IdeaWazaWiki - User contributions [en]

Linux server administration

2008-07-13T06:42:09Z

75.66.203.126:

[[Image:Tux.svg|float|right|60px]]
[[Linux server administration]] is one of the [[Topic:server administration|server administration]] [[learning project]]s. Linux server administration studies the use of the [[w:Linux|Linux]] [[Topic:Operating Systems|operating system]] as an all purpose server.

==What is Linux?==
'''[[Operating Systems/GNU-Linux|Linux]]''', or GNU/Linux, refers to any Unix-like computer operating system which uses the Linux kernel. It is one of the most prominent examples of open source development and free software as well as user generated software; its underlying source code is available for anyone to use, modify, and redistribute freely. ''See the [[w:Linux|Linux]] article at Wikipedia for much more information''

==Choosing a distribution==
[[Image:Wikimedia-servers-2006-05-09.svg|thumb|right|200px|The [[m:Wikimedia servers|Wikimedia server farm]]]]
[[w:Linux distribution|Linux distribution]]s are available in a very wide variety. Choosing only one is a difficult task. Popular examples that have been around for a while are [[w:Red Hat Enterprise Linux|Red Hat]], [[w:Debian|Debian]], [[w:Slackware|Slackware]] and [[w:Mandriva Linux|Mandrake]] (now called Mandriva Linux). Others like [[w:Knoppix|Knoppix]], [[w:Ubuntu (Linux distribution)|Ubuntu]] and [[w:SUSE Linux|SUSE]] are also popular choices, but there are many, many others. ''See the [[w:Comparison of Linux distributions|Comparison of Linux distributions]] at Wikipedia for an exhaustive list''

NOTE: Wikiversity runs from [[m:Wikimedia servers|Wikimedia servers]] using several distributions including Red Hat, [[w:Ubuntu|Ubuntu]] and the [[w:Fedora core|Fedora core]].

==See also==
* [[Installing Linux]]

[[Category:Server administration]]
[[Category:Operating Systems]]

Beginner Japanese

2007-07-09T14:33:47Z

75.66.221.181: /* Learning materials */

{{Template:Underconstruction}}
==Learning Project Summary==
* '''Project code:'''
* '''Suggested Prerequisites:'''
** [[Computing in Japanese]]
** [[Introduction to Japanese]]
* '''Time investment:'''
* '''Assessment suggestions:'''
* '''[[Wikiversity:Major portals|Portal]]:''' [[Portal:Humanities|Humanities]]
* '''[[Wikiversity:Schools|School]]:''' [[School:Language and Literature|Language and Literature]]
* '''Department:''' [[Topic:Japanese|Japanese]]
* '''Stream''' [[Japanese stream]]
* '''Level:''' Beginner

==Content summary==

==Goals==

==[[Portal:Learning Materials|Learning materials]]==
{{JapaneseChar}}
'''Note''': The lessons assume you have learned the kana. If you have no idea what ''kana'' means, please go through [[Introduction to Japanese]] first.

===Texts===

* [[Wikibooks:Japanese|Japanese]]
* [http://www.guidetojapanese.org Tae Kim's Japanese Guide to Japanese Grammar]

===Lessons===
====Basic Grammar====
* Lesson 1: [[Japanese Existence and Copula]]
* Lesson 2: [[Particles in Japanese]]
* Lesson 3: [[Japanese Adjectives]]
* Lesson 4: [[Japanese Verbs]]
* Lesson 5: [[Japanese Particles used with Verbs]]
After this point you have learned enough grammar to form simple sentences. Try learning words you find interesting by looking them up in a dictionary such as [[wikt:|wiktionary]]. If you want some guidance try:
:The [[wikt:Wiktionary:Japanese Swadesh list|Japanese Swadesh list]]. A Swadesh list is list of words which are essential to most languages.
:[[b:Japanese:Lessons:Word list 1|A list of basic vocabulary]]
:[[b:Japanese/Vocabulary|Japanese/Vocabulary]] contains vocabulary organized by topic
:[[wikt:Appendix:1000 Japanese basic words|1000 Japanese basic words]]

====Situations====
* Lesson 6: [[Japanese Politeness]]

===Assignments===

====Activities====
*Activity 1. Create stroke order diagrams for [[Requested Kanji Diagrams|these kanji]]

==References==

Additional helpful readings include:

==Active participants==
Active participants in this [[Portal:Learning Projects#Learning Groups|Learning Group]]
* [[User:Balloonguy|Balloonguy]]
* [[User:Pepperboi|Pepperboi]]

[[Category:Japanese]]

Instance dungeon

2007-06-10T06:48:09Z

75.66.187.221:

{{references|date = May 2007}}
In [[MMORPG]]s, an '''instance dungeon''' is a special area, typically a [[dungeon (games)|dungeon]], that generates a new copy, or instance, of the dungeon map for each group that enters the area. This saves server work and ensures that there will never be competition ([[kill stealing]], [[spawn camping]]) over resources such as [[mob (computer gaming)|mobs]] within the instance and that [[player character]]s experience minimum [[lag]].

This also preserves the gaming experience, since some gaming scenarios do not work if the player is continually surrounded by other players, as in a multiplayer setting. Instance dungeons may contain stronger than usual mobs and rare, sought-after equipment. They also may include level restrictions and/or restrict the number of players allowed in each instance to balance gameplay.

Instances were first proposed by [[Richard Garriott]] in the late 1990's as a way to solve a set of related problems which had become obvious in [[Ultima Online]]. The problem is simple to state: everyone wants to be "An Hero" and slay "The Monster", rescue "The Princess" and obtain "The Magic Sword". When there are 2,000 and more players all playing the same game, clearly not everyone can be a hero. The problem of everyone wanting to kill the same monster and gain the best treasure was terribly obvious in the game [[EverQuest]]. The creation of instances largely solves this set of problems. There are few examples of boss camping and kill stealing in [[World of Warcraft]] - because a copy of the dungeon (instance) is always created on demand for you or your party.

Games that have been known to use instancing include:
*''[[Anarchy Online]]''
*''[[City of Heroes]]''/''[[City of Villains]]''
*''[[Dark Age of Camelot]]''
*''[[Dungeon Runners]]''
*''[[EverQuest]]'' (instances added in 2003)
*''[[EverQuest 2]]''
*''[[Final Fantasy XI]]'' (instances added with the Treasures of Aht Urghan expansion)
*''[[Granado Espada]]''
*''[[Guild Wars]]'' (uses instancing for every area where monsters must be fought.)
*''[[Maple Story]]''
*''[[Myst Online: Uru Live]]''
*''[[The Realm Online]]''
*''[[World of Warcraft]]''; see [[Instance (World of Warcraft)]]
*''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Shadows of Angmar]]''

One game known for not using instance dungeons is ''[[EVE Online]]''. Because of the vast amount of space available in the EVE universe, missions for players are created in real space, which any other player could in theory travel to. This allows multiple players to perform the same mission at the same time (in the same manner as an instanced dungeon) but also allows other players to view or participate in the mission, if they discover the location, or if invited to assist by the player who was initially given the mission.

''[[Vanguard: Saga of Heroes]]'' is another game that does not use instance dungeons. However, it is envisioned that, through the Advanced Encounter System (AES), certain "boss" NPCs can be triggered when a group enters an area; this NPC would then be "tagged" to that group, meaning no other players could attack or interact with it. AES was not implemented in the commercial release of ''V:SoH'', but Sigil programmers are reportedly working on it and are planning to release it in a future patch.

In [[RuneScape]], instance dungeons are used mostly in quests, so that other players cannot interfere with the player who is doing the quest, such as battling boss [[NPC]]'s or having to accomplish a special task.

Several games use instancing to scale the [[mob (computer gaming)|mobs]] to the players' levels, and/or the number of players present.

[[Category:Video game gameplay]]
[[Category:Massively multiplayer online role-playing games]]
[[Category:Competitive video gaming]]

{{rpg-videogame-stub}}

[[de:Instanz (Computerspiel)]]
[[fr:Donjon instancié]]