View source for Spanish/School

==Chapter 4 (School)==
===Schedule===
*'''almuerzo''' - lunch
*'''clase''' - class
*'''clase de...''' - ...class
*'''matemáticas''' - math (mathematics)
*'''ciencias sociales''' - social studies
*'''banda''' - band
*'''educación física''' - PE (physical education)
*'''inglés''' - English
*'''arte''' - art
*'''tecnología''' - computers (technology)
*'''drama''' - drama
*'''ciencias naturales''' - science
*'''español''' - Spanish
*'''historia''' - history
*'''álgebra''' - algebra
*'''horario''' - schedule
*'''en la...hora''' - in the...hour (class period)
*'''tarea''' - homework

===School verbs===
*'''enseñar''' - to teach
*'''estudiar''' - to study
*'''hablar''' - to talk

===Words to talk about order===
*'''primero(a)''' - first
*'''segundo(a)''' - second
*'''tercero(a)''' - third
*'''cuarto(a)''' - fourth
*'''quinto(a)''' - fifth
*'''sexto(a)''' - sixth
*'''séptimo(a)''' - seventh
*'''octavo(a)''' - eighth
*'''noveno(a)''' - ninth
*'''décimo(a)''' - tenth

===School supplies===
*'''calculadora''' - calculator
*'''carpeta de argollas''' - three-ring binder
*'''diccionario''' - dictionary
*'''necesito''' - I need
*'''necesitas''' - you need

===Words to describe classes===
*'''aburrido(a)''' - boring
*'''difícil''' - difficult
*'''divertido(a)''' - amusing
*'''fácil''' - easy
*'''favorito(a)''' - favorite
*'''interesante''' - interesting
*'''práctico(a)''' - practical
*'''más...que''' - more...than

===Other words===
*'''a ver...''' - Let's see
*'''¿Quién?''' - Who?
*'''para''' - for
*'''mucho''' - a lot, much
*'''tengo''' - I have
*'''tienes''' - you have

===Pronouns===
Pronouns are essential to the Spanish language and mastering them will be very useful in the language. In Spanish, there are 6 types of pronouns.

*'''yo''' - I 
*'''tú''' - you (familiar)
*'''usted (Ud.)''' - you (formal)
*'''él''' - he
*'''ella''' - she
*'''nosotros''' - we (masculine)
*'''nosotras''' - we (feminine)
*'''vosotros''' - you (plural, familiar, masculine)
*'''vosotras''' - you (plural, familiar, feminine)
*'''ustedes (Uds.)''' - you (plural, formal)
*'''ellos''' - they (masculine)
*'''ellas''' - they (feminine)

The 6 types of pronouns in Spanish are:

1st person singular: yo

2nd person singular: tú, usted (Ud.)

3rd person singular: él, ella

1st person plural: nosotros, nosotras

2nd person plural: vosotros, vosotras, ustedes (Uds.)

3rd person plural: ellos, ellas

====Notes====
- The masculine form of the plural pronouns is always used if there is a masculine object, for example, even they're 100 females and only 1 male, ''ellos'' is used when talking about the crowd.

- ''Vosotros'' and ''Vosotras'', the English equivalent of "y'all" are mainly used in Spain, but they are also used in Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay at a lesser extant and rarely in the United States. For the rest of the Spanish-speaking world, use ''Ustedes (Uds.)'', which is the formal way of saying you (plural) in all Spanish-speaking countries.

===Conjugating -ar verbs===
The majority of verbs in Spanish end in ''-ar'', such as ''bailar'', ''cantar'', and ''hablar''. Conjugating verbs replaces the ''to'' part of the word and adds the pronouns in.

Below is the list of endings for conjugating -ar verbs.

-yo: -o

-tú: -as

-usted (Ud.), él, ella: -a

-nosotros, nosotras: -amos

-vosotros, vosotras: -áis

-ustedes (Uds.), ellos, ellas: - an

Note: Usted and ustedes use the 3rd person form of conjugation.

An example of conjugating -ar verbs, using ''hablar'':
*'''hablo''' - I talk
*'''hablas''' - you talk (singular)
*'''habla''' - he/she talks
*'''hablamos''' - we talk
*'''habláis''' - you talk (plural)
*'''hablan''' - they talk

Remember that when talking to a person you don't know well or a respected person, use the usted (Ud.) form and ustedes (Uds.) form when talking to a group of people where there is at least one person you call usted individually.

===Vocabulario adicional===
*'''biología''' - biology
*'''geografía''' - geography
*'''geometría''' - geometry
*'''química''' - chemistry
*'''trigonometría''' - trigonometry
*'''francés''' - French
*'''cálculo''' - calculus
*'''economía''' - economics
*'''alemán''' - German
*'''latín''' - Latin
*'''anuario''' - yearbook
*'''fotografía''' - photography

===Cultural Insight (Schoolife in Spanish-speaking countries)===
In Spanish-speaking countries, schoolife is very different from that in North American English-speaking countries. Schools in Spanish-speaking countries require students to wear uniforms and teachers usually lecture more than having students participate in the classroom. Also, children in Spanish-speaking countries go to school more often than those in North - American English-speaking countries, children in Spain attend school for 190 days, Argentina for 185 days, while the United States schoolyear lasts 180 days. Schooldays in Spanish-speaking countries also last longer than those in other countries, usually having at least 6-7 periods a day, the former common in the USA as well.

===Country focus (República Dominicana)===
[[Image:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg|150px|right]]
The '''Dominican Republic''' (Spanish: República Dominicana) is a nation located in the Caribbean region's island of Hispaniola. Part of the Greater Antilles archipelago, Hispaniola lies west of Puerto Rico and east of Cuba and Jamaica. Its western third is the nation of Haiti, making Hispaniola one of two Caribbean islands that are occupied by two countries, Saint Martin being the other.

The Dominican Republic is the site of the first permanent European settlement in the Americas, its capital Santo Domingo, which was also the first colonial capital in the Americas. It is the site of the first cathedral, university, European-built road, European-built fortress, and more.

For most of its independent history, the nation experienced political turmoil and unrest, suffering through many non-representative and tyrannical governments. Since the death of military dictator Rafael Leonidas Trujillo Molina in 1961, the Dominican Republic has moved toward a liberal economic model which has made it the largest economy in the region and a representative democracy.

[[Image:LocationDominicanRepublic.png|noframe|150px|right]]

The culture of the Dominican Republic, like its Caribbean neighbors, is a blend of the European colonists, Taínos and Africans, and their cultural legacies and like nearby Cuba, it's culture is usually expressed through music and cuisine.

[[Image:Fortalesa.jpg|thumb|150px|left|Fortaleza Ozama, one of the historic destinations in Santo Domingo]]

'''Factbox''':

-Official Language: Spanish

-Other Languages: French, Haitian Creole, English

-Capital: Santo Domingo (Santo Domingo de Guzmán)

-Government: Democracy

-Area: 48,730 sq km (18,815 sq mi) (130th)

-Population: 9,760,000 (July 2008) (82nd)
 
-Religion: Christianity (mostly Catholic) 96%, Animism 2.18%, Buddhism 0.1%, other (Bahá'í, Islam, Judaism, Non-religious) 1.72%

-Human Development: 0.779 (79th, MEDIUM)

[[Image:07-05-11LagoEnriquilloDR.jpg|150px|thumb|View of rural Dominican Republic.]]

-Independence: February 27, 1844

-Currency: Dominican Peso

{{sp1}}