Archive:Kurukh phonology - Revision history

Waza: Remove deletion notice

2026-09-29T06:48:10Z

Remove deletion notice

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:48, 29 September 2026
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	{{Short description\|Sound system of the Kurukh language}}		{{Short description\|Sound system of the Kurukh language}}
	{{main\|Kurukh language}}		{{main\|Kurukh language}}
	~~<!-- Please do not remove or change this AfD message until the discussion has been closed. -->~~
	~~{{Article for deletion/dated\|page=Kurukh phonology\|timestamp=20260923050151\|year=2026\|month=September\|day=23\|substed=yes\|help=off}}~~
	~~<!-- Once discussion is closed, please place on talk page: {{Old AfD multi\|page=Kurukh phonology\|date=23 September 2026\|result='''keep'''}} -->~~
	~~<!-- End of AfD message, feel free to edit beyond this point -->~~
	~~{{Self reference\|For assistance with IPA transcriptions of Kurukh for Wikipedia articles, see [[Help:IPA/Kurukh]].}}~~
	~~{{IPA notice}}~~
	The '''phonology of Kurukh''' (also spelled as [[Kurux language\|Kurukh]] or Oraon) consists of a simple five-vowel system with short and long pairs, along with a consonant inventory that separates [[Dental consonant\|dental]] and [[Retroflex consonant\|retroflex]] sounds. A clear identifying feature of the language within the [[North Dravidian languages\|North Dravidian]] branch is the sound change that created the voiceless velar fricative {{IPA\|/x/}}. This phonetic breakdown is based on the historical work of Martin Pfeiffer (1972), alongside early data from Pinnow (1964) and Grignard (1924).		The '''phonology of Kurukh''' (also spelled as [[Kurux language\|Kurukh]] or Oraon) consists of a simple five-vowel system with short and long pairs, along with a consonant inventory that separates [[Dental consonant\|dental]] and [[Retroflex consonant\|retroflex]] sounds. A clear identifying feature of the language within the [[North Dravidian languages\|North Dravidian]] branch is the sound change that created the voiceless velar fricative {{IPA\|/x/}}. This phonetic breakdown is based on the historical work of Martin Pfeiffer (1972), alongside early data from Pinnow (1964) and Grignard (1924).

Waza: 35 revisions imported: Import with full history

2026-09-29T06:46:19Z

35 revisions imported: Import with full history

← Older revision	Revision as of 06:46, 29 September 2026
(No difference)

wikipedia>Scope creep: Nominated for deletion; see :Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Kurukh phonology.

2026-09-23T05:01:51Z

Nominated for deletion; see Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Kurukh phonology.

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:01, 23 September 2026
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	{{Short description\|Sound system of the Kurukh language}}		{{Short description\|Sound system of the Kurukh language}}
	{{main\|Kurukh language}}		{{main\|Kurukh language}}
			<!-- Please do not remove or change this AfD message until the discussion has been closed. -->
			{{Article for deletion/dated\|page=Kurukh phonology\|timestamp=20260923050151\|year=2026\|month=September\|day=23\|substed=yes\|help=off}}
			<!-- Once discussion is closed, please place on talk page: {{Old AfD multi\|page=Kurukh phonology\|date=23 September 2026\|result='''keep'''}} -->
			<!-- End of AfD message, feel free to edit beyond this point -->
	{{Self reference\|For assistance with IPA transcriptions of Kurukh for Wikipedia articles, see [[Help:IPA/Kurukh]].}}		{{Self reference\|For assistance with IPA transcriptions of Kurukh for Wikipedia articles, see [[Help:IPA/Kurukh]].}}
	{{IPA notice}}		{{IPA notice}}

wikipedia>Oklopfer: now subst-only link template

2026-06-14T01:33:35Z

now subst-only link template

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:33, 14 June 2026
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	\|+ Vowels{{sfn\|Pfeiffer\|1972\|p=8}}		\|+ Vowels{{sfn\|Pfeiffer\|1972\|p=8}}
	! rowspan="2" \|		! rowspan="2" \|
	! colspan="2" \| ~~{{lvow~~\|Front}}		! colspan="2" \| [[Front vowel\|Front]]
	! colspan="2" \| ~~{{lvow~~\|Central}}		! colspan="2" \| [[Central vowel\|Central]]
	! colspan="2" \| ~~{{lvow~~\|Back}}		! colspan="2" \| [[Back vowel\|Back]]
	\|-		\|-
	! <small>short</small> !! <small>long</small>		! <small>short</small> !! <small>long</small>
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	! <small>short</small> !! <small>long</small>		! <small>short</small> !! <small>long</small>
	\|-		\|-
	! <small>~~{{lvow~~\|Close}}</small>		! <small>[[Close vowel\|Close]]</small>
	\| {{IPAlink\|i}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|iː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|i}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|iː}}
	\| colspan="2" \|		\| colspan="2" \|
	\| {{IPAlink\|u}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|uː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|u}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|uː}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <small>~~{{lvow~~\|Mid}}</small>		! <small>[[Mid vowel\|Mid]]</small>
	\| {{IPAlink\|e}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|eː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|e}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|eː}}
	\| {{IPAlink\|ə}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|əː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|ə}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|əː}}
	\| {{IPAlink\|o}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|oː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|o}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|oː}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <small>~~{{lvow~~\|Open}}</small>		! <small>[[Open vowel\|Open]]</small>
	\| colspan="2" \|		\| colspan="2" \|
	\| {{IPAlink\|a}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|aː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|a}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|aː}}

wikipedia>Oklopfer: switch link to template

2026-06-09T02:26:50Z

switch link to template

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:26, 9 June 2026
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	\|+ Vowels{{sfn\|Pfeiffer\|1972\|p=8}}		\|+ Vowels{{sfn\|Pfeiffer\|1972\|p=8}}
	! rowspan="2" \|		! rowspan="2" \|
	! colspan="2" \| ~~[[Front vowel~~\|Front]]		! colspan="2" \| {{lvow\|Front}}
	! colspan="2" \| ~~[[Central vowel~~\|Central]]		! colspan="2" \| {{lvow\|Central}}
	! colspan="2" \| ~~[[Back vowel~~\|Back]]		! colspan="2" \| {{lvow\|Back}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <small>short</small> !! <small>long</small>		! <small>short</small> !! <small>long</small>
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	! <small>short</small> !! <small>long</small>		! <small>short</small> !! <small>long</small>
	\|-		\|-
	! <small>~~[[Close vowel~~\|Close]]</small>		! <small>{{lvow\|Close}}</small>
	\| {{IPAlink\|i}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|iː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|i}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|iː}}
	\| colspan="2" \|		\| colspan="2" \|
	\| {{IPAlink\|u}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|uː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|u}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|uː}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <small>~~[[Mid vowel~~\|Mid]]</small>		! <small>{{lvow\|Mid}}</small>
	\| {{IPAlink\|e}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|eː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|e}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|eː}}
	\| {{IPAlink\|ə}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|əː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|ə}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|əː}}
	\| {{IPAlink\|o}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|oː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|o}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|oː}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <small>~~[[Open vowel~~\|Open]]</small>		! <small>{{lvow\|Open}}</small>
	\| colspan="2" \|		\| colspan="2" \|
	\| {{IPAlink\|a}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|aː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|a}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|aː}}

wikipedia>JL-Bot: removing stale construction template as last edited 7 days ago

2026-06-08T04:15:17Z

removing stale construction template as last edited 7 days ago

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:15, 8 June 2026
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	{{Self reference\|For assistance with IPA transcriptions of Kurukh for Wikipedia articles, see [[Help:IPA/Kurukh]].}}		{{Self reference\|For assistance with IPA transcriptions of Kurukh for Wikipedia articles, see [[Help:IPA/Kurukh]].}}
	{{IPA notice}}		{{IPA notice}}
	~~{{uc\|date=May26}}~~

	The '''phonology of Kurukh''' (also spelled as [[Kurux language\|Kurukh]] or Oraon) consists of a simple five-vowel system with short and long pairs, along with a consonant inventory that separates [[Dental consonant\|dental]] and [[Retroflex consonant\|retroflex]] sounds. A clear identifying feature of the language within the [[North Dravidian languages\|North Dravidian]] branch is the sound change that created the voiceless velar fricative {{IPA\|/x/}}. This phonetic breakdown is based on the historical work of Martin Pfeiffer (1972), alongside early data from Pinnow (1964) and Grignard (1924).		The '''phonology of Kurukh''' (also spelled as [[Kurux language\|Kurukh]] or Oraon) consists of a simple five-vowel system with short and long pairs, along with a consonant inventory that separates [[Dental consonant\|dental]] and [[Retroflex consonant\|retroflex]] sounds. A clear identifying feature of the language within the [[North Dravidian languages\|North Dravidian]] branch is the sound change that created the voiceless velar fricative {{IPA\|/x/}}. This phonetic breakdown is based on the historical work of Martin Pfeiffer (1972), alongside early data from Pinnow (1964) and Grignard (1924).

wikipedia>Kepler-1229b: /* Vowels */ tag; ce

2026-05-31T18:02:58Z

Vowels: tag; ce

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:02, 31 May 2026
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	\|}		\|}

	~~Grammatical studies show that the~~ mid-central vowel or schwa ({{IPA\|/ə/}}) is ~~a separate sound~~ from the regular open vowel {{IPA\|/a/}}. This is proven by specific words like ''əənka'' ('said') and ''bəəl'' ('ear of corn') where the difference changes the meaning.{{sfn\|Pfeiffer\|1972}} Nasalization is also common for most vowels (like {{IPA\|/ã/}} or {{IPA\|/ĩ/}}), but historically it does not happen with the schwa ~~sound~~.		The mid-central vowel or schwa ({{IPA\|/ə/}}) is [[Phoneme\|phonemic]], or distinct from, the regular open vowel {{IPA\|/a/}}. This is proven by specific words like ''əənka'' ('said') and ''bəəl'' ('ear of corn') where the difference changes the meaning.{{sfn\|Pfeiffer\|1972}}{{Fix\|text=where are the minimal pairs?\|date=May 2026}} Nasalization is also common for most vowels (like {{IPA\|/ã/}} or {{IPA\|/ĩ/}}), but historically it does not happen with the schwa.

	== Consonants ==		== Consonants ==

wikipedia>Realtimetraveler at 19:11, 25 May 2026

2026-05-25T19:11:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:11, 25 May 2026
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	{{Self reference\|For assistance with IPA transcriptions of Kurukh for Wikipedia articles, see [[Help:IPA/Kurukh]].}}		{{Self reference\|For assistance with IPA transcriptions of Kurukh for Wikipedia articles, see [[Help:IPA/Kurukh]].}}
	{{IPA notice}}		{{IPA notice}}
			{{uc\|date=May26}}

	The '''phonology of Kurukh''' (also spelled as [[Kurux language\|Kurukh]] or Oraon) consists of a simple five-vowel system with short and long pairs, along with a consonant inventory that separates [[Dental consonant\|dental]] and [[Retroflex consonant\|retroflex]] sounds. A clear identifying feature of the language within the [[North Dravidian languages\|North Dravidian]] branch is the sound change that created the voiceless velar fricative {{IPA\|/x/}}. This phonetic breakdown is based on the historical work of Martin Pfeiffer (1972), alongside early data from Pinnow (1964) and Grignard (1924).		The '''phonology of Kurukh''' (also spelled as [[Kurux language\|Kurukh]] or Oraon) consists of a simple five-vowel system with short and long pairs, along with a consonant inventory that separates [[Dental consonant\|dental]] and [[Retroflex consonant\|retroflex]] sounds. A clear identifying feature of the language within the [[North Dravidian languages\|North Dravidian]] branch is the sound change that created the voiceless velar fricative {{IPA\|/x/}}. This phonetic breakdown is based on the historical work of Martin Pfeiffer (1972), alongside early data from Pinnow (1964) and Grignard (1924).

wikipedia>Realtimetraveler: Completely rewrote the page to remove heavy automated text, simplified the terminology for better encyclopedic clarity, fixed headings, and resolved the PROD issue.

2026-05-25T19:08:42Z

Completely rewrote the page to remove heavy automated text, simplified the terminology for better encyclopedic clarity, fixed headings, and resolved the PROD issue.

Show changes

wikipedia>Bearian: /* */ Prod2

2026-05-25T18:36:25Z

: Prod2

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:36, 25 May 2026
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	\|help =		\|help =
	}}		}}
			{{Prod2\|We are not [[Grokpedia]].}}
	{{AI-generated\|date=May 2026}}		{{AI-generated\|date=May 2026}}
	{{Self reference\|For assistance with IPA transcriptions of Kurukh for Wikipedia articles, see [[Help:IPA/Kurukh]].}}		{{Self reference\|For assistance with IPA transcriptions of Kurukh for Wikipedia articles, see [[Help:IPA/Kurukh]].}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:48, 29 September 2026
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	{{Short description\|Sound system of the Kurukh language}}		{{Short description\|Sound system of the Kurukh language}}
	{{main\|Kurukh language}}		{{main\|Kurukh language}}
	~~<!-- Please do not remove or change this AfD message until the discussion has been closed. -->~~
	~~{{Article for deletion/dated\|page=Kurukh phonology\|timestamp=20260923050151\|year=2026\|month=September\|day=23\|substed=yes\|help=off}}~~
	~~<!-- Once discussion is closed, please place on talk page: {{Old AfD multi\|page=Kurukh phonology\|date=23 September 2026\|result='''keep'''}} -->~~
	~~<!-- End of AfD message, feel free to edit beyond this point -->~~
	~~{{Self reference\|For assistance with IPA transcriptions of Kurukh for Wikipedia articles, see [[Help:IPA/Kurukh]].}}~~
	~~{{IPA notice}}~~
	The '''phonology of Kurukh''' (also spelled as [[Kurux language\|Kurukh]] or Oraon) consists of a simple five-vowel system with short and long pairs, along with a consonant inventory that separates [[Dental consonant\|dental]] and [[Retroflex consonant\|retroflex]] sounds. A clear identifying feature of the language within the [[North Dravidian languages\|North Dravidian]] branch is the sound change that created the voiceless velar fricative {{IPA\|/x/}}. This phonetic breakdown is based on the historical work of Martin Pfeiffer (1972), alongside early data from Pinnow (1964) and Grignard (1924).		The '''phonology of Kurukh''' (also spelled as [[Kurux language\|Kurukh]] or Oraon) consists of a simple five-vowel system with short and long pairs, along with a consonant inventory that separates [[Dental consonant\|dental]] and [[Retroflex consonant\|retroflex]] sounds. A clear identifying feature of the language within the [[North Dravidian languages\|North Dravidian]] branch is the sound change that created the voiceless velar fricative {{IPA\|/x/}}. This phonetic breakdown is based on the historical work of Martin Pfeiffer (1972), alongside early data from Pinnow (1964) and Grignard (1924).

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:33, 14 June 2026
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	\|+ Vowels{{sfn\|Pfeiffer\|1972\|p=8}}		\|+ Vowels{{sfn\|Pfeiffer\|1972\|p=8}}
	! rowspan="2" \|		! rowspan="2" \|
	! colspan="2" \| ~~{{lvow~~\|Front}}		! colspan="2" \| [[Front vowel\|Front]]
	! colspan="2" \| ~~{{lvow~~\|Central}}		! colspan="2" \| [[Central vowel\|Central]]
	! colspan="2" \| ~~{{lvow~~\|Back}}		! colspan="2" \| [[Back vowel\|Back]]
	\|-		\|-
	! <small>short</small> !! <small>long</small>		! <small>short</small> !! <small>long</small>
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	! <small>short</small> !! <small>long</small>		! <small>short</small> !! <small>long</small>
	\|-		\|-
	! <small>~~{{lvow~~\|Close}}</small>		! <small>[[Close vowel\|Close]]</small>
	\| {{IPAlink\|i}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|iː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|i}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|iː}}
	\| colspan="2" \|		\| colspan="2" \|
	\| {{IPAlink\|u}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|uː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|u}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|uː}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <small>~~{{lvow~~\|Mid}}</small>		! <small>[[Mid vowel\|Mid]]</small>
	\| {{IPAlink\|e}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|eː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|e}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|eː}}
	\| {{IPAlink\|ə}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|əː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|ə}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|əː}}
	\| {{IPAlink\|o}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|oː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|o}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|oː}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <small>~~{{lvow~~\|Open}}</small>		! <small>[[Open vowel\|Open]]</small>
	\| colspan="2" \|		\| colspan="2" \|
	\| {{IPAlink\|a}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|aː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|a}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|aː}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:26, 9 June 2026
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	\|+ Vowels{{sfn\|Pfeiffer\|1972\|p=8}}		\|+ Vowels{{sfn\|Pfeiffer\|1972\|p=8}}
	! rowspan="2" \|		! rowspan="2" \|
	! colspan="2" \| ~~[[Front vowel~~\|Front]]		! colspan="2" \| {{lvow\|Front}}
	! colspan="2" \| ~~[[Central vowel~~\|Central]]		! colspan="2" \| {{lvow\|Central}}
	! colspan="2" \| ~~[[Back vowel~~\|Back]]		! colspan="2" \| {{lvow\|Back}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <small>short</small> !! <small>long</small>		! <small>short</small> !! <small>long</small>
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	! <small>short</small> !! <small>long</small>		! <small>short</small> !! <small>long</small>
	\|-		\|-
	! <small>~~[[Close vowel~~\|Close]]</small>		! <small>{{lvow\|Close}}</small>
	\| {{IPAlink\|i}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|iː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|i}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|iː}}
	\| colspan="2" \|		\| colspan="2" \|
	\| {{IPAlink\|u}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|uː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|u}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|uː}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <small>~~[[Mid vowel~~\|Mid]]</small>		! <small>{{lvow\|Mid}}</small>
	\| {{IPAlink\|e}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|eː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|e}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|eː}}
	\| {{IPAlink\|ə}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|əː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|ə}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|əː}}
	\| {{IPAlink\|o}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|oː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|o}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|oː}}
	\|-		\|-
	! <small>~~[[Open vowel~~\|Open]]</small>		! <small>{{lvow\|Open}}</small>
	\| colspan="2" \|		\| colspan="2" \|
	\| {{IPAlink\|a}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|aː}}		\| {{IPAlink\|a}} \|\| {{IPAlink\|aː}}