weinen = to cry
*mögen = to like (Stem changer, change umlauted 'o' to 'a' in du, er, sie, and es forms. (Ex. Ich mag Katzen: I like cats.))

===Assignments===

To help you get acquainted with the written language, use this subpage to get in contact with German speaking Wikiversity participants.

==Active participants==
*[[User:Exorcist_bob | Exorcist_bob]]
*[[User:Mjvp13 | MjVP13]]
*[[User:Daniel M. Roberts | Daniel M. Roberts]]
*[[User:HappyCamper|HappyCamper]]
*--[[User:Smithgrrl|Smithgrrl]] 02:38, 5 November 2006 (UTC) Ich spreche Deutsch nicht besonders gut, aber möchte gerne helfen wenn ich kann!
*[[User:Kaiti|Kaiti]] Ich werde wenn ich kann helfen!
*[[User:Enlil Ninlil|Enlil Ninlil]] 04:13, 27 April 2007 (UTC)
[[Category:German]]
[[Category:Introductions]]
[[Category:Multilingual Studies]]

Archive:Introduction to German

2007-07-08T16:31:25Z

74.129.182.66: /* Pronunciation / Alphabet */

Welcome to '''Introduction to German'''.

==Unit Summary==
* '''Course code:''' ALAU101:
* '''Suggested Prerequisites:'''
** ...
* '''Time investment:'''
* '''Assessment suggestions:'''
* '''Faculty:''' Humanities
* '''School:''' [[School:Language and Literature]]
* '''Department:''' [[Topic:Language Aquisition]]
* '''Stream''' [[German Stream]]
* '''Level:''' Beginner

==Content summary==

==Intended outcome==

==Unit materials==

* '''Study guide:'''
* '''Wikipedia article:''' [[w: German_Language ]]

Learning materials and learning projects can be used by multiple departments. Cooperate with other departments that use the same learning resource.
* ...

Learning materials and [[Portal:Learning Projects|learning projects]] are located in the main Wikiversity namespace. Simply make a [[link]] to the name of the lesson (lessons are independent pages in the [[Wikiversity:Namespaces|main namespace]]) and start writing!

===Texts===
An open-ended German book.
*[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/German German wikibook]

===Lessons===
*[[The Pronouns]] <--Needs to be numbered in a good place when other lessons are written (probably first).

*[[Introduction to basic German verbs]] <--Needs to be numbered in a good place when other lessons are written.

*[[:Image:ABC-Song.ogg|ABC-Song]] - audio file, also [[Image:German alphabet.ogg]]

===[[Introduction_to_German/Input|'''Typing German characters into a computer''']]===
For a PC, you have quick access by typing the following: 
ß - alt+0223 
ä - alt+0228 
ö - alt+0246 
ü - alt+0252 

On a Mac, the commands are as follows: 
ß - ⌥ + s 
ä - ⌥ + u, a 
ö - ⌥ + u, o 
ü - ⌥ + u, u 

Note: the umlaut can be assigned to any vowel by first holding '⌥' and pressing the 'u' key. It will then wait for a vowel key to be pressed.

=== Pronunciation / Alphabet ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Alphabet'''
|-
! German !! English Equivalent !! Typical Pronunciation
|-
| A || Ah || Mall
|-
| B || Beh || (Same as English)
|-
| C || Seh || Rarely (if ever) alone.
|-
| D || Deh || (Same as English) ; "T" when final. (und -> "unt")
|-
| E || Eh || Met
|-
| F || Eff || (Same as English)
|-
| G || Geh || (Same as English) ; "K" when final. (Tag -> "Tak")
|-
| H || Ha || (Same as English)
|-
| I || Ee || Mit ; Meet
|-
| J || Yote || Yellow
|-
| K || Kah || (Same as English)
|-
| L || Ell || (Same as English)
|-
| M || Emm || (Same as English)
|-
| N || En || (Same as English)
|-
| O || Oh || Wrote
|-
| P || Peh || (Same as English)
|-
| Q || Coo || Kv when written with a U (i.e. Quer -> "Kver")
|-
| R || Err || [[w:Voiced uvular fricative|ʁ]]

|-
| S || Ess || Zebra ; Sheep (before P or T)
|-
| T || Teh || (Same as English)
|-
| U || Ooh || Moon
|-
| V || Fau || Fast
|-
| W || Veh || Violin
|-
| X || Ihks / Eeks || Hex
|-
| Y || Oop'-sil-on (derived from Greek Upsilon) || See Ü

|-
| Z || Tset || Cats
|-
| Ä || Ah-oomlaut || Approximately "E" as in met
|-
| Ö || Oh-oomlaut || Approximately "Ur" as in turn
|-
| Ü || Oo-oomlaut || Approximately "Ew" as in few
|-
| ß || Ess-Tset / Scharfes Ess Can be substituted with two s's (Straße or Strasse) Never written capital (Straße becomes STRASSE) || Miss
|}

=== Vocabulary ===

==== Expressions of Time ====
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Specific Time'''
|-
! German !! English
|-
| die Zeit || time
|-
| die Stunde || hour
|-
| die Minute || minute
|-
| die Sekunde || second
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Generic Times'''
|-
! German !! English
|-
| der Tag || day
|-
| der Morgen || morning
|-
| der Mittag || midday/noon
|-
| der Nachmittag|| afternoon
|-
| der Abend || evening
|-
| die Nacht || night
|-
| die Mitternacht || midnight
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Past/Future/Present'''
! German || English
|-
| gestern || yesterday
|-
| heute || today
|-
| morgen || tomorrow
|}

====[[Introduction_to_German/Greetings|'''Common Greetings''']]====

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| Hallo! || Hello!
|-
| guten Morgen || Good Morning
|-
| guten Abend || Good Evening
|-
| gute Nacht || Good Night (Only say if you're going to bed! Use 'Guten Abend' until bedtime. Regardless of the hour.)
|-
| guten Tag || Hello/Good Day
|-
| Tag! || (shorter version of above)
|-
| grüß dich! || Hello (informal/regional)
|-
| Ich heiße... || My name is...
|-
| wie geht's? || How are you?
|-
| was gibt's? || What's up? (Literally: What gives it?) (informal/regional)
|-
| grüß gott! || Hello (Literally: Greet god) (informal/regional, southern germany/austria mainly)
|}

====[[Introduction_to_German/Numbers|'''Numbers''']]====
===== Cardinal Numbers =====
{| class="sort wikitable sortable"
|-
! Number !! German !! English
|-
| 1 || eins || one
|-
| 2 || zwei || two
|-
| 3 || drei || three
|-
| 4 || vier || four
|-
| 5 || fünf || five
|-
| 6 || sechs || six
|-
| 7 || sieben || seven
|-
| 8 || acht || eight
|-
| 9 || neun || nine
|-
| 10 || zehn || ten
|}
*Eleven and twelve are irregular:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| elf || eleven
|-
| zwölf || twelve
|}

*Numbers 13 through 19 are created as follows:
First digit number + 'zehn'
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| dreizehn || thirteen
|-
| vierzehn || fourteen
|-
| fünfzehn || fifteen
|-
| sechzehn || sixteen
|-
| siebzehn || seventeen
|-
| achtzehn || eighteen
|-
| neunzehn || nineteen
|}
Note: The "-s" in "Sechs" and the "-en" in "Sieben" are dropped in the combination.
 
 

===== Double Digits =====
*In German, two digit numbers are created by:
adding the suffix "-zig." (similar to English "-ty").

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| zwanzig|| twenty
|-
| dreißig || thirty
|-
| vierzig || forty
|-
| fünfzig || fifty
|-
| sechzig || sixty
|-
| siebzig || seventy
|-
| achtzig || eighty
|-
| neunzig || ninety
|}
Note: The spellings of zwanzig (20), dreißig (30), sechzig (60), and siebzig (70) are irregular. 

*Two digit numbers that do not end with zero are made as follows:
second digit + und + the number as it would be said if it ended in zero (English Example: 42 / Two and Fourty / twoandfourty / Zwei und vierzig / zweiundvierzig)

Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| einundzwanzig || 21
|-
| siebunddreißig || 37
|-
| sechsundvierzig || 46
|-
| vierundsechzig || 64
|-
| neunundneunzig || 99
|-
|}
*Large numbers are similar to English:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| hundert || 100
|-
| tausend || 1.000
|-
| Million || 1.000.000
|-
| Milliarde || 1.000.000.000
|-
| Trillion || 1.000.000.000.000
|-
|}
Note: Periods (.) are used to divide large numbers into groups of three, as opposed to commas (,).
*Commas are used as decimal points:
1.001 = "one thousand"
1,001 = "one point zero zero one"

===Sports===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| der Amerikanische Fußball || American football
|-
| der Fußball || football/soccer
|-
| der Tischtennis || tabletennis/Pingpong
|-
|}

=== Important verbs ===
Verb tables below
*[[Sein]]
*[[Haben]]
*[[German modal verbs|Modal verbs]]
*[[Regular verbs]]

=== Other Verbs ===
*[[gehen]] to go
*[[machen]] to do
*brauchen- to need
*essen- to eat
*heissen- to be called (as in, "her name is"; "sie heisst Claudia...")
*wissen- to know (knowledge, information)
*kennen- to know (acquaintance)
*spielen- to play
*besuchen- to visit
*laufen- to run
*radfahren- to ride a bike (Separable prefix. Ex. Ich fahre rad. (I ride a bike.))
*lachen = to laugh
*sehen = to see (Stem-changer... for du, er, sie, and es change the first 'e' to 'ie'): Ex. Siehst du mich? (Do you see me?)
*möchten = to would like
*fliegen = to fly
*lieben = to love
*schlafen = to sleep (Stem-changer. Change 'a' to umlauted 'a'.)
*weinen = to cry
*mögen = to like (Stem changer, change umlauted 'o' to 'a' in du, er, sie, and es forms. (Ex. Ich mag Katzen: I like cats.))

===Assignments===

To help you get acquainted with the written language, use this subpage to get in contact with German speaking Wikiversity participants.

==Active participants==
*[[User:Exorcist_bob | Exorcist_bob]]
*[[User:Mjvp13 | MjVP13]]
*[[User:Daniel M. Roberts | Daniel M. Roberts]]
*[[User:HappyCamper|HappyCamper]]
*--[[User:Smithgrrl|Smithgrrl]] 02:38, 5 November 2006 (UTC) Ich spreche Deutsch nicht besonders gut, aber möchte gerne helfen wenn ich kann!
*[[User:Kaiti|Kaiti]] Ich werde wenn ich kann helfen!
*[[User:Enlil Ninlil|Enlil Ninlil]] 04:13, 27 April 2007 (UTC)
[[Category:German]]
[[Category:Introductions]]
[[Category:Multilingual Studies]]

Archive:Introduction to German

2007-07-04T07:59:30Z

74.129.182.66: /* Pronunciation / Alphabet */

Welcome to '''Introduction to German'''.

==Unit Summary==
* '''Course code:''' ALAU101:
* '''Suggested Prerequisites:'''
** ...
* '''Time investment:'''
* '''Assessment suggestions:'''
* '''Faculty:''' Humanities
* '''School:''' [[School:Language and Literature]]
* '''Department:''' [[Topic:Language Aquisition]]
* '''Stream''' [[German Stream]]
* '''Level:''' Beginner

==Content summary==

==Intended outcome==

==Unit materials==

* '''Study guide:'''
* '''Wikipedia article:''' [[w: German_Language ]]

Learning materials and learning projects can be used by multiple departments. Cooperate with other departments that use the same learning resource.
* ...

Learning materials and [[Portal:Learning Projects|learning projects]] are located in the main Wikiversity namespace. Simply make a [[link]] to the name of the lesson (lessons are independent pages in the [[Wikiversity:Namespaces|main namespace]]) and start writing!

===Texts===
An open-ended German book.
*[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/German German wikibook]

===Lessons===
*[[The Pronouns]] <--Needs to be numbered in a good place when other lessons are written (probably first).

*[[Introduction to basic German verbs]] <--Needs to be numbered in a good place when other lessons are written.

*[[:Image:ABC-Song.ogg|ABC-Song]] - audio file, also [[Image:German alphabet.ogg]]

===[[Introduction_to_German/Input|'''Typing German characters into a computer''']]===
For a PC, you have quick access by typing the following: 
ß - alt+0223 
ä - alt+0228 
ö - alt+0246 
ü - alt+0252 

On a Mac, the commands are as follows: 
ß - ⌥ + s 
ä - ⌥ + u, a 
ö - ⌥ + u, o 
ü - ⌥ + u, u 

Note: the umlaut can be assigned to any vowel by first holding '⌥' and pressing the 'u' key. It will then wait for a vowel key to be pressed.

=== Pronunciation / Alphabet ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Alphabet'''
|-
! German !! English Equivalent
|-
| A || Ah
|-
| B || Beh
|-
| C || Seh
|-
| D || Deh
|-
| E || Eh
|-
| F || Eff
|-
| G || Geh
|-
| H || Ha
|-
| I || Ee
|-
| J || Yote
|-
| K || Kah
|-
| L || Ell
|-
| M || Emm
|-
| N || En
|-
| O || Oh
|-
| P || Peh
|-
| Q || Coo
|-
| R || Err
|-
| S || Ess
|-
| T || Teh
|-
| U || Ooh
|-
| V || Fau
|-
| W || Veh
|-
| X || Ihks / Eeks
|-
| Y || Oop'-sil-on (derived from upsilon)
|-
| Z || Tset
|-
| Ä || Ah-oomlaut / Approximately "E" (as in ‘met’)
|-
| Ö || Oh-oomlaut / Approximately "Ur" (as in ‘turn’)
|-
| Ü || Oo-oomlaut / Approximately "Ew" (as in ‘few’)
|-
| ß || Ess-Tset / Scharfes Ess (Can be subistituted with two S's (Straße or Strasse))

|}

=== Vocabulary ===

==== Expressions of Time ====
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Specific Time'''
|-
! German !! English
|-
| die Zeit || time
|-
| die Stunde || hour
|-
| die Minute || minute
|-
| die Sekunde || second
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Generic Times'''
|-
! German !! English
|-
| der Tag || day
|-
| der Morgen || morning
|-
| der Mittag || midday/noon
|-
| der Nachmittag|| afternoon
|-
| der Abend || evening
|-
| die Nacht || night
|-
| die Mitternacht || midnight
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Past/Future/Present'''
! German || English
|-
| gestern || yesterday
|-
| heute || today
|-
| morgen || tomorrow
|}

====[[Introduction_to_German/Greetings|'''Common Greetings''']]====

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| Hallo! || Hello!
|-
| guten Morgen || Good Morning
|-
| guten Abend || Good Evening
|-
| gute Nacht || Good Night (Only say if you're going to bed! Use 'Guten Abend' until bedtime. Regardless of the hour.)
|-
| guten Tag || Hello/Good Day
|-
| Tag! || (shorter version of above)
|-
| grüß dich! || Hello (informal/regional)
|-
| Ich heiße... || My name is...
|-
| wie geht's? || How are you?
|-
| was gibt's? || What's up? (Literally: What gives it?) (informal/regional)
|-
| grüß gott! || Hello (Literally: Greet god) (informal/regional, southern germany/austria mainly)
|}

====[[Introduction_to_German/Numbers|'''Numbers''']]====
===== Cardinal Numbers =====
{| class="sort wikitable sortable"
|-
! Number !! German !! English
|-
| 1 || eins || one
|-
| 2 || zwei || two
|-
| 3 || drei || three
|-
| 4 || vier || four
|-
| 5 || fünf || five
|-
| 6 || sechs || six
|-
| 7 || sieben || seven
|-
| 8 || acht || eight
|-
| 9 || neun || nine
|-
| 10 || zehn || ten
|}
*Eleven and twelve are irregular:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| elf || eleven
|-
| zwölf || twelve
|}

*Numbers 13 through 19 are created as follows:
First digit number + 'zehn'
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| dreizehn || thirteen
|-
| vierzehn || fourteen
|-
| fünfzehn || fifteen
|-
| sechzehn || sixteen
|-
| siebzehn || seventeen
|-
| achtzehn || eighteen
|-
| neunzehn || nineteen
|}
Note: The "-s" in "Sechs" and the "-en" in "Sieben" are dropped in the combination.
 
 

===== Double Digits =====
*In German, two digit numbers are created by:
adding the suffix "-zig." (similar to English "-ty").

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| zwanzig|| twenty
|-
| dreißig || thirty
|-
| vierzig || forty
|-
| fünfzig || fifty
|-
| sechzig || sixty
|-
| siebzig || seventy
|-
| achtzig || eighty
|-
| neunzig || ninety
|}
Note: The spellings of zwanzig (20), dreißig (30), sechzig (60), and siebzig (70) are irregular. 

*Two digit numbers that do not end with zero are made as follows:
second digit + und + the number as it would be said if it ended in zero (English Example: 42 / Two and Fourty / twoandfourty / Zwei und vierzig / zweiundvierzig)

Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| einundzwanzig || 21
|-
| siebunddreißig || 37
|-
| sechsundvierzig || 46
|-
| vierundsechzig || 64
|-
| neunundneunzig || 99
|-
|}
*Large numbers are similar to English:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| hundert || 100
|-
| tausend || 1.000
|-
| Million || 1.000.000
|-
| Milliarde || 1.000.000.000
|-
| Trillion || 1.000.000.000.000
|-
|}
Note: Periods (.) are used to divide large numbers into groups of three, as opposed to commas (,).
*Commas are used as decimal points:
1.001 = "one thousand"
1,001 = "one point zero zero one"

===Sports===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! German !! English
|-
| der Amerikanische Fußball || American football
|-
| der Fußball || football/soccer
|-
| der Tischtennis || tabletennis/Pingpong
|-
|}

=== Important verbs ===
Verb tables below
*[[Sein]]
*[[Haben]]
*[[German modal verbs|Modal verbs]]
*[[Regular verbs]]

=== Other Verbs ===
*[[gehen]] to go
*[[machen]] to do
*brauchen- to need
*essen- to eat
*heissen- to be called (as in, "her name is"; "sie heisst Claudia...")
*wissen- to know (knowledge, information)
*kennen- to know (acquaintance)
*spielen- to play
*besuchen- to visit
*laufen- to run
*radfahren- to ride a bike (Separable prefix. Ex. Ich fahre rad. (I ride a bike.))
*lachen = to laugh
*sehen = to see (Stem-changer... for du, er, sie, and es change the first 'e' to 'ie'): Ex. Siehst du mich? (Do you see me?)
*möchten = to would like
*fliegen = to fly
*lieben = to love
*schlafen = to sleep (Stem-changer. Change 'a' to umlauted 'a'.)
*weinen = to cry
*mögen = to like (Stem changer, change umlauted 'o' to 'a' in du, er, sie, and es forms. (Ex. Ich mag Katzen: I like cats.))

===Assignments===

To help you get acquainted with the written language, use this subpage to get in contact with German speaking Wikiversity participants.

==Active participants==
*[[User:Exorcist_bob | Exorcist_bob]]
*[[User:Mjvp13 | MjVP13]]
*[[User:Daniel M. Roberts | Daniel M. Roberts]]
*[[User:HappyCamper|HappyCamper]]
*--[[User:Smithgrrl|Smithgrrl]] 02:38, 5 November 2006 (UTC) Ich spreche Deutsch nicht besonders gut, aber möchte gerne helfen wenn ich kann!
*[[User:Kaiti|Kaiti]] Ich werde wenn ich kann helfen!
*[[User:Enlil Ninlil|Enlil Ninlil]] 04:13, 27 April 2007 (UTC)
[[Category:German]]
[[Category:Introductions]]
[[Category:Multilingual Studies]]