View source for Icons of American culture

[[File:Pat Devlin (American football).jpg|thumb|right|[[American football]]]]
'''Icons of American culture''' encompass many kinds of cultural expression. Iconic status is hard to define but readily recognized as symbolizing the culture, history and heritage of the United States. Images, music, historic events and legends, vehicles, places and ideas may all be symbolic of the American way of life, its roots and the contemporary national identity. Icons deal not just with nostalgia, although that is an important component. The United States developed as a melting-pot of different cultures, and symbols of the new nation played a vital part in developing a sense of unity as a nation.<ref>[http://primus.arts.u-szeged.hu/american/americana/volIno1/borthaiser.htm  John Belton, ''American Cinema/American Culture'': "[In the 20th century&#93; a coherent national identity had to be maintained (or re-created?) and it was precisely the American cinema that served as a kind of social bridge".]</ref> In the twentieth century, regardless of political reality, American culture influenced every country in the world by exporting powerful symbols of unity and gratification: a comfortable life with many desirable possessions. In the modern world iconic images remain hugely important.

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==Themes==
''This article is not a list of icons, but an outline for expansion.''

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File:Liberty-statue-from-below.jpg|'''Liberty''': ''"Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free"''. America as a refuge from poverty and religious persecution: despite stringent [[immigration control]], the image of America as a place of refuge persists.

File:Apple Pie ABC 01.JPG|'''The home and folk art''': 'As American as apple pie'. [[Apple pie]] is common worldwide, but connotations of family and home are strictly local. Apples are not native to North America, and were therefore prized by the early settlers.

File:North_American_animals.jpg|'''Untamed wilderness''': a fresh start with limitless possibilities.

File:American progress.JPG|'''The pioneers''': [[westward expansion]], prevailing over hardship.

File:Buffalo bill wild west show c1898.jpg|''' [[Old West|The Wild West]]''', where inherited civilized values regulated a society living with extreme change and primitive conditions.

File:American-cities-145.jpg|'''The [[Depression]] and [[Prohibition]]''': surviving adversity under different circumstances.

File:Barnum & Bailey greatest show on Earth poster.jpg|'''Consumption and commerce''': the biggest show on earth. Bigger and better.<ref>Icons of American Popular Culture: From P.T. Barnum to Jennifer Lopez, by Robert C. Cotrell, M.E. Sharpe 2009. ISBN: 978-0765622983. See 'Democratic Showmen: James Gordon Bennett and P.T. Barnum'</ref>

File:1923 Ford Model T Roadster 3b36638r.jpg|'''Vehicles and transportation''': [[Henry Ford]] pioneered the large-scale [[production line]], and thereby the affordable personal automobile.

File:Currier and Ives Brooklyn Bridge2.jpg|'''Buildings and places''': [[Brooklyn Bridge]] in [[New York City]]. Images of America are widely promoted by film and television.<ref>Icons of American Architecture [Two Volumes]: From the Alamo to the World Trade Center, by Donald Langmead, Heinemann Educational Books ISBN: 9780313342073. See Vol 1 Chapter 3</ref>

File:Fireman carry Army.jpg|'''Superior force''': the [[United States Army|US military]], instantly recognizable.

File:Humvees in Iraq.jpg|'''[[Humvee]]''': the popularity of the civilian [[Hummer]] is no coincidence. Film stars and rock music stations can afford the real thing, the [[Hummer H1]]: [[Arnold Schwartzenegger]] was the first civilian customer to own a civilian version of the military model.<ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4188/is_20060513/ai_n16369662 Deseret News (Salt Lake City), May 13, 2006: Hummer H1 is history — GM won't make model after 2006]</ref>.

File:American Chopper 75873.jpg|'''Gangsters and outlaws''': the [[Chopper (motorcycle)|chopper]], once representative of rebellion (as in [[Easy Rider]]), now a full-blown American icon.

File:Looking northeast at Third Avenue Elevated over Cross Bronx Expressway.jpg|'''The urban jungle'''<ref>''Cities of Tomorrow: An Intellectual History of Urban Planning and Design in the Twentieth Century'' by Peter Hall: WileyBlackwell 2002, ISBN 978-0631232520</ref>: danger and decay. The 'hip city' as mythologized by [[Chester Himes]] among others.<ref>[http://www.americanpopularculture.com/journal/articles/spring_2009/nelson.htm Chester Himes, the hip city.]</ref>

File:Hollywood Bl 6100.JPG|'''[[Hollywood]]''': the film industry has produced more icons than any other branch of American culture.<ref>[http://www.univie.ac.at/Anglistik/aaas/conferences/icons/keynote.htm "Astaire and Rogers: Icons of American Screen Romance", keynote lecture synopsis, Austrian Association for American Studies]</ref>

File:Mockingbirdfirst.JPG|'''Literature''': '[[To Kill a Mockingbird]]' by [[Harper Lee]], still studied in schools<ref>''To Read a Mockingbird''. Library Journal (New York) 129 (14): 13.. 1 September 2004</ref> represents fairness in conflict with prejudice.

File:ChuckBerry1997.jpg|'''Music''': [[Chuck Berry]] in concert, 1997. The development of black music into [[jazz]] and then [[rock and roll]] established US artists in the forefront of popularity worldwide.

File:American flag at 2008 US Open.jpg|The [[Flag of the United States|flag]], a national obsession.

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==See also==

* [[Culture of the United States]]
* [[Americana]]

==Notes==
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==External references==
*[http://www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1710248.html Online essay on American icons (extract)]
*[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=dvag7r4d5K4C&pg=PA2&lpg=PA2&dq=icons+of+american+culture&source=bl&ots=OtL-1InyUy&sig=33jr0lESd1dYZDUGNtp8l6i1yP4&hl=en&ei=Cet5SrOOE4XT-Qaam9nIBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2#v=onepage&q=&f=false
Extract from  Robert Johnson, Mythmaking and Contemporary American Culture (Music in American Life) by Patricia Schroeder (Hardcover - 31 Aug 2004) ISBN: 978-0252029158. "For Emerson, representative characters are model citizens who embody cultural ideas"]
*[http://hss.fullerton.edu/amst/thesisabstracts.asp California State University, Fullerton: Synopsis of thesis on cars as icons in American culture.
*[http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,219864,00.html Fox News, Mecca-Cola and other versions of iconic products.
*American Icons: An Encyclopedia of the People, Places, and Things that Have Shaped Our Culture by Susan Grove Hall (Editor), Greenwood Publishing Group, Incorporated. ISBN: 9780275984212.
*The Hamburger: A History (Icons of America), by Josh Ozersky, Yale University Press 2008. ISBN: 978-0300117585.

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