Global surveillance disclosures (1970–2013) - Revision history

Waza: remove deletion notice

2026-10-01T21:59:08Z

remove deletion notice

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:59, 1 October 2026
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	~~{{Short description\|none}}~~
	{{for\|later global surveillance disclosures\|Snowden disclosures}}		{{for\|later global surveillance disclosures\|Snowden disclosures}}
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	~~{{Article for deletion/dated\|page=Global surveillance disclosures (1970–2013)\|timestamp=20261001162937\|year=2026\|month=October\|day=1\|substed=yes\|help=off}}~~
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	{{Global surveillance}}		{{Global surveillance}}
	[[Global surveillance]] refers to the practice of [[globalization\|globalized]] [[mass surveillance]] on entire populations across national borders.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Webb\|first=Maureen\|title=Illusions of Security: Global Surveillance and Democracy in the Post-9/11 World\|year=2007\|publisher=[[City Lights Books]]\|location=San Francisco\|isbn=978-0872864764\|edition=1.\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/illusionsofsecur0000webb}}</ref> Although its existence was first revealed in the 1970s and led legislators to attempt to curb domestic spying by the [[National Security Agency]] (NSA), it did not receive sustained public attention until the existence of [[ECHELON]] was revealed in the 1980s and confirmed in the 1990s.<ref name="echelon">{{cite news\|last=Andrew Bomford\|title=Echelon spy network revealed\|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/503224.stm\|publisher=BBC\|date=3 November 1999 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> In 2013 it gained substantial worldwide media attention due to the [[global surveillance disclosure]] by [[Edward Snowden]].<ref name="gellman12wapo">{{cite news\|last=Barton Gellman\|author-link=Barton Gellman\|title=Edward Snowden, after months of NSA revelations, says his mission's accomplished\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/edward-snowden-after-months-of-nsa-revelations-says-his-missions-accomplished/2013/12/23/49fc36de-6c1c-11e3-a523-fe73f0ff6b8d_story.html\|date=24 December 2013\|newspaper=The Washington Post\|access-date=25 December 2013\|quote=Taken together, the revelations have brought to light a global surveillance system that cast off many of its historical restraints after the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001. Secret legal authorities empowered the NSA to sweep in the telephone, Internet and location records of whole populations.}}</ref>		[[Global surveillance]] refers to the practice of [[globalization\|globalized]] [[mass surveillance]] on entire populations across national borders.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Webb\|first=Maureen\|title=Illusions of Security: Global Surveillance and Democracy in the Post-9/11 World\|year=2007\|publisher=[[City Lights Books]]\|location=San Francisco\|isbn=978-0872864764\|edition=1.\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/illusionsofsecur0000webb}}</ref> Although its existence was first revealed in the 1970s and led legislators to attempt to curb domestic spying by the [[National Security Agency]] (NSA), it did not receive sustained public attention until the existence of [[ECHELON]] was revealed in the 1980s and confirmed in the 1990s.<ref name="echelon">{{cite news\|last=Andrew Bomford\|title=Echelon spy network revealed\|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/503224.stm\|publisher=BBC\|date=3 November 1999 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> In 2013 it gained substantial worldwide media attention due to the [[global surveillance disclosure]] by [[Edward Snowden]].<ref name="gellman12wapo">{{cite news\|last=Barton Gellman\|author-link=Barton Gellman\|title=Edward Snowden, after months of NSA revelations, says his mission's accomplished\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/edward-snowden-after-months-of-nsa-revelations-says-his-missions-accomplished/2013/12/23/49fc36de-6c1c-11e3-a523-fe73f0ff6b8d_story.html\|date=24 December 2013\|newspaper=The Washington Post\|access-date=25 December 2013\|quote=Taken together, the revelations have brought to light a global surveillance system that cast off many of its historical restraints after the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001. Secret legal authorities empowered the NSA to sweep in the telephone, Internet and location records of whole populations.}}</ref>

Waza: 72 revisions imported: Import with full history

2026-10-01T21:51:49Z

72 revisions imported: Import with full history

← Older revision	Revision as of 21:51, 1 October 2026
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wikipedia>PhotographyEdits: Nominated for deletion; see :Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Global surveillance disclosures (1970–2013).

2026-10-01T16:29:37Z

Nominated for deletion; see Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Global surveillance disclosures (1970–2013).

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:29, 1 October 2026
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	{{Short description\|none}}		{{Short description\|none}}
	{{for\|later global surveillance disclosures\|Snowden disclosures}}		{{for\|later global surveillance disclosures\|Snowden disclosures}}
			<!-- Please do not remove or change this AfD message until the discussion has been closed. -->
			{{Article for deletion/dated\|page=Global surveillance disclosures (1970–2013)\|timestamp=20261001162937\|year=2026\|month=October\|day=1\|substed=yes\|help=off}}
			<!-- Once discussion is closed, please place on talk page: {{Old AfD multi\|page=Global surveillance disclosures (1970–2013)\|date=1 October 2026\|result='''keep'''}} -->
			<!-- End of AfD message, feel free to edit beyond this point -->
	{{Global surveillance}}		{{Global surveillance}}
	[[Global surveillance]] refers to the practice of [[globalization\|globalized]] [[mass surveillance]] on entire populations across national borders.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Webb\|first=Maureen\|title=Illusions of Security: Global Surveillance and Democracy in the Post-9/11 World\|year=2007\|publisher=[[City Lights Books]]\|location=San Francisco\|isbn=978-0872864764\|edition=1.\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/illusionsofsecur0000webb}}</ref> Although its existence was first revealed in the 1970s and led legislators to attempt to curb domestic spying by the [[National Security Agency]] (NSA), it did not receive sustained public attention until the existence of [[ECHELON]] was revealed in the 1980s and confirmed in the 1990s.<ref name="echelon">{{cite news\|last=Andrew Bomford\|title=Echelon spy network revealed\|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/503224.stm\|publisher=BBC\|date=3 November 1999 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> In 2013 it gained substantial worldwide media attention due to the [[global surveillance disclosure]] by [[Edward Snowden]].<ref name="gellman12wapo">{{cite news\|last=Barton Gellman\|author-link=Barton Gellman\|title=Edward Snowden, after months of NSA revelations, says his mission's accomplished\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/edward-snowden-after-months-of-nsa-revelations-says-his-missions-accomplished/2013/12/23/49fc36de-6c1c-11e3-a523-fe73f0ff6b8d_story.html\|date=24 December 2013\|newspaper=The Washington Post\|access-date=25 December 2013\|quote=Taken together, the revelations have brought to light a global surveillance system that cast off many of its historical restraints after the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001. Secret legal authorities empowered the NSA to sweep in the telephone, Internet and location records of whole populations.}}</ref>		[[Global surveillance]] refers to the practice of [[globalization\|globalized]] [[mass surveillance]] on entire populations across national borders.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Webb\|first=Maureen\|title=Illusions of Security: Global Surveillance and Democracy in the Post-9/11 World\|year=2007\|publisher=[[City Lights Books]]\|location=San Francisco\|isbn=978-0872864764\|edition=1.\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/illusionsofsecur0000webb}}</ref> Although its existence was first revealed in the 1970s and led legislators to attempt to curb domestic spying by the [[National Security Agency]] (NSA), it did not receive sustained public attention until the existence of [[ECHELON]] was revealed in the 1980s and confirmed in the 1990s.<ref name="echelon">{{cite news\|last=Andrew Bomford\|title=Echelon spy network revealed\|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/503224.stm\|publisher=BBC\|date=3 November 1999 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> In 2013 it gained substantial worldwide media attention due to the [[global surveillance disclosure]] by [[Edward Snowden]].<ref name="gellman12wapo">{{cite news\|last=Barton Gellman\|author-link=Barton Gellman\|title=Edward Snowden, after months of NSA revelations, says his mission's accomplished\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/edward-snowden-after-months-of-nsa-revelations-says-his-missions-accomplished/2013/12/23/49fc36de-6c1c-11e3-a523-fe73f0ff6b8d_story.html\|date=24 December 2013\|newspaper=The Washington Post\|access-date=25 December 2013\|quote=Taken together, the revelations have brought to light a global surveillance system that cast off many of its historical restraints after the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001. Secret legal authorities empowered the NSA to sweep in the telephone, Internet and location records of whole populations.}}</ref>

wikipedia>GhostInTheMachine: no need for bold

2026-09-05T07:39:06Z

no need for bold

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:39, 5 September 2026
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	{{for\|later global surveillance disclosures\|Snowden disclosures}}		{{for\|later global surveillance disclosures\|Snowden disclosures}}
	{{Global surveillance}}		{{Global surveillance}}
	[[Global surveillance]] refers to the practice of [[globalization\|globalized]] [[mass surveillance]] on entire populations across national borders.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Webb\|first=Maureen\|title=Illusions of Security: Global Surveillance and Democracy in the Post-9/11 World\|year=2007\|publisher=[[City Lights Books]]\|location=San Francisco\|isbn=978-0872864764\|edition=1.\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/illusionsofsecur0000webb}}</ref> Although its existence was first revealed in the 1970s and led legislators to attempt to curb domestic spying by the [[National Security Agency]] (NSA), it did not receive sustained public attention until the existence of ~~'''~~[[ECHELON]]~~'''~~ was revealed in the 1980s and confirmed in the 1990s.<ref name="echelon">{{cite news\|last=Andrew Bomford\|title=Echelon spy network revealed\|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/503224.stm\|publisher=BBC\|date=3 November 1999 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> In 2013 it gained substantial worldwide media attention due to the [[global surveillance disclosure]] by [[Edward Snowden]].<ref name="gellman12wapo">{{cite news\|last=Barton Gellman\|author-link=Barton Gellman\|title=Edward Snowden, after months of NSA revelations, says his mission's accomplished\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/edward-snowden-after-months-of-nsa-revelations-says-his-missions-accomplished/2013/12/23/49fc36de-6c1c-11e3-a523-fe73f0ff6b8d_story.html\|date=24 December 2013\|newspaper=The Washington Post\|access-date=25 December 2013\|quote=Taken together, the revelations have brought to light a global surveillance system that cast off many of its historical restraints after the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001. Secret legal authorities empowered the NSA to sweep in the telephone, Internet and location records of whole populations.}}</ref>		[[Global surveillance]] refers to the practice of [[globalization\|globalized]] [[mass surveillance]] on entire populations across national borders.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Webb\|first=Maureen\|title=Illusions of Security: Global Surveillance and Democracy in the Post-9/11 World\|year=2007\|publisher=[[City Lights Books]]\|location=San Francisco\|isbn=978-0872864764\|edition=1.\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/illusionsofsecur0000webb}}</ref> Although its existence was first revealed in the 1970s and led legislators to attempt to curb domestic spying by the [[National Security Agency]] (NSA), it did not receive sustained public attention until the existence of [[ECHELON]] was revealed in the 1980s and confirmed in the 1990s.<ref name="echelon">{{cite news\|last=Andrew Bomford\|title=Echelon spy network revealed\|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/503224.stm\|publisher=BBC\|date=3 November 1999 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> In 2013 it gained substantial worldwide media attention due to the [[global surveillance disclosure]] by [[Edward Snowden]].<ref name="gellman12wapo">{{cite news\|last=Barton Gellman\|author-link=Barton Gellman\|title=Edward Snowden, after months of NSA revelations, says his mission's accomplished\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/edward-snowden-after-months-of-nsa-revelations-says-his-missions-accomplished/2013/12/23/49fc36de-6c1c-11e3-a523-fe73f0ff6b8d_story.html\|date=24 December 2013\|newspaper=The Washington Post\|access-date=25 December 2013\|quote=Taken together, the revelations have brought to light a global surveillance system that cast off many of its historical restraints after the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001. Secret legal authorities empowered the NSA to sweep in the telephone, Internet and location records of whole populations.}}</ref>

	==History==		==History==
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	In 1982 [[James Bamford]]'s book about the NSA, ''[[The Puzzle Palace]]'', was first published. Bamford's second book, ''[[Body of Secrets\|Body of Secrets: Anatomy of the Ultra-Secret National Security Agency]]'', was published two decades later.		In 1982 [[James Bamford]]'s book about the NSA, ''[[The Puzzle Palace]]'', was first published. Bamford's second book, ''[[Body of Secrets\|Body of Secrets: Anatomy of the Ultra-Secret National Security Agency]]'', was published two decades later.

	In 1988 the ~~'''[[~~ECHELON~~]]'''~~ network was revealed by [[Margaret Newsham]], a [[Lockheed Corporation\|Lockheed]] employee. Newsham told a member of the U.S. Congress that telephone calls of [[Strom Thurmond]], a [[Republican Party (United States)\|Republican]] U.S. senator, were being collected by the NSA. Congressional investigators determined that "targeting of U.S. political figures would not occur by accident. But was designed into the system from the start."<ref>{{citation		In 1988 the ECHELON network was revealed by [[Margaret Newsham]], a [[Lockheed Corporation\|Lockheed]] employee. Newsham told a member of the U.S. Congress that telephone calls of [[Strom Thurmond]], a [[Republican Party (United States)\|Republican]] U.S. senator, were being collected by the NSA. Congressional investigators determined that "targeting of U.S. political figures would not occur by accident. But was designed into the system from the start."<ref>{{citation
	\|url=http://duncan.gn.apc.org/echelon-dc.htm		\|url=http://duncan.gn.apc.org/echelon-dc.htm
	\|last=Campbell		\|last=Campbell
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	\|quote=The Congressional officials were first told of the Thurmond interception by a former employee of the Lockheed Space and Missiles Corporation, Margaret Newsham, who now lives in Sunnyvale, California.}}</ref>		\|quote=The Congressional officials were first told of the Thurmond interception by a former employee of the Lockheed Space and Missiles Corporation, Margaret Newsham, who now lives in Sunnyvale, California.}}</ref>

	By the late 1990s ~~'''~~ECHELON~~'''~~ was reportedly capable of monitoring up to 90% of all internet traffic.<ref name="bbcec"/> According to the [[BBC]] in May 2001, however, "The US Government still refused to admit that Echelon even exists."<ref name="bbcec">{{cite news\|title=Q&A: What you need to know about Echelon\|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/sci/tech/1357513.stm\|publisher=BBC\|access-date=18 December 2013\|date=29 May 2001}}</ref>		By the late 1990s ECHELON was reportedly capable of monitoring up to 90% of all internet traffic.<ref name="bbcec"/> According to the [[BBC]] in May 2001, however, "The US Government still refused to admit that Echelon even exists."<ref name="bbcec">{{cite news\|title=Q&A: What you need to know about Echelon\|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/sci/tech/1357513.stm\|publisher=BBC\|access-date=18 December 2013\|date=29 May 2001}}</ref>

	=== 2000s ===		=== 2000s ===

wikipedia>GhostInTheMachine: Set Short description to none — WP:SDNONE

2026-09-05T07:37:23Z

Set Short description to none — WP:SDNONE

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	{{for\|later global surveillance disclosures\|Snowden disclosures}}		{{for\|later global surveillance disclosures\|Snowden disclosures}}
	{{Global surveillance}}		{{Global surveillance}}

wikipedia>Nickjonsons: Added short description

2026-09-04T02:51:58Z

Added short description

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:51, 4 September 2026
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	{{Short description\|~~None~~}}		{{Short description\|Global surveillance disclosures (1970–2013)}}
	{{for\|later global surveillance disclosures\|Snowden disclosures}}		{{for\|later global surveillance disclosures\|Snowden disclosures}}
	{{Global surveillance}}		{{Global surveillance}}

wikipedia>พงศกร ธนพงศ์ at 15:21, 3 August 2026

2026-08-03T15:21:56Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:21, 3 August 2026
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	In 2006, further details of the NSA's domestic surveillance of U.S. citizens was provided by ''[[USA Today]]''. The newspaper released a report on May 11, 2006 detailing the NSA's "massive database" of phone records collected from "tens of millions" of U.S. citizens. According to ''USA Today'', these phone records were provided by several telecom companies such as [[AT&T]], [[Verizon Communications\|Verizon]], and [[BellSouth]].<ref name=USATODAY1>{{cite news\|last=Leslie Cauley\|title=NSA has massive database of Americans' phone calls\|url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/washington/2006-05-10-nsa_x.htm\|work=[USA Today\|date=May 11, 2006 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> AT&T technician [[Mark Klein]] was later revealed as major source, specifically of rooms at network control centers on the internet backbone intercepting and recording all traffic passing through. In 2008 the security analyst [[Babak Pasdar]] revealed the existence of the so-called "Quantico circuit" that he and his team had set up in 2003. The circuit provided the U.S. federal government with a [[Backdoor (computing)\|backdoor]] into the network of an unnamed wireless provider, which was later independently identified as [[Verizon]].<ref name="Poulsen">{{cite magazine\|last=Poulsen\|first=Kevin\|title=Whistle-Blower: Feds Have a Backdoor Into Wireless Carrier—Congress Reacts\|url=https://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2008/03/whistleblower-f/\|magazine=Wired\|access-date=August 14, 2013\|date=March 6, 2008}}</ref>		In 2006, further details of the NSA's domestic surveillance of U.S. citizens was provided by ''[[USA Today]]''. The newspaper released a report on May 11, 2006 detailing the NSA's "massive database" of phone records collected from "tens of millions" of U.S. citizens. According to ''USA Today'', these phone records were provided by several telecom companies such as [[AT&T]], [[Verizon Communications\|Verizon]], and [[BellSouth]].<ref name=USATODAY1>{{cite news\|last=Leslie Cauley\|title=NSA has massive database of Americans' phone calls\|url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/washington/2006-05-10-nsa_x.htm\|work=[USA Today\|date=May 11, 2006 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> AT&T technician [[Mark Klein]] was later revealed as major source, specifically of rooms at network control centers on the internet backbone intercepting and recording all traffic passing through. In 2008 the security analyst [[Babak Pasdar]] revealed the existence of the so-called "Quantico circuit" that he and his team had set up in 2003. The circuit provided the U.S. federal government with a [[Backdoor (computing)\|backdoor]] into the network of an unnamed wireless provider, which was later independently identified as [[Verizon]].<ref name="Poulsen">{{cite magazine\|last=Poulsen\|first=Kevin\|title=Whistle-Blower: Feds Have a Backdoor Into Wireless Carrier—Congress Reacts\|url=https://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2008/03/whistleblower-f/\|magazine=Wired\|access-date=August 14, 2013\|date=March 6, 2008}}</ref>

	In 2007, former [[Qwest]] CEO [[Joseph Nacchio]] alleged in court and provided supporting documentation that in February 2001 (nearly 7 months prior to the [[September 11 attacks]]) ~~that~~ the NSA proposed in a meeting to conduct blanket phone spying. He considered the spying to be illegal and refused to cooperate, and claims that the company was punished by being denied lucrative contracts.<ref>{{cite web \|last = D'Andrade \|first = Hugh \|title = Qwest CEO: NSA Punished Qwest for Refusing to Participate in Illegal Surveillance--Pre-9/11! \|work = Deeplinks blog \|publisher = Electronic Frontier Foundation \|date = October 17, 2007 \|url = https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2007/10/qwest-ceo-nsa-punished-qwest-refusing-participate-illegal-surveillance-pre-9-11 \|access-date = 2015-05-21 }}</ref>		In 2007, former [[Qwest]] CEO [[Joseph Nacchio]] alleged in court and provided supporting documentation that in February 2001 (nearly 7 months prior to the [[September 11 attacks]]) the NSA proposed in a meeting to conduct blanket phone spying. He considered the spying to be illegal and refused to cooperate, and claims that the company was punished by being denied lucrative contracts.<ref>{{cite web \|last = D'Andrade \|first = Hugh \|title = Qwest CEO: NSA Punished Qwest for Refusing to Participate in Illegal Surveillance--Pre-9/11! \|work = Deeplinks blog \|publisher = Electronic Frontier Foundation \|date = October 17, 2007 \|url = https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2007/10/qwest-ceo-nsa-punished-qwest-refusing-participate-illegal-surveillance-pre-9-11 \|access-date = 2015-05-21 }}</ref>

	=== 2010–2013 ===		=== 2010–2013 ===

wikipedia>Fanfanboy: Reverted edits by Mohammedraashid123 (talk) (AV)

2025-12-19T15:59:09Z

Reverted edits by Mohammedraashid123 (talk) (AV)

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:59, 19 December 2025
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	{{for\|later global surveillance disclosures\|Snowden disclosures}}		{{for\|later global surveillance disclosures\|Snowden disclosures}}
	{{Global surveillance}}		{{Global surveillance}}
	[[Global surveillance]] refers to the practice of [[globalization\|globalized]] [[mass surveillance]] on entire populations across national borders.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Webb\|first=Maureen\|title=Illusions of Security: Global Surveillance and Democracy in the Post-9/11 World\|year=2007\|publisher=[[City Lights Books]]\|location=San Francisco\|isbn=978-0872864764\|edition=1.\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/illusionsofsecur0000webb}}</ref> Although its existence was first revealed in the 1970s and led legislators to attempt to curb domestic spying by the [[National Security Agency]] (NSA), it did not receive sustained public attention until the existence of '''[[ECHELON]]''' was revealed in the 1980s and confirmed in the 1990s.<ref name="echelon">{{cite news\|last=Andrew Bomford\|title=Echelon spy network revealed\|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/503224.stm\|publisher=BBC\|date=3 November 1999 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> In 2013 it gained substantial worldwide media attention due to the [[global surveillance disclosure]] by [[Edward Snowden]].<ref name="gellman12wapo">{{cite news\|last=Barton Gellman\|author-link=Barton Gellman\|title=Edward Snowden, after months of NSA revelations, says his mission's accomplished\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/edward-snowden-after-months-of-nsa-revelations-says-his-missions-accomplished/2013/12/23/49fc36de-6c1c-11e3-a523-fe73f0ff6b8d_story.html\|date=24 December 2013\|newspaper=The Washington Post\|access-date=25 December 2013\|quote=Taken together, the revelations have brought to light a global surveillance system that cast off many of its historical restraints after the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001. Secret legal authorities empowered the NSA to sweep in the telephone, Internet, and location records of whole populations.}}</ref>		[[Global surveillance]] refers to the practice of [[globalization\|globalized]] [[mass surveillance]] on entire populations across national borders.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Webb\|first=Maureen\|title=Illusions of Security: Global Surveillance and Democracy in the Post-9/11 World\|year=2007\|publisher=[[City Lights Books]]\|location=San Francisco\|isbn=978-0872864764\|edition=1.\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/illusionsofsecur0000webb}}</ref> Although its existence was first revealed in the 1970s and led legislators to attempt to curb domestic spying by the [[National Security Agency]] (NSA), it did not receive sustained public attention until the existence of '''[[ECHELON]]''' was revealed in the 1980s and confirmed in the 1990s.<ref name="echelon">{{cite news\|last=Andrew Bomford\|title=Echelon spy network revealed\|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/503224.stm\|publisher=BBC\|date=3 November 1999 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> In 2013 it gained substantial worldwide media attention due to the [[global surveillance disclosure]] by [[Edward Snowden]].<ref name="gellman12wapo">{{cite news\|last=Barton Gellman\|author-link=Barton Gellman\|title=Edward Snowden, after months of NSA revelations, says his mission's accomplished\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/edward-snowden-after-months-of-nsa-revelations-says-his-missions-accomplished/2013/12/23/49fc36de-6c1c-11e3-a523-fe73f0ff6b8d_story.html\|date=24 December 2013\|newspaper=The Washington Post\|access-date=25 December 2013\|quote=Taken together, the revelations have brought to light a global surveillance system that cast off many of its historical restraints after the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001. Secret legal authorities empowered the NSA to sweep in the telephone, Internet and location records of whole populations.}}</ref>

	==History==		==History==
	=== 1970s ===		=== 1970s ===
	In ~~197,2~~ NSA analyst [[Perry Fellwock]] (under the pseudonym "Winslow Peck") introduced the readers of ''[[Ramparts (magazine)\|Ramparts]]'' magazine to the NSA and the [[UKUSA Agreement]].<ref name="ramparts">{{cite news		In 1972 NSA analyst [[Perry Fellwock]] (under the pseudonym "Winslow Peck") introduced the readers of ''[[Ramparts (magazine)\|Ramparts]]'' magazine to the NSA and the [[UKUSA Agreement]].<ref name="ramparts">{{cite news
	\|title=U.S. Electronic Espionage: A Memoir		\|title=U.S. Electronic Espionage: A Memoir
	\|work=Ramparts		\|work=Ramparts
	\|date=August 1972		\|date=August 1972
	\|pages=35–50		\|pages=35–50
	\|quote=The SIGINT community was defined by a TOP SECRET treaty signed in 1947. It was called the UKUSA treaty. The National Security Agency signed for the U.S. and became what's ~~callethe d~~ First Party to the Treaty.}}</ref> In 1976, a separate article in ''[[Time Out (magazine)\|Time Out]]'' magazine revealed the existence of the [[GCHQ]].<ref>{{cite news		\|quote=The SIGINT community was defined by a TOP SECRET treaty signed in 1947. It was called the UKUSA treaty. The National Security Agency signed for the U.S. and became what's called First Party to the Treaty.}}</ref> In 1976, a separate article in ''[[Time Out (magazine)\|Time Out]]'' magazine revealed the existence of the [[GCHQ]].<ref>{{cite news
	\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/aug/21/surveillance-secrecy-gchq		\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/aug/21/surveillance-secrecy-gchq
	\|title=Surveillance secrecy: the legacy of GCHQ's years under cover		\|title=Surveillance secrecy: the legacy of GCHQ's years under cover
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	=== 1980s–1990s ===		=== 1980s–1990s ===
	In 1982, [[James Bamford]]'s book about the NSA, ''[[The Puzzle Palace]]'', was first published. Bamford's second book, ''[[Body of Secrets\|Body of Secrets: Anatomy of the Ultra-Secret National Security Agency]]'', was published two decades later.		In 1982 [[James Bamford]]'s book about the NSA, ''[[The Puzzle Palace]]'', was first published. Bamford's second book, ''[[Body of Secrets\|Body of Secrets: Anatomy of the Ultra-Secret National Security Agency]]'', was published two decades later.

	In 1988 the '''[[ECHELON]]''' network was revealed by [[Margaret Newsham]], a [[Lockheed Corporation\|Lockheed]] employee. Newsham told a member of the U.S. Congress that telephone calls of [[Strom Thurmond]], a [[Republican Party (United States)\|Republican]] U.S. senator, were being collected by the NSA. Congressional investigators determined that "targeting of U.S. political figures would not occur by accident. But was designed into the system from the start."<ref>{{citation		In 1988 the '''[[ECHELON]]''' network was revealed by [[Margaret Newsham]], a [[Lockheed Corporation\|Lockheed]] employee. Newsham told a member of the U.S. Congress that telephone calls of [[Strom Thurmond]], a [[Republican Party (United States)\|Republican]] U.S. senator, were being collected by the NSA. Congressional investigators determined that "targeting of U.S. political figures would not occur by accident. But was designed into the system from the start."<ref>{{citation
Line 45:		Line 45:
	On December 16, 2005, ''[[The New York Times]]'' published a report under the headline "[[George W. Bush\|Bush]] Lets U.S. Spy on Callers Without Courts," which was co-written by [[Eric Lichtblau]] and the [[Pulitzer Prize]]-winning journalist [[James Risen]]. According to ''The Times'', the article's date of publication was delayed for a year (past the next presidential election cycle) because of alleged national security concerns.<ref name=nytimes2005>{{cite news\|last=James Risen and Eric Lichtblau\|title=Bush Lets U.S. Spy on Callers Without Courts\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/16/politics/16program.html\|work=The New York Times\|date=December 16, 2005 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> [[Russ Tice]] was later revealed as a major source.		On December 16, 2005, ''[[The New York Times]]'' published a report under the headline "[[George W. Bush\|Bush]] Lets U.S. Spy on Callers Without Courts," which was co-written by [[Eric Lichtblau]] and the [[Pulitzer Prize]]-winning journalist [[James Risen]]. According to ''The Times'', the article's date of publication was delayed for a year (past the next presidential election cycle) because of alleged national security concerns.<ref name=nytimes2005>{{cite news\|last=James Risen and Eric Lichtblau\|title=Bush Lets U.S. Spy on Callers Without Courts\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/16/politics/16program.html\|work=The New York Times\|date=December 16, 2005 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> [[Russ Tice]] was later revealed as a major source.
	[[File:President Bush Speaking At Brooke Army Medical Center.jpg\|thumb\|left\|On January 1, 2006, President Bush emphasized that "This is a limited program designed to prevent attacks on the United States of America. And I repeat, limited."<ref name="White House">{{cite web \|date=January 1, 2006<!--, 12:05 PM CST -->\|title=President Visits Troops at Brooke Army Medical Center\|url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/01/20060101.html \|publisher=White House\|access-date=August 15, 2013}}</ref>]]		[[File:President Bush Speaking At Brooke Army Medical Center.jpg\|thumb\|left\|On January 1, 2006, President Bush emphasized that "This is a limited program designed to prevent attacks on the United States of America. And I repeat, limited."<ref name="White House">{{cite web \|date=January 1, 2006<!--, 12:05 PM CST -->\|title=President Visits Troops at Brooke Army Medical Center\|url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/01/20060101.html \|publisher=White House\|access-date=August 15, 2013}}</ref>]]
	In 2006, further details of the NSA's domestic surveillance of U.S. citizens ~~were~~ provided by ''[[USA Today]]''. The newspaper released a report on May 11, ~~200,6~~ detailing the NSA's "massive database" of phone records collected from "tens of millions" of U.S. citizens. According to ''USA Today'', these phone records were provided by several telecom companies such as [[AT&T]], [[Verizon Communications\|Verizon]], and [[BellSouth]].<ref name=USATODAY1>{{cite news\|last=Leslie Cauley\|title=NSA has massive database of Americans' phone calls\|url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/washington/2006-05-10-nsa_x.htm\|work=[USA Today\|date=May 11, 2006 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> AT&T technician [[Mark Klein]] was later revealed as major source, specifically of rooms at network control centers on the internet backbone intercepting and recording all traffic passing through. In ~~20,08~~ the security analyst [[Babak Pasdar]] revealed the existence of the so-called "Quantico circuit" that he and his team had set up in 2003. The circuit provided the U.S. federal government with a [[Backdoor (computing)\|backdoor]] into the network of an unnamed wireless provider, which was later independently identified as [[Verizon]].<ref name="Poulsen">{{cite magazine\|last=Poulsen\|first=Kevin\|title=Whistle-Blower: Feds Have a Backdoor Into Wireless Carrier—Congress Reacts\|url=https://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2008/03/whistleblower-f/\|magazine=Wired\|access-date=August 14, 2013\|date=March 6, 2008}}</ref>		In 2006, further details of the NSA's domestic surveillance of U.S. citizens was provided by ''[[USA Today]]''. The newspaper released a report on May 11, 2006 detailing the NSA's "massive database" of phone records collected from "tens of millions" of U.S. citizens. According to ''USA Today'', these phone records were provided by several telecom companies such as [[AT&T]], [[Verizon Communications\|Verizon]], and [[BellSouth]].<ref name=USATODAY1>{{cite news\|last=Leslie Cauley\|title=NSA has massive database of Americans' phone calls\|url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/washington/2006-05-10-nsa_x.htm\|work=[USA Today\|date=May 11, 2006 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> AT&T technician [[Mark Klein]] was later revealed as major source, specifically of rooms at network control centers on the internet backbone intercepting and recording all traffic passing through. In 2008 the security analyst [[Babak Pasdar]] revealed the existence of the so-called "Quantico circuit" that he and his team had set up in 2003. The circuit provided the U.S. federal government with a [[Backdoor (computing)\|backdoor]] into the network of an unnamed wireless provider, which was later independently identified as [[Verizon]].<ref name="Poulsen">{{cite magazine\|last=Poulsen\|first=Kevin\|title=Whistle-Blower: Feds Have a Backdoor Into Wireless Carrier—Congress Reacts\|url=https://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2008/03/whistleblower-f/\|magazine=Wired\|access-date=August 14, 2013\|date=March 6, 2008}}</ref>

	In 2007, former [[Qwest]] CEO [[Joseph Nacchio]] alleged in court and provided supporting documentation that in February 2001 (nearly 7 ~~montbefore~~ to the [[September 11 attacks]]), the NSA proposed in a meeting to conduct blanket phone spying. He considered the spying to be illegal and refused to cooperate, and claims that the company was punished by being denied lucrative contracts.<ref>{{cite web \|last = D'Andrade \|first = Hugh \|title = Qwest CEO: NSA Punished Qwest for Refusing to Participate in Illegal Surveillance--Pre-9/11! \|work = Deeplinks blog \|publisher = Electronic Frontier Foundation \|date = October 17, 2007 \|url = https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2007/10/qwest-ceo-nsa-punished-qwest-refusing-participate-illegal-surveillance-pre-9-11 \|access-date = 2015-05-21 }}</ref>		In 2007, former [[Qwest]] CEO [[Joseph Nacchio]] alleged in court and provided supporting documentation that in February 2001 (nearly 7 months prior to the [[September 11 attacks]]) that the NSA proposed in a meeting to conduct blanket phone spying. He considered the spying to be illegal and refused to cooperate, and claims that the company was punished by being denied lucrative contracts.<ref>{{cite web \|last = D'Andrade \|first = Hugh \|title = Qwest CEO: NSA Punished Qwest for Refusing to Participate in Illegal Surveillance--Pre-9/11! \|work = Deeplinks blog \|publisher = Electronic Frontier Foundation \|date = October 17, 2007 \|url = https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2007/10/qwest-ceo-nsa-punished-qwest-refusing-participate-illegal-surveillance-pre-9-11 \|access-date = 2015-05-21 }}</ref>

	=== 2010–2013 ===		=== 2010–2013 ===
	In 2011, details of the [[mass surveillance industry]] were released by [[WikiLeaks]]. According to [[Julian Assange]], "We are in a world now where not only is it theoretically possible to record nearly all telecommunications traffic out of a country, all telephone calls, but where there is an [[mass surveillance industry\|international industry]] selling the devices now to do it."<ref>{{cite news\|title=Wikileaks disclosure shines light on Big Brother\|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/wikileaks-disclosure-shines-light-on-big-brother/\|work=CBS News\|date=December 1, 2011 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref>		In 2011 details of the [[mass surveillance industry]] were released by [[WikiLeaks]]. According to [[Julian Assange]], "We are in a world now where not only is it theoretically possible to record nearly all telecommunications traffic out of a country, all telephone calls, but where there is an [[mass surveillance industry\|international industry]] selling the devices now to do it."<ref>{{cite news\|title=Wikileaks disclosure shines light on Big Brother\|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/wikileaks-disclosure-shines-light-on-big-brother/\|work=CBS News\|date=December 1, 2011 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref>

	== Disclosures since 2013 ==		== Disclosures since 2013 ==

wikipedia>Mohammedraashid123 at 15:59, 19 December 2025

2025-12-19T15:59:00Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:59, 19 December 2025
Line 2:		Line 2:
	{{for\|later global surveillance disclosures\|Snowden disclosures}}		{{for\|later global surveillance disclosures\|Snowden disclosures}}
	{{Global surveillance}}		{{Global surveillance}}
	[[Global surveillance]] refers to the practice of [[globalization\|globalized]] [[mass surveillance]] on entire populations across national borders.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Webb\|first=Maureen\|title=Illusions of Security: Global Surveillance and Democracy in the Post-9/11 World\|year=2007\|publisher=[[City Lights Books]]\|location=San Francisco\|isbn=978-0872864764\|edition=1.\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/illusionsofsecur0000webb}}</ref> Although its existence was first revealed in the 1970s and led legislators to attempt to curb domestic spying by the [[National Security Agency]] (NSA), it did not receive sustained public attention until the existence of '''[[ECHELON]]''' was revealed in the 1980s and confirmed in the 1990s.<ref name="echelon">{{cite news\|last=Andrew Bomford\|title=Echelon spy network revealed\|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/503224.stm\|publisher=BBC\|date=3 November 1999 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> In 2013 it gained substantial worldwide media attention due to the [[global surveillance disclosure]] by [[Edward Snowden]].<ref name="gellman12wapo">{{cite news\|last=Barton Gellman\|author-link=Barton Gellman\|title=Edward Snowden, after months of NSA revelations, says his mission's accomplished\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/edward-snowden-after-months-of-nsa-revelations-says-his-missions-accomplished/2013/12/23/49fc36de-6c1c-11e3-a523-fe73f0ff6b8d_story.html\|date=24 December 2013\|newspaper=The Washington Post\|access-date=25 December 2013\|quote=Taken together, the revelations have brought to light a global surveillance system that cast off many of its historical restraints after the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001. Secret legal authorities empowered the NSA to sweep in the telephone, Internet and location records of whole populations.}}</ref>		[[Global surveillance]] refers to the practice of [[globalization\|globalized]] [[mass surveillance]] on entire populations across national borders.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Webb\|first=Maureen\|title=Illusions of Security: Global Surveillance and Democracy in the Post-9/11 World\|year=2007\|publisher=[[City Lights Books]]\|location=San Francisco\|isbn=978-0872864764\|edition=1.\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/illusionsofsecur0000webb}}</ref> Although its existence was first revealed in the 1970s and led legislators to attempt to curb domestic spying by the [[National Security Agency]] (NSA), it did not receive sustained public attention until the existence of '''[[ECHELON]]''' was revealed in the 1980s and confirmed in the 1990s.<ref name="echelon">{{cite news\|last=Andrew Bomford\|title=Echelon spy network revealed\|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/503224.stm\|publisher=BBC\|date=3 November 1999 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> In 2013 it gained substantial worldwide media attention due to the [[global surveillance disclosure]] by [[Edward Snowden]].<ref name="gellman12wapo">{{cite news\|last=Barton Gellman\|author-link=Barton Gellman\|title=Edward Snowden, after months of NSA revelations, says his mission's accomplished\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/edward-snowden-after-months-of-nsa-revelations-says-his-missions-accomplished/2013/12/23/49fc36de-6c1c-11e3-a523-fe73f0ff6b8d_story.html\|date=24 December 2013\|newspaper=The Washington Post\|access-date=25 December 2013\|quote=Taken together, the revelations have brought to light a global surveillance system that cast off many of its historical restraints after the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001. Secret legal authorities empowered the NSA to sweep in the telephone, Internet, and location records of whole populations.}}</ref>

	==History==		==History==
	=== 1970s ===		=== 1970s ===
	In ~~1972~~ NSA analyst [[Perry Fellwock]] (under the pseudonym "Winslow Peck") introduced the readers of ''[[Ramparts (magazine)\|Ramparts]]'' magazine to the NSA and the [[UKUSA Agreement]].<ref name="ramparts">{{cite news		In 197,2 NSA analyst [[Perry Fellwock]] (under the pseudonym "Winslow Peck") introduced the readers of ''[[Ramparts (magazine)\|Ramparts]]'' magazine to the NSA and the [[UKUSA Agreement]].<ref name="ramparts">{{cite news
	\|title=U.S. Electronic Espionage: A Memoir		\|title=U.S. Electronic Espionage: A Memoir
	\|work=Ramparts		\|work=Ramparts
	\|date=August 1972		\|date=August 1972
	\|pages=35–50		\|pages=35–50
	\|quote=The SIGINT community was defined by a TOP SECRET treaty signed in 1947. It was called the UKUSA treaty. The National Security Agency signed for the U.S. and became what's ~~called~~ First Party to the Treaty.}}</ref> In 1976, a separate article in ''[[Time Out (magazine)\|Time Out]]'' magazine revealed the existence of the [[GCHQ]].<ref>{{cite news		\|quote=The SIGINT community was defined by a TOP SECRET treaty signed in 1947. It was called the UKUSA treaty. The National Security Agency signed for the U.S. and became what's callethe d First Party to the Treaty.}}</ref> In 1976, a separate article in ''[[Time Out (magazine)\|Time Out]]'' magazine revealed the existence of the [[GCHQ]].<ref>{{cite news
	\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/aug/21/surveillance-secrecy-gchq		\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/aug/21/surveillance-secrecy-gchq
	\|title=Surveillance secrecy: the legacy of GCHQ's years under cover		\|title=Surveillance secrecy: the legacy of GCHQ's years under cover
Line 21:		Line 21:

	=== 1980s–1990s ===		=== 1980s–1990s ===
	In 1982 [[James Bamford]]'s book about the NSA, ''[[The Puzzle Palace]]'', was first published. Bamford's second book, ''[[Body of Secrets\|Body of Secrets: Anatomy of the Ultra-Secret National Security Agency]]'', was published two decades later.		In 1982, [[James Bamford]]'s book about the NSA, ''[[The Puzzle Palace]]'', was first published. Bamford's second book, ''[[Body of Secrets\|Body of Secrets: Anatomy of the Ultra-Secret National Security Agency]]'', was published two decades later.

	In 1988 the '''[[ECHELON]]''' network was revealed by [[Margaret Newsham]], a [[Lockheed Corporation\|Lockheed]] employee. Newsham told a member of the U.S. Congress that telephone calls of [[Strom Thurmond]], a [[Republican Party (United States)\|Republican]] U.S. senator, were being collected by the NSA. Congressional investigators determined that "targeting of U.S. political figures would not occur by accident. But was designed into the system from the start."<ref>{{citation		In 1988 the '''[[ECHELON]]''' network was revealed by [[Margaret Newsham]], a [[Lockheed Corporation\|Lockheed]] employee. Newsham told a member of the U.S. Congress that telephone calls of [[Strom Thurmond]], a [[Republican Party (United States)\|Republican]] U.S. senator, were being collected by the NSA. Congressional investigators determined that "targeting of U.S. political figures would not occur by accident. But was designed into the system from the start."<ref>{{citation
Line 45:		Line 45:
	On December 16, 2005, ''[[The New York Times]]'' published a report under the headline "[[George W. Bush\|Bush]] Lets U.S. Spy on Callers Without Courts," which was co-written by [[Eric Lichtblau]] and the [[Pulitzer Prize]]-winning journalist [[James Risen]]. According to ''The Times'', the article's date of publication was delayed for a year (past the next presidential election cycle) because of alleged national security concerns.<ref name=nytimes2005>{{cite news\|last=James Risen and Eric Lichtblau\|title=Bush Lets U.S. Spy on Callers Without Courts\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/16/politics/16program.html\|work=The New York Times\|date=December 16, 2005 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> [[Russ Tice]] was later revealed as a major source.		On December 16, 2005, ''[[The New York Times]]'' published a report under the headline "[[George W. Bush\|Bush]] Lets U.S. Spy on Callers Without Courts," which was co-written by [[Eric Lichtblau]] and the [[Pulitzer Prize]]-winning journalist [[James Risen]]. According to ''The Times'', the article's date of publication was delayed for a year (past the next presidential election cycle) because of alleged national security concerns.<ref name=nytimes2005>{{cite news\|last=James Risen and Eric Lichtblau\|title=Bush Lets U.S. Spy on Callers Without Courts\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/16/politics/16program.html\|work=The New York Times\|date=December 16, 2005 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> [[Russ Tice]] was later revealed as a major source.
	[[File:President Bush Speaking At Brooke Army Medical Center.jpg\|thumb\|left\|On January 1, 2006, President Bush emphasized that "This is a limited program designed to prevent attacks on the United States of America. And I repeat, limited."<ref name="White House">{{cite web \|date=January 1, 2006<!--, 12:05 PM CST -->\|title=President Visits Troops at Brooke Army Medical Center\|url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/01/20060101.html \|publisher=White House\|access-date=August 15, 2013}}</ref>]]		[[File:President Bush Speaking At Brooke Army Medical Center.jpg\|thumb\|left\|On January 1, 2006, President Bush emphasized that "This is a limited program designed to prevent attacks on the United States of America. And I repeat, limited."<ref name="White House">{{cite web \|date=January 1, 2006<!--, 12:05 PM CST -->\|title=President Visits Troops at Brooke Army Medical Center\|url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/01/20060101.html \|publisher=White House\|access-date=August 15, 2013}}</ref>]]
	In 2006, further details of the NSA's domestic surveillance of U.S. citizens ~~was~~ provided by ''[[USA Today]]''. The newspaper released a report on May 11, ~~2006~~ detailing the NSA's "massive database" of phone records collected from "tens of millions" of U.S. citizens. According to ''USA Today'', these phone records were provided by several telecom companies such as [[AT&T]], [[Verizon Communications\|Verizon]], and [[BellSouth]].<ref name=USATODAY1>{{cite news\|last=Leslie Cauley\|title=NSA has massive database of Americans' phone calls\|url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/washington/2006-05-10-nsa_x.htm\|work=[USA Today\|date=May 11, 2006 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> AT&T technician [[Mark Klein]] was later revealed as major source, specifically of rooms at network control centers on the internet backbone intercepting and recording all traffic passing through. In ~~2008~~ the security analyst [[Babak Pasdar]] revealed the existence of the so-called "Quantico circuit" that he and his team had set up in 2003. The circuit provided the U.S. federal government with a [[Backdoor (computing)\|backdoor]] into the network of an unnamed wireless provider, which was later independently identified as [[Verizon]].<ref name="Poulsen">{{cite magazine\|last=Poulsen\|first=Kevin\|title=Whistle-Blower: Feds Have a Backdoor Into Wireless Carrier—Congress Reacts\|url=https://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2008/03/whistleblower-f/\|magazine=Wired\|access-date=August 14, 2013\|date=March 6, 2008}}</ref>		In 2006, further details of the NSA's domestic surveillance of U.S. citizens were provided by ''[[USA Today]]''. The newspaper released a report on May 11, 200,6 detailing the NSA's "massive database" of phone records collected from "tens of millions" of U.S. citizens. According to ''USA Today'', these phone records were provided by several telecom companies such as [[AT&T]], [[Verizon Communications\|Verizon]], and [[BellSouth]].<ref name=USATODAY1>{{cite news\|last=Leslie Cauley\|title=NSA has massive database of Americans' phone calls\|url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/washington/2006-05-10-nsa_x.htm\|work=[USA Today\|date=May 11, 2006 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> AT&T technician [[Mark Klein]] was later revealed as major source, specifically of rooms at network control centers on the internet backbone intercepting and recording all traffic passing through. In 20,08 the security analyst [[Babak Pasdar]] revealed the existence of the so-called "Quantico circuit" that he and his team had set up in 2003. The circuit provided the U.S. federal government with a [[Backdoor (computing)\|backdoor]] into the network of an unnamed wireless provider, which was later independently identified as [[Verizon]].<ref name="Poulsen">{{cite magazine\|last=Poulsen\|first=Kevin\|title=Whistle-Blower: Feds Have a Backdoor Into Wireless Carrier—Congress Reacts\|url=https://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2008/03/whistleblower-f/\|magazine=Wired\|access-date=August 14, 2013\|date=March 6, 2008}}</ref>

	In 2007, former [[Qwest]] CEO [[Joseph Nacchio]] alleged in court and provided supporting documentation that in February 2001 (nearly 7 ~~months prior~~ to the [[September 11 attacks]]) ~~that~~ the NSA proposed in a meeting to conduct blanket phone spying. He considered the spying to be illegal and refused to cooperate, and claims that the company was punished by being denied lucrative contracts.<ref>{{cite web \|last = D'Andrade \|first = Hugh \|title = Qwest CEO: NSA Punished Qwest for Refusing to Participate in Illegal Surveillance--Pre-9/11! \|work = Deeplinks blog \|publisher = Electronic Frontier Foundation \|date = October 17, 2007 \|url = https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2007/10/qwest-ceo-nsa-punished-qwest-refusing-participate-illegal-surveillance-pre-9-11 \|access-date = 2015-05-21 }}</ref>		In 2007, former [[Qwest]] CEO [[Joseph Nacchio]] alleged in court and provided supporting documentation that in February 2001 (nearly 7 montbefore to the [[September 11 attacks]]), the NSA proposed in a meeting to conduct blanket phone spying. He considered the spying to be illegal and refused to cooperate, and claims that the company was punished by being denied lucrative contracts.<ref>{{cite web \|last = D'Andrade \|first = Hugh \|title = Qwest CEO: NSA Punished Qwest for Refusing to Participate in Illegal Surveillance--Pre-9/11! \|work = Deeplinks blog \|publisher = Electronic Frontier Foundation \|date = October 17, 2007 \|url = https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2007/10/qwest-ceo-nsa-punished-qwest-refusing-participate-illegal-surveillance-pre-9-11 \|access-date = 2015-05-21 }}</ref>

	=== 2010–2013 ===		=== 2010–2013 ===
	In 2011 details of the [[mass surveillance industry]] were released by [[WikiLeaks]]. According to [[Julian Assange]], "We are in a world now where not only is it theoretically possible to record nearly all telecommunications traffic out of a country, all telephone calls, but where there is an [[mass surveillance industry\|international industry]] selling the devices now to do it."<ref>{{cite news\|title=Wikileaks disclosure shines light on Big Brother\|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/wikileaks-disclosure-shines-light-on-big-brother/\|work=CBS News\|date=December 1, 2011 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref>		In 2011, details of the [[mass surveillance industry]] were released by [[WikiLeaks]]. According to [[Julian Assange]], "We are in a world now where not only is it theoretically possible to record nearly all telecommunications traffic out of a country, all telephone calls, but where there is an [[mass surveillance industry\|international industry]] selling the devices now to do it."<ref>{{cite news\|title=Wikileaks disclosure shines light on Big Brother\|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/wikileaks-disclosure-shines-light-on-big-brother/\|work=CBS News\|date=December 1, 2011 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref>

	== Disclosures since 2013 ==		== Disclosures since 2013 ==

wikipedia>Neelchauhan: 'Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present)' is now 'Snowden disclosures'

2025-12-18T22:43:43Z

'Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present)' is now 'Snowden disclosures'

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:43, 18 December 2025
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Short description\|None}}		{{Short description\|None}}
	{{for\|later global surveillance disclosures\|~~Global surveillance~~ disclosures ~~(2013–present)~~}}		{{for\|later global surveillance disclosures\|Snowden disclosures}}
	{{Global surveillance}}		{{Global surveillance}}
	[[Global surveillance]] refers to the practice of [[globalization\|globalized]] [[mass surveillance]] on entire populations across national borders.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Webb\|first=Maureen\|title=Illusions of Security: Global Surveillance and Democracy in the Post-9/11 World\|year=2007\|publisher=[[City Lights Books]]\|location=San Francisco\|isbn=978-0872864764\|edition=1.\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/illusionsofsecur0000webb}}</ref> Although its existence was first revealed in the 1970s and led legislators to attempt to curb domestic spying by the [[National Security Agency]] (NSA), it did not receive sustained public attention until the existence of '''[[ECHELON]]''' was revealed in the 1980s and confirmed in the 1990s.<ref name="echelon">{{cite news\|last=Andrew Bomford\|title=Echelon spy network revealed\|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/503224.stm\|publisher=BBC\|date=3 November 1999 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> In 2013 it gained substantial worldwide media attention due to the [[global surveillance disclosure]] by [[Edward Snowden]].<ref name="gellman12wapo">{{cite news\|last=Barton Gellman\|author-link=Barton Gellman\|title=Edward Snowden, after months of NSA revelations, says his mission's accomplished\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/edward-snowden-after-months-of-nsa-revelations-says-his-missions-accomplished/2013/12/23/49fc36de-6c1c-11e3-a523-fe73f0ff6b8d_story.html\|date=24 December 2013\|newspaper=The Washington Post\|access-date=25 December 2013\|quote=Taken together, the revelations have brought to light a global surveillance system that cast off many of its historical restraints after the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001. Secret legal authorities empowered the NSA to sweep in the telephone, Internet and location records of whole populations.}}</ref>		[[Global surveillance]] refers to the practice of [[globalization\|globalized]] [[mass surveillance]] on entire populations across national borders.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Webb\|first=Maureen\|title=Illusions of Security: Global Surveillance and Democracy in the Post-9/11 World\|year=2007\|publisher=[[City Lights Books]]\|location=San Francisco\|isbn=978-0872864764\|edition=1.\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/illusionsofsecur0000webb}}</ref> Although its existence was first revealed in the 1970s and led legislators to attempt to curb domestic spying by the [[National Security Agency]] (NSA), it did not receive sustained public attention until the existence of '''[[ECHELON]]''' was revealed in the 1980s and confirmed in the 1990s.<ref name="echelon">{{cite news\|last=Andrew Bomford\|title=Echelon spy network revealed\|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/503224.stm\|publisher=BBC\|date=3 November 1999 \|access-date= April 11, 2015}}</ref> In 2013 it gained substantial worldwide media attention due to the [[global surveillance disclosure]] by [[Edward Snowden]].<ref name="gellman12wapo">{{cite news\|last=Barton Gellman\|author-link=Barton Gellman\|title=Edward Snowden, after months of NSA revelations, says his mission's accomplished\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/edward-snowden-after-months-of-nsa-revelations-says-his-missions-accomplished/2013/12/23/49fc36de-6c1c-11e3-a523-fe73f0ff6b8d_story.html\|date=24 December 2013\|newspaper=The Washington Post\|access-date=25 December 2013\|quote=Taken together, the revelations have brought to light a global surveillance system that cast off many of its historical restraints after the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001. Secret legal authorities empowered the NSA to sweep in the telephone, Internet and location records of whole populations.}}</ref>
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	== Disclosures since 2013 ==		== Disclosures since 2013 ==
	{{main\|~~Global surveillance~~ disclosures ~~(2013–present)~~}}		{{main\|Snowden disclosures}}

	== See also ==		== See also ==