Chemical postevolution - Revision history

wikademia>Wikademia at 06:43, 13 June 2009

2009-06-13T06:43:18Z

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	~~{{AfDM\|page=Chemical postevolution (2nd nomination)\|date=2009 June 10\|substed=yes\|origtag=afdx}}~~
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	'''Chemical postevolution''' is the structural optimization of (already evolutionary optimized) [[natural product]]s by synthetic chemical means such as de novo synthesis and semisynthesis. It is additional and often structurally orthogonal to evolution by [[natural selection]].<ref> F. von Nussbaum, M. Brands, B. Hinzen, S. Weigand, D. Häbich, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 5194–5254; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'', 5072–5129. Antibacterial Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry—Exodus or Revival? PMID 16881035</ref> Whereas the term "[[Chemical Evolution]]" refers to an iterative optimization of any possible chemical structure,{{Fact\|date=February 2009}} the term Chemical Postevolution especially refers to the biological improvement of antibiotic natural products by synthetic organic chemistry, primarily in antiinfective and anticancer research.		'''Chemical postevolution''' is the structural optimization of (already evolutionary optimized) [[natural product]]s by synthetic chemical means such as de novo synthesis and semisynthesis. It is additional and often structurally orthogonal to evolution by [[natural selection]].<ref> F. von Nussbaum, M. Brands, B. Hinzen, S. Weigand, D. Häbich, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 5194–5254; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'', 5072–5129. Antibacterial Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry—Exodus or Revival? PMID 16881035</ref> Whereas the term "[[Chemical Evolution]]" refers to an iterative optimization of any possible chemical structure,{{Fact\|date=February 2009}} the term Chemical Postevolution especially refers to the biological improvement of antibiotic natural products by synthetic organic chemistry, primarily in antiinfective and anticancer research.
			{{?}}
	==Application in drug discovery==		==Application in drug discovery==
	Natural products have provided the majority of [[lead structure]]s for marketed [[antibiotics]].<ref> C. Walsh, Antibiotics, actions, origins, resistance, 1. Aufl., ASM,		Natural products have provided the majority of [[lead structure]]s for marketed [[antibiotics]].<ref> C. Walsh, Antibiotics, actions, origins, resistance, 1. Aufl., ASM,

wikademia>Wikademia: 42 revisions

2009-06-10T13:03:09Z

42 revisions

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wikademia>Itub: nominating for deletion again

2009-06-10T11:08:05Z

nominating for deletion again

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			{{AfDM\|page=Chemical postevolution (2nd nomination)\|date=2009 June 10\|substed=yes\|origtag=afdx}}
			<!-- End of AfD message, feel free to edit beyond this point -->
	{{Orphan\|date=February 2009}}		{{Orphan\|date=February 2009}}
	'''Chemical postevolution''' is the structural optimization of (already evolutionary optimized) [[natural product]]s by synthetic chemical means such as de novo synthesis and semisynthesis. It is additional and often structurally orthogonal to evolution by [[natural selection]].<ref> F. von Nussbaum, M. Brands, B. Hinzen, S. Weigand, D. Häbich, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 5194–5254; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'', 5072–5129. Antibacterial Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry—Exodus or Revival? PMID 16881035</ref> Whereas the term "[[Chemical Evolution]]" refers to an iterative optimization of any possible chemical structure,{{Fact\|date=February 2009}} the term Chemical Postevolution especially refers to the biological improvement of antibiotic natural products by synthetic organic chemistry, primarily in antiinfective and anticancer research.		'''Chemical postevolution''' is the structural optimization of (already evolutionary optimized) [[natural product]]s by synthetic chemical means such as de novo synthesis and semisynthesis. It is additional and often structurally orthogonal to evolution by [[natural selection]].<ref> F. von Nussbaum, M. Brands, B. Hinzen, S. Weigand, D. Häbich, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 5194–5254; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'', 5072–5129. Antibacterial Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry—Exodus or Revival? PMID 16881035</ref> Whereas the term "[[Chemical Evolution]]" refers to an iterative optimization of any possible chemical structure,{{Fact\|date=February 2009}} the term Chemical Postevolution especially refers to the biological improvement of antibiotic natural products by synthetic organic chemistry, primarily in antiinfective and anticancer research.

wikademia>Rich Farmbrough: clean up- spelling "et al." using AWB

2009-05-14T10:06:12Z

clean up- spelling "et al." using AWB

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	'''Chemical postevolution''' is the structural optimization of (already evolutionary optimized) [[natural product]]s by synthetic chemical means such as de novo synthesis and semisynthesis. It is additional and often structurally orthogonal to evolution by [[natural selection]].<ref> F. von Nussbaum, M. Brands, B. Hinzen, S. Weigand, D. Häbich, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 5194–5254; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'', 5072–5129. Antibacterial Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry—Exodus or Revival? PMID 16881035</ref> Whereas the term "[[Chemical Evolution]]" refers to an iterative optimization of any possible chemical structure,{{Fact\|date=February 2009}} the term Chemical Postevolution especially refers to the biological improvement of antibiotic natural products by synthetic organic chemistry, primarily in antiinfective and anticancer research.		'''Chemical postevolution''' is the structural optimization of (already evolutionary optimized) [[natural product]]s by synthetic chemical means such as de novo synthesis and semisynthesis. It is additional and often structurally orthogonal to evolution by [[natural selection]].<ref> F. von Nussbaum, M. Brands, B. Hinzen, S. Weigand, D. Häbich, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 5194–5254; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'', 5072–5129. Antibacterial Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry—Exodus or Revival? PMID 16881035</ref> Whereas the term "[[Chemical Evolution]]" refers to an iterative optimization of any possible chemical structure,{{Fact\|date=February 2009}} the term Chemical Postevolution especially refers to the biological improvement of antibiotic natural products by synthetic organic chemistry, primarily in antiinfective and anticancer research.

	== Application in drug discovery ==		==Application in drug discovery==
	Natural products have provided the majority of [[lead structure]]s for marketed [[antibiotics]].<ref> C. Walsh, Antibiotics, actions, origins, resistance, 1. Aufl., ASM,		Natural products have provided the majority of [[lead structure]]s for marketed [[antibiotics]].<ref> C. Walsh, Antibiotics, actions, origins, resistance, 1. Aufl., ASM,
	Washington, DC, 2003</ref> But, only a few “pure” natural products fulfill the complex profile required for a pharmaceutical drug. A drug has to match additional physicochemical, pharmacological, toxicological and technical requirements that have not been selectors in the evolution of antibacterial [[secondary metabolites]]. On the other hand, natural products offer excellent starting points for medicinal chemistry. To create a drug, nature’s blueprints often have to be improved by [[semisynthesis]] or [[de novo synthesis]] to repair typical deficiencies such as limited stability, low solubility, narrow [[antibacterial spectrum]], poor in vivo efficacy, etc. Chemical structure defines biological activity. Complementary to nature, a chemist can explore white spots in structural space and biological activity that have never been explored by any organism over the entire period of evolution.		Washington, DC, 2003</ref> But, only a few “pure” natural products fulfill the complex profile required for a pharmaceutical drug. A drug has to match additional physicochemical, pharmacological, toxicological and technical requirements that have not been selectors in the evolution of antibacterial [[secondary metabolites]]. On the other hand, natural products offer excellent starting points for medicinal chemistry. To create a drug, nature’s blueprints often have to be improved by [[semisynthesis]] or [[de novo synthesis]] to repair typical deficiencies such as limited stability, low solubility, narrow [[antibacterial spectrum]], poor in vivo efficacy, etc. Chemical structure defines biological activity. Complementary to nature, a chemist can explore white spots in structural space and biological activity that have never been explored by any organism over the entire period of evolution.

	== Examples ==		==Examples==
	Various natural antibiotics have already been optimized. Classical examples are the beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g. [[penicillin G]] to [[meticillin]]), the glycopeptides ([[chloroeremomycin]] to [[oritavancin]]) or the macrolides ([[erythromycin]] A to [[telithromycin]]). Since 2006 [[platensimycin]].<ref name=Wang2006>Jun Wang ''et al'', ''Platensimycin is a selective FabF inhibitor with potent antibiotic properties'', Nature 441, 358-361 (18 May 2006) PMID 16710421</ref> has been the target for various synthetic studies aiming at a chemical postevolution of this potent FabF inhibitor. Various other classes of natural antibiotics are now in the focus of chemical postevolution.<ref> K. C. Nicolaou, Jason S. Chen, David J. Edmonds, Anthony A. Estrada, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2009''', ''121'', 670–732; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2009''', ''48'', 660-719. Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Biology of Naturally Occurring Antibiotics		Various natural antibiotics have already been optimized. Classical examples are the beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g. [[penicillin G]] to [[meticillin]]), the glycopeptides ([[chloroeremomycin]] to [[oritavancin]]) or the macrolides ([[erythromycin]] A to [[telithromycin]]). Since 2006 [[platensimycin]].<ref name=Wang2006>Jun Wang ''et al.'', ''Platensimycin is a selective FabF inhibitor with potent antibiotic properties'', Nature 441, 358-361 (18 May 2006) PMID 16710421</ref> has been the target for various synthetic studies aiming at a chemical postevolution of this potent FabF inhibitor. Various other classes of natural antibiotics are now in the focus of chemical postevolution.<ref> K. C. Nicolaou, Jason S. Chen, David J. Edmonds, Anthony A. Estrada, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2009''', ''121'', 670–732; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2009''', ''48'', 660-719. Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Biology of Naturally Occurring Antibiotics
	PMID 19130444</ref>		PMID 19130444</ref>

	== References ==		==References==
	<references/>		<references/>

	[[Category:Chemistry]]		[[Category:Chemistry]]

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2009-02-18T17:56:09Z

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			{{Orphan\|date=February 2009}}
	'''Chemical postevolution''' is the structural optimization of (already evolutionary optimized) [[natural product]]s by synthetic chemical means such as de novo synthesis and semisynthesis. It is additional and often structurally orthogonal to evolution by [[natural selection]].<ref> F. von Nussbaum, M. Brands, B. Hinzen, S. Weigand, D. Häbich, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 5194–5254; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'', 5072–5129. Antibacterial Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry—Exodus or Revival? PMID 16881035</ref> Whereas the term "[[Chemical Evolution]]" refers to an iterative optimization of any possible chemical structure,{{Fact\|date=February 2009}} the term Chemical Postevolution especially refers to the biological improvement of antibiotic natural products by synthetic organic chemistry, primarily in antiinfective and anticancer research.		'''Chemical postevolution''' is the structural optimization of (already evolutionary optimized) [[natural product]]s by synthetic chemical means such as de novo synthesis and semisynthesis. It is additional and often structurally orthogonal to evolution by [[natural selection]].<ref> F. von Nussbaum, M. Brands, B. Hinzen, S. Weigand, D. Häbich, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 5194–5254; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'', 5072–5129. Antibacterial Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry—Exodus or Revival? PMID 16881035</ref> Whereas the term "[[Chemical Evolution]]" refers to an iterative optimization of any possible chemical structure,{{Fact\|date=February 2009}} the term Chemical Postevolution especially refers to the biological improvement of antibiotic natural products by synthetic organic chemistry, primarily in antiinfective and anticancer research.

wikademia>Silly rabbit: Undid revision 268193641 by 68.231.164.27 (talk)

2009-02-03T05:17:01Z

Undid revision 268193641 by 68.231.164.27 (talk)

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	'''Chemical postevolution''' is the structural optimization of (already evolutionary optimized) [[natural product]]s by synthetic chemical means such as de novo synthesis and semisynthesis. It is additional and often structurally orthogonal to ~~natural~~ [[~~evolution~~]].<ref> F. von Nussbaum, M. Brands, B. Hinzen, S. Weigand, D. Häbich, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 5194–5254; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'', 5072–5129. Antibacterial Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry—Exodus or Revival? PMID 16881035</ref> Whereas the term "[[Chemical Evolution]]" refers to an iterative optimization of any possible chemical structure, the term Chemical Postevolution especially refers to the biological improvement of antibiotic natural products by synthetic organic chemistry, primarily in antiinfective and anticancer research.		'''Chemical postevolution''' is the structural optimization of (already evolutionary optimized) [[natural product]]s by synthetic chemical means such as de novo synthesis and semisynthesis. It is additional and often structurally orthogonal to evolution by [[natural selection]].<ref> F. von Nussbaum, M. Brands, B. Hinzen, S. Weigand, D. Häbich, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 5194–5254; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'', 5072–5129. Antibacterial Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry—Exodus or Revival? PMID 16881035</ref> Whereas the term "[[Chemical Evolution]]" refers to an iterative optimization of any possible chemical structure,{{Fact\|date=February 2009}} the term Chemical Postevolution especially refers to the biological improvement of antibiotic natural products by synthetic organic chemistry, primarily in antiinfective and anticancer research.

	== Application in drug discovery ==		== Application in drug discovery ==

68.231.164.27: Undid revision 267822754 by Hrafn (talk)

2009-02-03T05:12:34Z

Undid revision 267822754 by Hrafn (talk)

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	'''Chemical postevolution''' is the structural optimization of (already evolutionary optimized) [[natural product]]s by synthetic chemical means such as de novo synthesis and semisynthesis. It is additional and often structurally orthogonal to ~~evolution by~~ [[~~natural selection~~]].<ref> F. von Nussbaum, M. Brands, B. Hinzen, S. Weigand, D. Häbich, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 5194–5254; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'', 5072–5129. Antibacterial Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry—Exodus or Revival? PMID 16881035</ref> Whereas the term "[[Chemical Evolution]]" refers to an iterative optimization of any possible chemical structure,~~{{Fact\|date=February 2009}}~~ the term Chemical Postevolution especially refers to the biological improvement of antibiotic natural products by synthetic organic chemistry, primarily in antiinfective and anticancer research.		'''Chemical postevolution''' is the structural optimization of (already evolutionary optimized) [[natural product]]s by synthetic chemical means such as de novo synthesis and semisynthesis. It is additional and often structurally orthogonal to natural [[evolution]].<ref> F. von Nussbaum, M. Brands, B. Hinzen, S. Weigand, D. Häbich, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 5194–5254; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'', 5072–5129. Antibacterial Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry—Exodus or Revival? PMID 16881035</ref> Whereas the term "[[Chemical Evolution]]" refers to an iterative optimization of any possible chemical structure, the term Chemical Postevolution especially refers to the biological improvement of antibiotic natural products by synthetic organic chemistry, primarily in antiinfective and anticancer research.

	== Application in drug discovery ==		== Application in drug discovery ==

wikademia>Hrafn: ce; tag

2009-02-01T13:24:36Z

ce; tag

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:24, 1 February 2009
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	'''Chemical postevolution''' is the structural optimization of (already evolutionary optimized) [[natural product]]s by synthetic chemical means such as de novo synthesis and semisynthesis. It is additional and often structurally orthogonal to ~~natural~~ [[~~evolution~~]].<ref> F. von Nussbaum, M. Brands, B. Hinzen, S. Weigand, D. Häbich, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 5194–5254; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'', 5072–5129. Antibacterial Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry—Exodus or Revival? PMID 16881035</ref> Whereas the term "[[Chemical Evolution]]" refers to an iterative optimization of any possible chemical structure, the term Chemical Postevolution especially refers to the biological improvement of antibiotic natural products by synthetic organic chemistry, primarily in antiinfective and anticancer research.		'''Chemical postevolution''' is the structural optimization of (already evolutionary optimized) [[natural product]]s by synthetic chemical means such as de novo synthesis and semisynthesis. It is additional and often structurally orthogonal to evolution by [[natural selection]].<ref> F. von Nussbaum, M. Brands, B. Hinzen, S. Weigand, D. Häbich, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 5194–5254; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'', 5072–5129. Antibacterial Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry—Exodus or Revival? PMID 16881035</ref> Whereas the term "[[Chemical Evolution]]" refers to an iterative optimization of any possible chemical structure,{{Fact\|date=February 2009}} the term Chemical Postevolution especially refers to the biological improvement of antibiotic natural products by synthetic organic chemistry, primarily in antiinfective and anticancer research.

	== Application in drug discovery ==		== Application in drug discovery ==

80.132.99.148 at 13:04, 1 February 2009

2009-02-01T13:04:49Z

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	'''Chemical postevolution''' is the structural optimization of (already evolutionary optimized) [[natural product]]s by synthetic chemical means. It is additional and often structurally orthogonal to natural [[evolution]].<ref> F. von Nussbaum, M. Brands, B. Hinzen, S. Weigand, D. Häbich, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 5194–5254; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'', 5072–5129. Antibacterial Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry—Exodus or Revival? PMID 16881035</ref> Whereas the term "[[Chemical Evolution]]" refers to an iterative optimization of any possible chemical structure, the term Chemical Postevolution especially refers to the biological improvement of antibiotic natural products by synthetic organic chemistry, primarily in antiinfective and anticancer research.		'''Chemical postevolution''' is the structural optimization of (already evolutionary optimized) [[natural product]]s by synthetic chemical means such as de novo synthesis and semisynthesis. It is additional and often structurally orthogonal to natural [[evolution]].<ref> F. von Nussbaum, M. Brands, B. Hinzen, S. Weigand, D. Häbich, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 5194–5254; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'', 5072–5129. Antibacterial Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry—Exodus or Revival? PMID 16881035</ref> Whereas the term "[[Chemical Evolution]]" refers to an iterative optimization of any possible chemical structure, the term Chemical Postevolution especially refers to the biological improvement of antibiotic natural products by synthetic organic chemistry, primarily in antiinfective and anticancer research.

	== Application in drug discovery ==		== Application in drug discovery ==

wikademia>Synergy: rmv afd tag; afd closed as speedy keep

2009-01-29T01:01:32Z

rmv afd tag; afd closed as speedy keep

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	'''Chemical postevolution''' is the structural optimization of (already evolutionary optimized) [[natural product]]s by synthetic chemical means. It is additional and often structurally orthogonal to natural [[evolution]].<ref> F. von Nussbaum, M. Brands, B. Hinzen, S. Weigand, D. Häbich, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 5194–5254; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'', 5072–5129. Antibacterial Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry—Exodus or Revival? PMID 16881035</ref> Whereas the term "[[Chemical Evolution]]" refers to an iterative optimization of any possible chemical structure, the term Chemical Postevolution especially refers to the biological improvement of antibiotic natural products by synthetic organic chemistry, primarily in antiinfective and anticancer research.		'''Chemical postevolution''' is the structural optimization of (already evolutionary optimized) [[natural product]]s by synthetic chemical means. It is additional and often structurally orthogonal to natural [[evolution]].<ref> F. von Nussbaum, M. Brands, B. Hinzen, S. Weigand, D. Häbich, ''Angew. Chem.'' '''2006''', ''118'', 5194–5254; ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.'' '''2006''', ''45'', 5072–5129. Antibacterial Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry—Exodus or Revival? PMID 16881035</ref> Whereas the term "[[Chemical Evolution]]" refers to an iterative optimization of any possible chemical structure, the term Chemical Postevolution especially refers to the biological improvement of antibiotic natural products by synthetic organic chemistry, primarily in antiinfective and anticancer research.