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Ronin Institute

2024-08-17T19:12:07Z

80.41.120.227:

{{Short description|Independent scholarly research institute}}
{{Infobox university
|name = Ronin Institute
|logo =
|logo_size =
|image = Ronin-Seal.jpg
|image_size = 150
|alt =
|caption =
|latin_name =
|campus =
|type = Private research institute
|motto = Scientiam consecemus
|founders = Jon F. Wilkins
|established = 2012
|president =
|chairman =
|head_label =
|head =
|faculty =
|adjunct_faculty =
|staff =
|budget =
|endowment =
|debt =
|subsidiaries =
|owner =
|non-profit_slogan =
|former_name =
|location = [[Montclair, New Jersey]], U.S.
|province =
|coor =
|website = {{URL|http://ronininstitute.org}}
|dissolved =
|footnotes =
}}
The '''Ronin Institute for Independent Scholarship''', commonly called just the '''Ronin Institute''', was an independent scholarly research institute located in [[Montclair, New Jersey]], United States. The institute was dedicated to multidisciplinary study of science and the humanities and supports the work of [[independent scientist]]s and [[scholars]].<ref name=BG>Keith O'Brien, [https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2012/05/26/new-idea-for-unemployed-academics/UUZOGe1KNWvUXDl7Yae1IL/story.html "The Ronin Institute for Wayward Academics"], ''Boston Globe'', May 27, 2012</ref>

The institute consisted of research scholars from a range of fields and disciplines, such as [[computational economics]], [[high energy physics]], [[earth sciences]], [[theology]], [[law]], [[history]] and [[philosophy]].<ref name=Wired/> The majority were independent, while others held [[Academic personnel|faculty appointments]] at traditional universities. The institute met regularly for seminars, conferences, and grants management.<ref name=Ronin/>

==History==

In 2012, Jon F. Wilkins, an [[evolutionary biology|evolutionary biologist]], and former member of the [[Harvard Society of Fellows]] and [[Santa Fe Institute]], founded the Ronin Institute in New Jersey. The institute's original mission was to aggregate "fractional scholarship" happening outside the academy by creating a new model to support independent researchers.<ref name=Wired>Samuel Arbesman, [https://www.wired.com/2012/05/the-rise-of-fractional-scholarship-and-the-ronin-institute/ "The Rise of Fractional Scholarship and the Ronin Institute"], ''Wired.com'', May 1, 2012</ref>

According to its official mission, the institute remains "devoted to facilitating and promoting scholarly research outside traditional academic research institutions"<ref name=Ronin>Ronin Institute, [http://ronininstitute.org/mission/ ''Mission''], Organizational Website, accessed September 2020</ref> and providing an alternative to the traditional [[academic job market|academic career path]] and [[academic tenure|tenure track]] appointments.<ref name=BG/>

The name "Ronin" derives from the legend of [[Rōnin]]: samurais who broke with the code of feudal Japan by refusing to commit suicide upon the deaths of their masters. According to Wilkins, the metaphor is analogous to scholars who leave the academy, but continue to pursue scholarly research:
{{Quote|The analogy is, if you're not employed by a university and you're an academic, you're supposed to say, 'Well, I'm not an academic anymore.' You're supposed to sort of commit professional suicide at that point. And what we're saying is, 'You know what? No, we can do this. We don't need a master.'<ref name=BG/>}}

==Organization==

The institute is governed by a board of directors with grants and financial administration and a community-level advisory board. Each member of the advisory board leads a working group that focuses on one essential aspect of the community: governance, communications, events, infrastructure, membership, and research.<ref name=Ronin/>

The institute has a single academic rank, the "Research Scholar", to create a more egalitarian structure. Research Scholars meet virtually and in-person, with researchers from 33 countries.<ref name=Wired/>

==Funding==

==Notable scholars==
{{More citations needed section|date=May 2022}}
*[[Lee Altenberg]], evolutionary theory
*[[Laurel Haak]], research policy
*[[:pl:Arkadiusz Jadczyk|Arkadiusz Jadczyk]], quantum theory<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ronininstitute.org/research-scholars/arkadiusz-jadczyk/ |title=Arkadiusz Jadczyk – Ronin Institute |access-date=2022-05-11 |website=Ronin Institute |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007175745/http://ronininstitute.org/research-scholars/arkadiusz-jadczyk/ |archive-date=2021-10-07 |url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[Diane Kelly (scientist)]], neuroscience
*[[Kristina Killgrove]], biological anthropology
*[[Marios Kyriazis]], biology and aging
*[[Jocelyn Scheirer]], technology
*[[Anders Söderholm]], organization theory
*[[Ayush Dogra]], 2D Vision

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Official website|http://ronininstitute.org/}}

{{Authority control}}

{{Coord missing|New Jersey}}

[[Category:Research institutes in New Jersey]]
[[Category:2012 establishments in New Jersey]]
[[Category:Montclair, New Jersey]]
[[Category:Research institutes established in 2012]]

Ronin Institute

2024-08-17T19:10:33Z

80.41.120.227:

{{Short description|Independent scholarly research institute}}
{{Infobox university
|name = Ronin Institute
|logo =
|logo_size =
|image = Ronin-Seal.jpg
|image_size = 150
|alt =
|caption =
|latin_name =
|campus =
|type = Private research institute
|motto = Scientiam consecemus
|founders = Jon F. Wilkins
|established = 2012
|president =
|chairman =
|head_label =
|head =
|faculty =
|adjunct_faculty =
|staff =
|budget =
|endowment =
|debt =
|subsidiaries =
|owner =
|non-profit_slogan =
|former_name =
|location = [[Montclair, New Jersey]], U.S.
|province =
|coor =
|website = {{URL|http://ronininstitute.org}}
|dissolved =
|footnotes =
}}
The '''Ronin Institute for Independent Scholarship''', commonly called just the '''Ronin Institute''', was an independent scholarly research institute located in [[Montclair, New Jersey]], United States. The institute was dedicated to multidisciplinary study of science and the humanities and supports the work of [[independent scientist]]s and [[scholars]].<ref name=BG>Keith O'Brien, [https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2012/05/26/new-idea-for-unemployed-academics/UUZOGe1KNWvUXDl7Yae1IL/story.html "The Ronin Institute for Wayward Academics"], ''Boston Globe'', May 27, 2012</ref>

The institute consisted of research scholars from a range of fields and disciplines, such as [[computational economics]], [[high energy physics]], [[earth sciences]], [[theology]], [[law]], [[history]] and [[philosophy]].<ref name=Wired/> The majority are independent, while others held [[Academic personnel|faculty appointments]] at traditional universities. The institute met regularly for seminars, conferences, and grants management.<ref name=Ronin/>

==History==

In 2012, Jon F. Wilkins, an [[evolutionary biology|evolutionary biologist]], and former member of the [[Harvard Society of Fellows]] and [[Santa Fe Institute]], founded the Ronin Institute in New Jersey. The institute's original mission was to aggregate "fractional scholarship" happening outside the academy by creating a new model to support independent researchers.<ref name=Wired>Samuel Arbesman, [https://www.wired.com/2012/05/the-rise-of-fractional-scholarship-and-the-ronin-institute/ "The Rise of Fractional Scholarship and the Ronin Institute"], ''Wired.com'', May 1, 2012</ref>

According to its official mission, the institute remains "devoted to facilitating and promoting scholarly research outside traditional academic research institutions"<ref name=Ronin>Ronin Institute, [http://ronininstitute.org/mission/ ''Mission''], Organizational Website, accessed September 2020</ref> and providing an alternative to the traditional [[academic job market|academic career path]] and [[academic tenure|tenure track]] appointments.<ref name=BG/>

The name "Ronin" derives from the legend of [[Rōnin]]: samurais who broke with the code of feudal Japan by refusing to commit suicide upon the deaths of their masters. According to Wilkins, the metaphor is analogous to scholars who leave the academy, but continue to pursue scholarly research:
{{Quote|The analogy is, if you're not employed by a university and you're an academic, you're supposed to say, 'Well, I'm not an academic anymore.' You're supposed to sort of commit professional suicide at that point. And what we're saying is, 'You know what? No, we can do this. We don't need a master.'<ref name=BG/>}}

==Organization==

The institute is governed by a board of directors with grants and financial administration and a community-level advisory board. Each member of the advisory board leads a working group that focuses on one essential aspect of the community: governance, communications, events, infrastructure, membership, and research.<ref name=Ronin/>

The institute has a single academic rank, the "Research Scholar", to create a more egalitarian structure. Research Scholars meet virtually and in-person, with researchers from 33 countries.<ref name=Wired/>

==Funding==

==Notable scholars==
{{More citations needed section|date=May 2022}}
*[[Lee Altenberg]], evolutionary theory
*[[Laurel Haak]], research policy
*[[:pl:Arkadiusz Jadczyk|Arkadiusz Jadczyk]], quantum theory<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ronininstitute.org/research-scholars/arkadiusz-jadczyk/ |title=Arkadiusz Jadczyk – Ronin Institute |access-date=2022-05-11 |website=Ronin Institute |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007175745/http://ronininstitute.org/research-scholars/arkadiusz-jadczyk/ |archive-date=2021-10-07 |url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[Diane Kelly (scientist)]], neuroscience
*[[Kristina Killgrove]], biological anthropology
*[[Marios Kyriazis]], biology and aging
*[[Jocelyn Scheirer]], technology
*[[Anders Söderholm]], organization theory
*[[Ayush Dogra]], 2D Vision

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Official website|http://ronininstitute.org/}}

{{Authority control}}

{{Coord missing|New Jersey}}

[[Category:Research institutes in New Jersey]]
[[Category:2012 establishments in New Jersey]]
[[Category:Montclair, New Jersey]]
[[Category:Research institutes established in 2012]]

Muscle

2007-07-17T23:33:11Z

80.41.230.242: /* Origin and Insertion */

[[Image:Anterior Hip Muscles 2.PNG|right|200px]]
'''Muscles''' are comprised of [[w:Fascicles|fascicles]], which are bundles of muscle fibers. Surrounding each fascicle, and holding it together, is a layer of connective tissue known as the [[w:perimysium|perimysium]]. [[w:endomysium|Endomysium]] surrounds each muscle fiber, and [[w:epimysium|epimysium]] surrounds the muscle itself.

Penetrating the muscle, are arteries, veins, and nerve fibers.

There are three types of muscle:
*[[w:Skeletal_muscle|Skeletal]]: Under voluntary nervous control.
*[[w:Cardiac_muscle|Cardiac]]: Found only in the heart, specialised and autonomous. The nervous system has the ability to effect changes globally. <ref>http://www.sinc.sunysb.edu/Stu/ltriolo/</ref>
*[[w:Smooth_muscle|Smooth or visceral]]: Smooth or visceral: Not under voluntary nervous control. Found in blood vessels, digestive system, etc.

==Origin and Insertion==

Muscles are usually partly described by their origin at one end and insertion at the other. These are points of the muscle that attach to bones: the origin being the point that moves least under contraction and the insertion being the end that moves most. The origin is usually more proximal and the insertion more distal. If a muscle arises from more than one place (as in the biceps or triceps), we say that it has two (or possibly more) heads.

[[Category:Pages moved from Wikibooks]]
[[Category:Anatomy]]
[[Category:Introductions]]

== References ==
<references />

Archive:Anshu Jain

2007-02-10T16:52:11Z

80.41.56.230:

'''Anshu Jain'''(* [[1963]] in [[Jaipur]] , [[Rajastan]]) is an [[India]]n financier. He is the head of global markets at [[Deutsche Bank]].

He was ranked second in the '''''eFinancialNews''''' article ''100 Most Influential People''.

He studied economics at the university in [[New Delhi]] and graduated in [[1983]]. He continued with an MBA at the university of Massachusetts Amherst until [[1985]].
After having finished university he started as analyst at Kidder Peabody&Co. ( today part of [[UBS]]).Three years later he joined [[Merril Lynch]] where he became a managing director. In [[1995]] he left Merril Lynch together with his mentor [[Edson Mitchell]] to join [[Deutsche Bank]]. Since 31st January [[2001]] he is in the Deutsche Bank group executive committee (GEC)
head of the division "global markets".In the five years in which he has been a leading investment banker at [[Deutsche Bank]] his company division earned 16 bln Euro net, without all bonus payments (16 000 000 000 €).The German business journal [[Wirtschaftswoche]] estimates that Jains division earned about 50% of the total profit of [[Deutsche Bank]] in [[2005]].

In his sparetime, he captains Deutsche Bank's cricket team and is known as a keen amateur photographer.He lives with his family ( wife and two children) in the West of [[London]].

As his name suggests, he is a member of the tiny Hindu sect of [[ Jains]]
many of whom have, over the centuries , gained wealth through good education.

==External links==
*[http://www.efinancialnews.com/index.cfm?page=fn100&c=02 Profile on efinancialnews.com]

{{India-business-bio-stub}}

[[de:Anshu Jain]]

Archive:Nuvola

2006-08-11T09:54:02Z

80.41.209.134: rm selfref

'''Nuvola''' (from [[italian language|Italian]] "[[cloud]]", Nuvola as evolution of the SKY icon theme) is a [[free software]] / [[open-source software]] [[icon (computing)|icon]] set drawn by [[David Vignoni]]. Originally created for [[desktop environment]]s like [[KDE]] and [[GNOME]], it was repackaged for [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]]{{fact}} and [[Apple Macintosh|Macintosh]]. The final version, 1.0, contains almost 600 icons. The default set is in the [[PNG]] graphics format; an [[Scalable Vector Graphics|SVG]] version is also available.

The application icons, in particular, colourfully represent a wide variety of commonplace and easily-recognized objects. Most icons are [[blue]], but other colours are present as well.

It's released under terms of [[GNU LGPL]] 2.1.

== Uses ==
Besides [[KDE]] and [[GNOME]], ''Nuvola'' is used by the [[Gaim]] instant messaging client and the [[Amarok (audio)|Amarok]] media player.

== Examples of icons ==
<gallery>
Image:Nuvola apps personal.png
Image:Nuvola apps package_toys.png
Image:Nuvola apps klettres.png
Image:Nuvola devices 3floppy_unmount.png
Image:Nuvola apps kcalc.png
Image:Nuvola apps core.png
Image:Nuvola apps kpaint.png
Image:Nuvola apps important.svg
Image:Nuvola mimetypes tar.png
Image:Nuvola apps edu science.png
Image:Nuvola mimetypes source.png
Image:Nuvola apps atlantik.png
Image:Nuvola apps kopete.png
Image:Nuvola filesystems trashcan_full.png
Image:Nuvola filesystems www.png
Image:Nuvola devices cdrom_unmount.png
Image:Nuvola filesystems folder_red_open.png
Image:Nuvola filesystems services.png
Image:Nuvola devices ipod.png
Image:Nuvola devices mouse.png
Image:Nuvola devices joystick.png
Image:Nuvola devices usbpendrive_unmount.png
Image:Nuvola apps konquest.png
Image:Nuvola apps package games strategy.png
Image:Nuvola apps kpovmodeler.png
Image:Nuvola apps colors.png
Image:Nuvola mimetypes pdf.png
Image:Nuvola apps kate.png
Image:Nuvola apps bookcase.png
Image:Nuvola apps knewsletter.png
</gallery>

== External links ==
{{commons|Nuvola}}
* [http://icon-king.com/?p=15 Nuvola page] at icon-king.com, David Vignoni’s website, with the KDE PNG version.
* [http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sources/gnome-themes-extras/0.9/gnome-themes-extras-0.9.0.tar.gz GNOME SVG version].

[[Category:Icons|Nuvola]]
[[Category:Free software]]

[[fr:Nuvola]]