Heartburn in pregnancy - Revision history

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	~~{{Infobox medical condition~~
	~~\| name = Heartburn in pregnancy~~
	~~\| synonyms = Indigestion in pregnancy, acid reflux in pregnancy<ref name=NHS2026/>~~
	~~\| specialty = [[Family medicine]], [[obstetrics and gynecology]]~~
	~~\| symptoms = [[heartburn\|Burning in the chest or throat]]<ref name=BMJ2015/>~~
	~~\| complications = [[esophagitis\|Inflammation of the esophagus]], cough, [[asthma]]<ref name=BMJ2015/><ref name=Dun2022/>~~
	~~\| causes = Pressure from the baby, [[hormone]] changes<ref name=NHS2026/>~~
	~~\| risks = Fatty or spicy food<ref name=Dun2022/>~~
	~~\| diagnosis = Based on symptoms<ref name=BMJ2015/><ref name=Dun2022/>~~
	~~\| differential = [[Peptic ulcer disease]], [[achalasia]], [[preeclampsia]], [[liver disease in pregnancy]]<ref name=Dun2022/>~~
	~~\| prevention =~~
	~~\| treatment = Small frequent meals, avoiding eating before sleeping, sleeping with head raised, reducing [[caffeine]]<ref name=NHS2026/><ref name=BMJ2015/>~~
	~~\| medication = [[Antacids]], [[sucralfate]], [[H2 blockers]], [[proton pump inhibitors]]<ref name=BMJ2015/><ref name=Dun2022/>~~
	~~\| prognosis = Generally resolves after [[childbirth\|delivery]]<ref name=Dun2022/>~~
	~~\| frequency = 17 to 45%<ref name=BMJ2015/>~~
	}}
	<!-- Definition and symptoms -->		<!-- Definition and symptoms -->

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	~~{{Broader\|Heartburn\|Gastroesophageal reflux disease}}~~
	~~<!-- Please do not remove or change this AfD message until the discussion has been closed. -->~~

	~~{{Article for deletion/dated\|page=Heartburn in pregnancy\|timestamp=20260920111717\|year=2026\|month=September\|day=20\|substed=yes\|help=off\|outcome=merging\|target=Heartburn}}~~
	~~<!-- Once discussion is closed, please place on talk page: {{Old AfD multi\|page=Heartburn in pregnancy\|date=20 September 2026\|result='''keep'''}} -->~~
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	{{Infobox medical condition		{{Infobox medical condition
	\| name = Heartburn in pregnancy		\| name = Heartburn in pregnancy

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wikipedia>Citation bot: Altered url. URLs might have been anonymized. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Headbomb | Category:CS1 maint: article number as page number | #UCB_template | Whitelisted category 30/156

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	== Causes ==		== Causes ==
	The sensation of heartburn appears when [[stomach acid]] passes from the [[stomach]] into the [[esophagus]].<ref>{{Cite Q\|Q141535128\|pages=426\|url=https://~~www~~.google.ru/books~~/edition/Maternal_Fetal_Neonatal_Physiology/2y6zOSQcn14C~~?hl=~~en&gbpv=1~~&pg=PA426~~&printsec=frontcover~~}}</ref> In pregnancy, [[progesterone]] and [[estrogen]] levels are elevated in the [[blood]], increasing throughout pregnancy.<ref>{{Cite Q\|Q141537292}}</ref> Progesterone and estrogen affect the [[lower esophageal sphincter]] by relaxing its smooth muscles and decreasing its pressure, which holds stomach contents from going up into the [[Oesophagus\|oesophageal lumen]].<ref name="BMJ2015" /><ref>{{Cite Q\|Q141537957}}</ref> On the other hand, the growing baby may also play a role by creating additional pressure to the stomach and increasing intragastric pressure.<ref name="BMJ2015" /><ref>{{Cite Q\|Q141537957}}</ref> Another possible contributing factor is the displacement of the lower esophageal sphincter up into the [[thoracic cavity]] during pregnancy.<ref name="BMJ2015" /> The thoracic cavity has negative pressure, so it can decrease lower esophageal sphincter pressure.<ref name="BMJ2015" /><ref>{{Cite Q\|Q51002982}}</ref>		The sensation of heartburn appears when [[stomach acid]] passes from the [[stomach]] into the [[esophagus]].<ref>{{Cite Q\|Q141535128\|pages=426\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2y6zOSQcn14C&pg=PA426}}</ref> In pregnancy, [[progesterone]] and [[estrogen]] levels are elevated in the [[blood]], increasing throughout pregnancy.<ref>{{Cite Q\|Q141537292}}</ref> Progesterone and estrogen affect the [[lower esophageal sphincter]] by relaxing its smooth muscles and decreasing its pressure, which holds stomach contents from going up into the [[Oesophagus\|oesophageal lumen]].<ref name="BMJ2015" /><ref>{{Cite Q\|Q141537957}}</ref> On the other hand, the growing baby may also play a role by creating additional pressure to the stomach and increasing intragastric pressure.<ref name="BMJ2015" /><ref>{{Cite Q\|Q141537957}}</ref> Another possible contributing factor is the displacement of the lower esophageal sphincter up into the [[thoracic cavity]] during pregnancy.<ref name="BMJ2015" /> The thoracic cavity has negative pressure, so it can decrease lower esophageal sphincter pressure.<ref name="BMJ2015" /><ref>{{Cite Q\|Q51002982}}</ref>

	== Treatment ==		== Treatment ==

wikipedia>D6194c-1cc: /* Treatment */ Added a more appropriate source which states that step-up approach is common. // Used templates: Cite Q

2026-09-26T12:20:59Z

Treatment: Added a more appropriate source which states that step-up approach is common. // Used templates: Cite Q

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:20, 26 September 2026
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	Mild heartburn in pregnancy can be treated by lifestyle modifications.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding eating too much food at a time can help prevent [[indigestion]], so smaller meals several times a day might be preferable during pregnancy than three large meals.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding spicy food, fatty food, and caffeine prevents symptoms from worsening.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Chewing gum stimulates saliva production, which can neutralize stomach acid, so chewing gum is also often recommended, but it is not known whether it is effective.<ref name=":2">{{Cite Q\|Q24187104}}</ref> Avoiding lying down for some time after eating and sleeping with the head and shoulders elevated can stop [[stomach acid]] from going up the [[esophagus]].<ref name="NHS2026" /> Drinking alcohol and smoking [[tobacco]] can lead to indigestion and can also harm the baby, so cessation is the common advice.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="NHS2026" /> Also, medications that cause heartburn may be avoided.<ref name=":2" />		Mild heartburn in pregnancy can be treated by lifestyle modifications.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding eating too much food at a time can help prevent [[indigestion]], so smaller meals several times a day might be preferable during pregnancy than three large meals.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding spicy food, fatty food, and caffeine prevents symptoms from worsening.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Chewing gum stimulates saliva production, which can neutralize stomach acid, so chewing gum is also often recommended, but it is not known whether it is effective.<ref name=":2">{{Cite Q\|Q24187104}}</ref> Avoiding lying down for some time after eating and sleeping with the head and shoulders elevated can stop [[stomach acid]] from going up the [[esophagus]].<ref name="NHS2026" /> Drinking alcohol and smoking [[tobacco]] can lead to indigestion and can also harm the baby, so cessation is the common advice.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="NHS2026" /> Also, medications that cause heartburn may be avoided.<ref name=":2" />

	Medications are often used when lifestyle changes are not effective.<ref name=":2" /> For symptomatic [[GERD]] in pregnancy, a step-up algorithm exists.<ref ~~name=":1"~~ /><ref name=":0" /> According to a review published in 2022, it includes a few steps, each of which can be tried if the previous one did not help.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> The algorithm involves lifestyle modifications, [[Antacid\|antacids]], [[sucralfate]], [[H2 receptor antagonist\|histamine-2 receptor antagonists]] and [[Proton-pump inhibitor\|proton pump inhibitors]] (histamine-2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors were suggested to be used with antacids).<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />		Medications are often used when lifestyle changes are not effective.<ref name=":2" /> For symptomatic [[GERD]] in pregnancy, a step-up algorithm exists.<ref>{{Cite Q\|Q141566770}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> According to a review published in 2022, it includes a few steps, each of which can be tried if the previous one did not help.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> The algorithm involves lifestyle modifications, [[Antacid\|antacids]], [[sucralfate]], [[H2 receptor antagonist\|histamine-2 receptor antagonists]] and [[Proton-pump inhibitor\|proton pump inhibitors]] (histamine-2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors were suggested to be used with antacids).<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />

	According to the 2015 Cochrane systematic review, medications seem to be effective in relieving heartburn during pregnancy, but the review couldn't determine which medication is the best.<ref name=":2" /> Another 2015 systematic review found that [[Antacid\|antacids]] may be effective,<ref name="BMJ2015" /> and there is a consensus that they should be used if lifestyle changes did not work.<ref name=":1" />		According to the 2015 Cochrane systematic review, medications seem to be effective in relieving heartburn during pregnancy, but the review couldn't determine which medication is the best.<ref name=":2" /> Another 2015 systematic review found that [[Antacid\|antacids]] may be effective,<ref name="BMJ2015" /> and there is a consensus that they should be used if lifestyle changes did not work.<ref name=":1" />

wikipedia>D6194c-1cc: /* Treatment */ Added a see also wikilink to the gastroesophageal reflux disease article. // Used templates: See also

2026-09-26T08:44:36Z

Treatment: Added a see also wikilink to the gastroesophageal reflux disease article. // Used templates: See also

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	== Treatment ==		== Treatment ==
			{{See also\|Gastroesophageal reflux disease#Pregnancy}}
	Mild heartburn in pregnancy can be treated by lifestyle modifications.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding eating too much food at a time can help prevent [[indigestion]], so smaller meals several times a day might be preferable during pregnancy than three large meals.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding spicy food, fatty food, and caffeine prevents symptoms from worsening.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Chewing gum stimulates saliva production, which can neutralize stomach acid, so chewing gum is also often recommended, but it is not known whether it is effective.<ref name=":2">{{Cite Q\|Q24187104}}</ref> Avoiding lying down for some time after eating and sleeping with the head and shoulders elevated can stop [[stomach acid]] from going up the [[esophagus]].<ref name="NHS2026" /> Drinking alcohol and smoking [[tobacco]] can lead to indigestion and can also harm the baby, so cessation is the common advice.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="NHS2026" /> Also, medications that cause heartburn may be avoided.<ref name=":2" />		Mild heartburn in pregnancy can be treated by lifestyle modifications.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding eating too much food at a time can help prevent [[indigestion]], so smaller meals several times a day might be preferable during pregnancy than three large meals.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding spicy food, fatty food, and caffeine prevents symptoms from worsening.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Chewing gum stimulates saliva production, which can neutralize stomach acid, so chewing gum is also often recommended, but it is not known whether it is effective.<ref name=":2">{{Cite Q\|Q24187104}}</ref> Avoiding lying down for some time after eating and sleeping with the head and shoulders elevated can stop [[stomach acid]] from going up the [[esophagus]].<ref name="NHS2026" /> Drinking alcohol and smoking [[tobacco]] can lead to indigestion and can also harm the baby, so cessation is the common advice.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="NHS2026" /> Also, medications that cause heartburn may be avoided.<ref name=":2" />

wikipedia>D6194c-1cc: /* Treatment */ Split information about the treatment into separate paragraphs to prevent any possible original research, since one paragraph is about GERD, and another is about heartburn (which can possibly include cases diagnosed as non-GERD).

2026-09-26T08:41:13Z

Treatment: Split information about the treatment into separate paragraphs to prevent any possible original research, since one paragraph is about GERD, and another is about heartburn (which can possibly include cases diagnosed as non-GERD).

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:41, 26 September 2026
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	Mild heartburn in pregnancy can be treated by lifestyle modifications.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding eating too much food at a time can help prevent [[indigestion]], so smaller meals several times a day might be preferable during pregnancy than three large meals.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding spicy food, fatty food, and caffeine prevents symptoms from worsening.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Chewing gum stimulates saliva production, which can neutralize stomach acid, so chewing gum is also often recommended, but it is not known whether it is effective.<ref name=":2">{{Cite Q\|Q24187104}}</ref> Avoiding lying down for some time after eating and sleeping with the head and shoulders elevated can stop [[stomach acid]] from going up the [[esophagus]].<ref name="NHS2026" /> Drinking alcohol and smoking [[tobacco]] can lead to indigestion and can also harm the baby, so cessation is the common advice.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="NHS2026" /> Also, medications that cause heartburn may be avoided.<ref name=":2" />		Mild heartburn in pregnancy can be treated by lifestyle modifications.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding eating too much food at a time can help prevent [[indigestion]], so smaller meals several times a day might be preferable during pregnancy than three large meals.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding spicy food, fatty food, and caffeine prevents symptoms from worsening.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Chewing gum stimulates saliva production, which can neutralize stomach acid, so chewing gum is also often recommended, but it is not known whether it is effective.<ref name=":2">{{Cite Q\|Q24187104}}</ref> Avoiding lying down for some time after eating and sleeping with the head and shoulders elevated can stop [[stomach acid]] from going up the [[esophagus]].<ref name="NHS2026" /> Drinking alcohol and smoking [[tobacco]] can lead to indigestion and can also harm the baby, so cessation is the common advice.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="NHS2026" /> Also, medications that cause heartburn may be avoided.<ref name=":2" />

	Medications are often used when lifestyle changes are not effective.<ref name=":2" /> For symptomatic [[GERD]] in pregnancy, a step-up algorithm exists.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> According to a review published in 2022, it includes a few steps, each of which can be tried if the previous one did not help.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> The algorithm involves lifestyle modifications, [[Antacid\|antacids]], [[sucralfate]], [[H2 receptor antagonist\|histamine-2 receptor antagonists]] and [[Proton-pump inhibitor\|proton pump inhibitors]] (histamine-2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors were suggested to be used with antacids).<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> According to the 2015 Cochrane systematic review, medications seem to be effective in relieving ~~the symptoms~~, but the review couldn't determine which medication is the best.<ref name=":2" /> Another 2015 systematic review found that [[Antacid\|antacids]] may be effective,<ref name="BMJ2015" /> and there is a consensus that they should be used if lifestyle changes did not work.<ref name=":1" />		Medications are often used when lifestyle changes are not effective.<ref name=":2" /> For symptomatic [[GERD]] in pregnancy, a step-up algorithm exists.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> According to a review published in 2022, it includes a few steps, each of which can be tried if the previous one did not help.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> The algorithm involves lifestyle modifications, [[Antacid\|antacids]], [[sucralfate]], [[H2 receptor antagonist\|histamine-2 receptor antagonists]] and [[Proton-pump inhibitor\|proton pump inhibitors]] (histamine-2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors were suggested to be used with antacids).<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />

			According to the 2015 Cochrane systematic review, medications seem to be effective in relieving heartburn during pregnancy, but the review couldn't determine which medication is the best.<ref name=":2" /> Another 2015 systematic review found that [[Antacid\|antacids]] may be effective,<ref name="BMJ2015" /> and there is a consensus that they should be used if lifestyle changes did not work.<ref name=":1" />

	== Prognosis ==		== Prognosis ==

wikipedia>D6194c-1cc: /* Treatment */ Added a wikilink and removed another one.

2026-09-25T14:55:09Z

Treatment: Added a wikilink and removed another one.

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	Mild heartburn in pregnancy can be treated by lifestyle modifications.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding eating too much food at a time can help prevent [[indigestion]], so smaller meals several times a day might be preferable during pregnancy than three large meals.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding spicy food, fatty food, and caffeine prevents symptoms from worsening.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Chewing gum stimulates saliva production, which can neutralize stomach acid, so chewing gum is also often recommended, but it is not known whether it is effective.<ref name=":2">{{Cite Q\|Q24187104}}</ref> Avoiding lying down for some time after eating and sleeping with the head and shoulders elevated can stop [[stomach acid]] from going up the [[esophagus]].<ref name="NHS2026" /> Drinking alcohol and smoking [[tobacco]] can lead to indigestion and can also harm the baby, so cessation is the common advice.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="NHS2026" /> Also, medications that cause heartburn may be avoided.<ref name=":2" />		Mild heartburn in pregnancy can be treated by lifestyle modifications.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding eating too much food at a time can help prevent [[indigestion]], so smaller meals several times a day might be preferable during pregnancy than three large meals.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding spicy food, fatty food, and caffeine prevents symptoms from worsening.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Chewing gum stimulates saliva production, which can neutralize stomach acid, so chewing gum is also often recommended, but it is not known whether it is effective.<ref name=":2">{{Cite Q\|Q24187104}}</ref> Avoiding lying down for some time after eating and sleeping with the head and shoulders elevated can stop [[stomach acid]] from going up the [[esophagus]].<ref name="NHS2026" /> Drinking alcohol and smoking [[tobacco]] can lead to indigestion and can also harm the baby, so cessation is the common advice.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="NHS2026" /> Also, medications that cause heartburn may be avoided.<ref name=":2" />

	Medications are often used when lifestyle changes are not effective.<ref name=":2" /> For symptomatic GERD in pregnancy, a step-up algorithm exists.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> According to a review published in 2022, it includes a few steps, each of which can be tried if the previous one did not help.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> The algorithm involves lifestyle modifications, [[Antacid\|antacids]], [[sucralfate]], [[H2 receptor antagonist\|histamine-2 receptor antagonists]] and [[Proton-pump inhibitor\|proton pump inhibitors]] (~~[[H2 receptor antagonist\|~~histamine-2 receptor antagonists]] and proton pump inhibitors were suggested to be used with antacids).<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> According to the 2015 Cochrane systematic review, medications seem to be effective in relieving the symptoms, but the review couldn't determine which medication is the best.<ref name=":2" /> Another 2015 systematic review found that [[Antacid\|antacids]] may be effective,<ref name="BMJ2015" /> and there is a consensus that they should be used if lifestyle changes did not work.<ref name=":1" />		Medications are often used when lifestyle changes are not effective.<ref name=":2" /> For symptomatic [[GERD]] in pregnancy, a step-up algorithm exists.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> According to a review published in 2022, it includes a few steps, each of which can be tried if the previous one did not help.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> The algorithm involves lifestyle modifications, [[Antacid\|antacids]], [[sucralfate]], [[H2 receptor antagonist\|histamine-2 receptor antagonists]] and [[Proton-pump inhibitor\|proton pump inhibitors]] (histamine-2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors were suggested to be used with antacids).<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> According to the 2015 Cochrane systematic review, medications seem to be effective in relieving the symptoms, but the review couldn't determine which medication is the best.<ref name=":2" /> Another 2015 systematic review found that [[Antacid\|antacids]] may be effective,<ref name="BMJ2015" /> and there is a consensus that they should be used if lifestyle changes did not work.<ref name=":1" />

	== Prognosis ==		== Prognosis ==

wikipedia>D6194c-1cc: /* Treatment */ a small fix

2026-09-25T06:32:29Z

Treatment: a small fix

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:32, 25 September 2026
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	Mild heartburn in pregnancy can be treated by lifestyle modifications.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding eating too much food at a time can help prevent [[indigestion]], so smaller meals several times a day might be preferable during pregnancy than three large meals.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding spicy food, fatty food, and caffeine prevents symptoms from worsening.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Chewing gum stimulates saliva production, which can neutralize stomach acid, so chewing gum is also often recommended, but it is not known whether it is effective.<ref name=":2">{{Cite Q\|Q24187104}}</ref> Avoiding lying down for some time after eating and sleeping with the head and shoulders elevated can stop [[stomach acid]] from going up the [[esophagus]].<ref name="NHS2026" /> Drinking alcohol and smoking [[tobacco]] can lead to indigestion and can also harm the baby, so cessation is the common advice.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="NHS2026" /> Also, medications that cause heartburn may be avoided.<ref name=":2" />		Mild heartburn in pregnancy can be treated by lifestyle modifications.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding eating too much food at a time can help prevent [[indigestion]], so smaller meals several times a day might be preferable during pregnancy than three large meals.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding spicy food, fatty food, and caffeine prevents symptoms from worsening.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Chewing gum stimulates saliva production, which can neutralize stomach acid, so chewing gum is also often recommended, but it is not known whether it is effective.<ref name=":2">{{Cite Q\|Q24187104}}</ref> Avoiding lying down for some time after eating and sleeping with the head and shoulders elevated can stop [[stomach acid]] from going up the [[esophagus]].<ref name="NHS2026" /> Drinking alcohol and smoking [[tobacco]] can lead to indigestion and can also harm the baby, so cessation is the common advice.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="NHS2026" /> Also, medications that cause heartburn may be avoided.<ref name=":2" />

	Medications are often used when lifestyle changes are not effective.<ref name=":2" /> For symptomatic GERD in pregnancy, a step-up algorithm exists.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> According to a review published in 2022, it includes a few steps, each of which can be tried if the previous one did not help.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> The algorithm involves lifestyle modifications, [[Antacid\|antacids]], [[sucralfate]], [[H2 receptor antagonist\|histamine-2 receptor antagonists]] and [[Proton-pump inhibitor\|proton pump inhibitors]] ([[H2 receptor antagonist\|histamine-2 receptor antagonists]] and proton pump inhibitors were suggested to be used with antacids).<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> According to the 2015 Cochrane systematic review, ~~they~~ seem to be effective in relieving the symptoms, but the review couldn't determine which medication is the best.<ref name=":2" /> Another 2015 systematic review found that [[Antacid\|antacids]] may be effective,<ref name="BMJ2015" /> and there is a consensus that they should be used if lifestyle changes did not work.<ref name=":1" />		Medications are often used when lifestyle changes are not effective.<ref name=":2" /> For symptomatic GERD in pregnancy, a step-up algorithm exists.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> According to a review published in 2022, it includes a few steps, each of which can be tried if the previous one did not help.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> The algorithm involves lifestyle modifications, [[Antacid\|antacids]], [[sucralfate]], [[H2 receptor antagonist\|histamine-2 receptor antagonists]] and [[Proton-pump inhibitor\|proton pump inhibitors]] ([[H2 receptor antagonist\|histamine-2 receptor antagonists]] and proton pump inhibitors were suggested to be used with antacids).<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> According to the 2015 Cochrane systematic review, medications seem to be effective in relieving the symptoms, but the review couldn't determine which medication is the best.<ref name=":2" /> Another 2015 systematic review found that [[Antacid\|antacids]] may be effective,<ref name="BMJ2015" /> and there is a consensus that they should be used if lifestyle changes did not work.<ref name=":1" />

	== Prognosis ==		== Prognosis ==

wikipedia>D6194c-1cc: /* Treatment */ Added some more information on the treatment if heartburn is diagnosed as GERD.

2026-09-25T06:31:13Z

Treatment: Added some more information on the treatment if heartburn is diagnosed as GERD.

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:31, 25 September 2026
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	Mild heartburn in pregnancy can be treated by lifestyle modifications.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding eating too much food at a time can help prevent [[indigestion]], so smaller meals several times a day might be preferable during pregnancy than three large meals.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding spicy food, fatty food, and caffeine prevents symptoms from worsening.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Chewing gum stimulates saliva production, which can neutralize stomach acid, so chewing gum is also often recommended, but it is not known whether it is effective.<ref name=":2">{{Cite Q\|Q24187104}}</ref> Avoiding lying down for some time after eating and sleeping with the head and shoulders elevated can stop [[stomach acid]] from going up the [[esophagus]].<ref name="NHS2026" /> Drinking alcohol and smoking [[tobacco]] can lead to indigestion and can also harm the baby, so cessation is the common advice.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="NHS2026" /> Also, medications that cause heartburn may be avoided.<ref name=":2" />		Mild heartburn in pregnancy can be treated by lifestyle modifications.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding eating too much food at a time can help prevent [[indigestion]], so smaller meals several times a day might be preferable during pregnancy than three large meals.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding spicy food, fatty food, and caffeine prevents symptoms from worsening.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Chewing gum stimulates saliva production, which can neutralize stomach acid, so chewing gum is also often recommended, but it is not known whether it is effective.<ref name=":2">{{Cite Q\|Q24187104}}</ref> Avoiding lying down for some time after eating and sleeping with the head and shoulders elevated can stop [[stomach acid]] from going up the [[esophagus]].<ref name="NHS2026" /> Drinking alcohol and smoking [[tobacco]] can lead to indigestion and can also harm the baby, so cessation is the common advice.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="NHS2026" /> Also, medications that cause heartburn may be avoided.<ref name=":2" />

	Medications are often used when lifestyle changes are not effective.<ref name=":2" /> According to the 2015 Cochrane systematic review they seem to be effective in relieving the symptoms, but the review couldn't determine which medication is the best.<ref name=":2" /> Another 2015 systematic review found that [[Antacid\|antacids]] may be effective,<ref name="BMJ2015" /> and there is a consensus that they should be used if lifestyle changes did not work~~.<ref name=":1" /> Some other medications are used to treat typical [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease\|GERD]], such as [[sucralfate]] and [[H2 receptor antagonist\|histamine-2 receptor antagonists]]~~.<ref name=":1" />		Medications are often used when lifestyle changes are not effective.<ref name=":2" /> For symptomatic GERD in pregnancy, a step-up algorithm exists.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> According to a review published in 2022, it includes a few steps, each of which can be tried if the previous one did not help.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> The algorithm involves lifestyle modifications, [[Antacid\|antacids]], [[sucralfate]], [[H2 receptor antagonist\|histamine-2 receptor antagonists]] and [[Proton-pump inhibitor\|proton pump inhibitors]] ([[H2 receptor antagonist\|histamine-2 receptor antagonists]] and proton pump inhibitors were suggested to be used with antacids).<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> According to the 2015 Cochrane systematic review, they seem to be effective in relieving the symptoms, but the review couldn't determine which medication is the best.<ref name=":2" /> Another 2015 systematic review found that [[Antacid\|antacids]] may be effective,<ref name="BMJ2015" /> and there is a consensus that they should be used if lifestyle changes did not work.<ref name=":1" />

	== Prognosis ==		== Prognosis ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:36, 1 October 2026
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	~~{{Infobox medical condition~~
	~~\| name = Heartburn in pregnancy~~
	~~\| synonyms = Indigestion in pregnancy, acid reflux in pregnancy<ref name=NHS2026/>~~
	~~\| specialty = [[Family medicine]], [[obstetrics and gynecology]]~~
	~~\| symptoms = [[heartburn\|Burning in the chest or throat]]<ref name=BMJ2015/>~~
	~~\| complications = [[esophagitis\|Inflammation of the esophagus]], cough, [[asthma]]<ref name=BMJ2015/><ref name=Dun2022/>~~
	~~\| causes = Pressure from the baby, [[hormone]] changes<ref name=NHS2026/>~~
	~~\| risks = Fatty or spicy food<ref name=Dun2022/>~~
	~~\| diagnosis = Based on symptoms<ref name=BMJ2015/><ref name=Dun2022/>~~
	~~\| differential = [[Peptic ulcer disease]], [[achalasia]], [[preeclampsia]], [[liver disease in pregnancy]]<ref name=Dun2022/>~~
	~~\| prevention =~~
	~~\| treatment = Small frequent meals, avoiding eating before sleeping, sleeping with head raised, reducing [[caffeine]]<ref name=NHS2026/><ref name=BMJ2015/>~~
	~~\| medication = [[Antacids]], [[sucralfate]], [[H2 blockers]], [[proton pump inhibitors]]<ref name=BMJ2015/><ref name=Dun2022/>~~
	~~\| prognosis = Generally resolves after [[childbirth\|delivery]]<ref name=Dun2022/>~~
	~~\| frequency = 17 to 45%<ref name=BMJ2015/>~~
	}}
	<!-- Definition and symptoms -->		<!-- Definition and symptoms -->

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:20, 26 September 2026
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	Mild heartburn in pregnancy can be treated by lifestyle modifications.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding eating too much food at a time can help prevent [[indigestion]], so smaller meals several times a day might be preferable during pregnancy than three large meals.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding spicy food, fatty food, and caffeine prevents symptoms from worsening.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Chewing gum stimulates saliva production, which can neutralize stomach acid, so chewing gum is also often recommended, but it is not known whether it is effective.<ref name=":2">{{Cite Q\|Q24187104}}</ref> Avoiding lying down for some time after eating and sleeping with the head and shoulders elevated can stop [[stomach acid]] from going up the [[esophagus]].<ref name="NHS2026" /> Drinking alcohol and smoking [[tobacco]] can lead to indigestion and can also harm the baby, so cessation is the common advice.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="NHS2026" /> Also, medications that cause heartburn may be avoided.<ref name=":2" />		Mild heartburn in pregnancy can be treated by lifestyle modifications.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding eating too much food at a time can help prevent [[indigestion]], so smaller meals several times a day might be preferable during pregnancy than three large meals.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Avoiding spicy food, fatty food, and caffeine prevents symptoms from worsening.<ref name="NHS2026" /> Chewing gum stimulates saliva production, which can neutralize stomach acid, so chewing gum is also often recommended, but it is not known whether it is effective.<ref name=":2">{{Cite Q\|Q24187104}}</ref> Avoiding lying down for some time after eating and sleeping with the head and shoulders elevated can stop [[stomach acid]] from going up the [[esophagus]].<ref name="NHS2026" /> Drinking alcohol and smoking [[tobacco]] can lead to indigestion and can also harm the baby, so cessation is the common advice.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="NHS2026" /> Also, medications that cause heartburn may be avoided.<ref name=":2" />

	Medications are often used when lifestyle changes are not effective.<ref name=":2" /> For symptomatic [[GERD]] in pregnancy, a step-up algorithm exists.<ref ~~name=":1"~~ /><ref name=":0" /> According to a review published in 2022, it includes a few steps, each of which can be tried if the previous one did not help.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> The algorithm involves lifestyle modifications, [[Antacid\|antacids]], [[sucralfate]], [[H2 receptor antagonist\|histamine-2 receptor antagonists]] and [[Proton-pump inhibitor\|proton pump inhibitors]] (histamine-2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors were suggested to be used with antacids).<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />		Medications are often used when lifestyle changes are not effective.<ref name=":2" /> For symptomatic [[GERD]] in pregnancy, a step-up algorithm exists.<ref>{{Cite Q\|Q141566770}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> According to a review published in 2022, it includes a few steps, each of which can be tried if the previous one did not help.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> The algorithm involves lifestyle modifications, [[Antacid\|antacids]], [[sucralfate]], [[H2 receptor antagonist\|histamine-2 receptor antagonists]] and [[Proton-pump inhibitor\|proton pump inhibitors]] (histamine-2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors were suggested to be used with antacids).<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />

	According to the 2015 Cochrane systematic review, medications seem to be effective in relieving heartburn during pregnancy, but the review couldn't determine which medication is the best.<ref name=":2" /> Another 2015 systematic review found that [[Antacid\|antacids]] may be effective,<ref name="BMJ2015" /> and there is a consensus that they should be used if lifestyle changes did not work.<ref name=":1" />		According to the 2015 Cochrane systematic review, medications seem to be effective in relieving heartburn during pregnancy, but the review couldn't determine which medication is the best.<ref name=":2" /> Another 2015 systematic review found that [[Antacid\|antacids]] may be effective,<ref name="BMJ2015" /> and there is a consensus that they should be used if lifestyle changes did not work.<ref name=":1" />