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	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}

	~~{{Animal Farm}}~~

	[[Category:Animal Farm]]		[[Category:Animal Farm]]
	[[Category:Fictional poems]]		[[Category:Fictional poems]]
	[[Category:1945 songs]]		[[Category:1945 songs]]

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[[George Orwell]]'s [[allegory|allegorical]] novel ''[[Animal Farm]]'' contains various anthems adopted by the eponymous farm, most notably the original anthem "Beasts of England" and its later replacement "Comrade Napoleon".

This change is used to show the corruption of the principles of the [[Animalism_(Animal_Farm)#Animalism|animals' rebellion]] by Animal Farm's leader [[Napoleon (Animal Farm)|Napoleon]]. Both the ''The Internationale'' and "Beasts of England" reflected the principals of [[Marxism]] and [[Animalism_(Animal_Farm)#Animalism|Animalism]], respectively. Their replacement by different anthems reflect how these ideologies were arguably distorted by Stalin and Napoleon and thus had to be replaced and suppressed.

The development corresponds to the historical events of 1943, when [[Joseph Stalin]] had ''[[The Internationale]]'', hitherto anthem of the [[Soviet Union]], replaced with a [[National Anthem of the Soviet Union|new, more patriotic national anthem]]. However, while "Beasts of England" was outlawed in the novel, ''The Internationale'' was not banned by the Soviet Union at any time and remained as the anthem of the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Communist Party]].

=="Beasts of England"==

"Beasts of England", the original anthem of the ''Animal farm'' corresponds to the famous [[socialism|socialist]] anthem, ''[[The Internationale]]'', but also alludes to [[Percy Bysshe Shelley|Shelley]]'s ''[[Men of England]]''.

In the book, the pig [[Old Major]] explains his dream of an animal-controlled society three nights before his death.

:''Beasts of England, Beasts of Ireland, Beasts of every land and clime, Hearken to my joyful tidings Of the Golden future time.''

:''Soon or late the day is coming, Tyrant Man shall be o'erthrown, And the fruitful fields of England Shall be trod by beasts alone.''

:''Rings shall vanish from our noses, And the harness from our back, Bit and spur shall rust forever, Cruel whips no more shall crack.''

:''Riches more than mind can picture, Wheat and barley, oats and hay, Clover, beans and mangel-wurzels Shall be ours upon that day.''

:''Bright will shine the fields of England, Purer shall its waters be, Sweeter yet shall blow its breezes On the day that sets us free.''

:''For that day we all must labour, Though we die before it break; Cows and horses, geese and turkeys, All must toil for freedom's sake.''

:''Beasts of England, Beasts of Ireland, Beasts of every land and clime, Hearken well, and spread my tidings Of the Golden future time.''<ref name="Beasts">Orwell, Animal Farm, pp. 9–10.</ref>

The animals sing "Beasts of England" frequently after the rebellion, especially after meetings. At one point when Clover the horse questions the direction of Animal Farm, she sings "Beasts of England" which causes the other animals to join in. (The song's tune is described in the novel as sounding like a combination of "[[La Cucaracha]]" and "[[Oh My Darling, Clementine]]".)

After "Beasts of England" has been used to express criticism of the direction of Animal Farm, [[Napoleon (Animal Farm)|Napoleon]] tries to supplant the song, arguing that such an anthem is antiquated and no longer needed after the rebellion has been completed. The anthem is first replaced by the short "Animal Farm!" and later by "Comrade Napoleon", while "Beasts of England" is eventually outlawed. The phasing out of "Beasts of England" as the anthem of Animal Farm corresponds to the Soviet Union's 1944 replacement of ''The Internationale'' with the [[National Anthem of the Soviet Union]].

=="Animal Farm!"==

"Animal Farm!" is the anthem first replacing "Beasts of England" after Squealer manages to convince the other animals that the original anthem is not required. Its purpose is to inspire loyalty to the farm, and also to the new leadership. Minimus the poet composes a short, new anthem which starts:

:''Animal Farm, Animal Farm,
:''Never through me shall thou come to harm!''

But it is noted that it wasn't as entirely as good as "Beasts of England."

=="Comrade Napoleon"==

As Napoleon became more powerful, he replaced "Animal Farm!" with another anthem, again written by Minimus. The anthem praised and glorified Napoleon, attributing many of the successes on the farm to him, even though he had little or no role in them. The poem marked the general happy feeling towards the rule of Napoleon at the time in the book and was painted on the wall of the big barn opposite the [[Seven Commandments]]. It was surrounded by a portrait of Napoleon drawn by [[Squealer (Animal Farm)|Squealer]] in white paint.

:''Friend of fatherless! Fountain of happiness! Lord of the swill-bucket! Oh, how my soul is on Fire when I gaze at thy Calm and commanding eye, Like the sun in the sky, Comrade Napoleon!''

:''Thou art the giver of All that thy creatures love, Full belly twice a day, clean straw to roll upon; Every beast big and small Sleeps at peace in his stall, Thou watchest over all, Comrade Napoleon!''

:''Had I a sucking-pig, Ere he had grown as big Even as a pint bottle or as a rolling-pin, He should have learned to be Faithful and true to thee, Yes, his first squeak should be "Comrade Napoleon!"''

==1999 film adaptation==
In the [[Animal Farm (1999 film)|1999 film adaptation]], "Beasts of England" is retitled "Beasts of the World" and "Comrade Napoleon" is replaced by a song titled "Beloved Leader Napoleon", put to the tune of the Russian song "[[V Put]]":

:''Beloved leader Napoleon, [[fear]]less faithful guardian! Proud and strong, protect us from the wrong, you will defend us with your lofty trotter.''

:''Our [[pig]]s, our pigs, our pigs: there is no beast that’s braver! They will not ever waver! They face the fight, for right with might Glorious, great and triumphant, gallant hero resilient! Proud and strong, protect us from the wrong, you will defend us with your lofty trotter'' ''Our pigs, our pigs, our pigs.''

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Animal Farm}}

[[Category:Animal Farm]]
[[Category:Fictional poems]]
[[Category:1945 songs]]

Anthems in Animal Farm - Revision history

wikademia>Eme at 04:38, 20 June 2013

wikademia>Eme: by http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anthems_in_Animal_Farm&action=edit