Second encirclement campaign against the Honghu Soviet - Revision history

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 The '''second encirclement campaign against the Honghu Soviet''' was an [[encirclement campaign]] launched by the Chinese [[Nationalist Government]] that was intended to destroy the [[Chinese Communist Party]]'s [[Honghu Soviet]] and its [[Chinese Red Army]]. The Red Army successfully defended their soviet republic against [[Kuomintang|Nationalist]] attacks from 1 March 1931 to early June 1931.
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 == References ==
 <references />
 [[Category:Encirclement campaigns (Chinese Civil War)]]

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wikipedia>SVcode: Nominated for deletion; see :Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Second encirclement campaign against the Honghu Soviet.

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Nominated for deletion; see Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Second encirclement campaign against the Honghu Soviet.

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	{{Unreferenced\|date=November 2023}}		{{Unreferenced\|date=November 2023}}
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	[[Category:1931 in China]]		[[Category:1931 in China]]
	[[Category:Honghu]]		[[Category:Honghu]]
			[[Category:Military history of Hubei]]

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	* [[Outline of the Chinese Civil War]]		* [[Outline of the Chinese Civil War]]
	* [[National Revolutionary Army]]		* [[National Revolutionary Army]]
	*[[History of the People's Liberation Army]]		* [[History of the People's Liberation Army]]

	== References ==		== References ==
	<references />		<references />

	{{Chinese Civil War}}		{{Chinese Civil War}}

	[[Category:Encirclement campaigns (Chinese Civil War)]]		[[Category:Encirclement campaigns (Chinese Civil War)]]
	[[Category:1931 in China]]		[[Category:1931 in China]]
			[[Category:Honghu]]
	~~{{Improve categories\|date=July 2026}}~~

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	{{Short description\|1931 military campaign}}		{{Short description\|1931 military campaign}}
			{{Unreferenced\|date=November 2023}}
	{{Infobox military conflict		{{Infobox military conflict
	\| conflict = Second encirclement campaign against the Honghu Soviet		\| conflict = Second encirclement campaign against the Honghu Soviet
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	~~{{More citations needed\|date=August 2026}}~~
	The '''second encirclement campaign against the Honghu Soviet''' was an [[encirclement campaign]] launched by the Chinese [[Nationalist Government]] that was intended to destroy the [[Chinese Communist Party]]'s [[Honghu Soviet]] and its [[Chinese Red Army]]. The Red Army successfully defended their soviet republic against [[Kuomintang\|Nationalist]] attacks from 1 March 1931 to early June 1931.<ref>{{cite book \|last=Opper \|first=Marc \|title=People's War: Environmental Conditions, Strategy, and Guerilla Warfare \|year=2020 \|publisher=Stanford University Press \|isbn=978-1503612471 \|pages=152–155}}</ref>		The '''second encirclement campaign against the Honghu Soviet''' was an [[encirclement campaign]] launched by the Chinese [[Nationalist Government]] that was intended to destroy the [[Chinese Communist Party]]'s [[Honghu Soviet]] and its [[Chinese Red Army]]. The Red Army successfully defended their soviet republic against [[Kuomintang\|Nationalist]] attacks from 1 March 1931 to early June 1931.

	==Prelude==		==Prelude==

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	{{Short description\|1931 military campaign}}		{{Short description\|1931 military campaign}}
	{{Infobox military conflict		{{Infobox military conflict
	\| conflict = Second encirclement campaign against the Honghu Soviet		\| conflict = Second encirclement campaign against the Honghu Soviet
	\| ~~partof~~ = [[Chinese Civil War]]		\| part_of = [[Chinese Civil War]]
	\| ~~place~~ = [[Honghu]], [[China]]		\| location = [[Honghu]], [[China]]
	\| date = March 1, 1931 – early June, 1931		\| date = March 1, 1931 – early June, 1931
	\| result = [[Communist Party of China\|Communist]] victory		\| result = [[Communist Party of China\|Communist]] victory
	\|combatant1={{flagdeco\|ROC}} [[Nationalist government\|Nationalist China]]		\| combatant1 = {{flagdeco\|ROC}} [[Nationalist government\|Nationalist China]]
	\|combatant2={{flagicon image\|中國工農紅軍軍旗.svg}} [[Chinese Red Army]]		\| combatant2 = {{flagicon image\|中國工農紅軍軍旗.svg}} [[Chinese Red Army]]
	\| commander1 = [[Xu Yuanquan]]		\| commander1 = [[Xu Yuanquan]]
	\| commander2 = [[Zhou Yiqun]]<br>[[Duan Dechang]]		\| commander2 = [[Zhou Yiqun]]<br>[[Duan Dechang]]
	\| strength1 = >22,000		\| strength1 = >22,000
	\| strength2 = 5,000		\| strength2 = 5,000
	\| casualties1 = >4,000		\| casualties1 = >4,000
	\| casualties2 = Light\|		\| casualties2 = Light
	}}		}}
	{{Campaignbox Chinese Civil War}}		{{Campaignbox Chinese Civil War}}

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	}}		}}
	{{Campaignbox Chinese Civil War}}{{~~Unreferenced~~\|date=~~November 2023~~}}		{{Campaignbox Chinese Civil War}}
	The '''second encirclement campaign against the Honghu Soviet''' was an [[encirclement campaign]] launched by the Chinese [[Nationalist Government]] that was intended to destroy [[Chinese Communist Party]]'s [[Honghu Soviet]] and its [[Chinese Red Army]]. The Red Army successfully defended their soviet republic against [[Kuomintang\|Nationalist]] attacks from 1 March, 1931 to early June, 1931.		{{More citations needed\|date=August 2026}}
			The '''second encirclement campaign against the Honghu Soviet''' was an [[encirclement campaign]] launched by the Chinese [[Nationalist Government]] that was intended to destroy the [[Chinese Communist Party]]'s [[Honghu Soviet]] and its [[Chinese Red Army]]. The Red Army successfully defended their soviet republic against [[Kuomintang\|Nationalist]] attacks from 1 March 1931 to early June 1931.<ref>{{cite book \|last=Opper \|first=Marc \|title=People's War: Environmental Conditions, Strategy, and Guerilla Warfare \|year=2020 \|publisher=Stanford University Press \|isbn=978-1503612471 \|pages=152–155}}</ref>

	==Prelude==		==Prelude==

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	[[Category:Encirclement campaigns (Chinese Civil War)]]		[[Category:Encirclement campaigns (Chinese Civil War)]]
	[[Category:1931 in China]]		[[Category:1931 in China]]

			{{Improve categories\|date=July 2026}}

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	==Prelude==		==Prelude==
	~~{{Unreferenced section\|date=November 2023}}~~
	After their defeat in the [[first encirclement campaign against the Honghu Soviet]] in early February 1931 and the subsequent forced withdraw to regroup, [[Kuomintang\|Nationalist]] forces launched the second encirclement campaign against the [[Chinese Communist Party]] (CCP)'s [[revolutionary base area]] in Honghu on 1 March 1931. The Nationalists believed that the poorly supplied Communists had not had sufficient time to recover from the last encirclement campaign, so they wanted to strike quickly. The Nationalist commander-in-chief was the same one who had led the first campaign, 10th Army commander [[Xu Yuanquan]]. The 10th Army was not deployed directly in the campaign, but instead, deployed some distance away from the battlefield as strategic reserve. The brunt of the fighting was to be carried out mostly by troops of regional [[warlord era\|warlords]] who were nominally loyal [[Chiang Kai-shek]].		After their defeat in the [[first encirclement campaign against the Honghu Soviet]] in early February 1931 and the subsequent forced withdraw to regroup, [[Kuomintang\|Nationalist]] forces launched the second encirclement campaign against the [[Chinese Communist Party]] (CCP)'s [[revolutionary base area]] in Honghu on 1 March 1931. The Nationalists believed that the poorly supplied Communists had not had sufficient time to recover from the last encirclement campaign, so they wanted to strike quickly. The Nationalist commander-in-chief was the same one who had led the first campaign, 10th Army commander [[Xu Yuanquan]]. The 10th Army was not deployed directly in the campaign, but instead, deployed some distance away from the battlefield as strategic reserve. The brunt of the fighting was to be carried out mostly by troops of regional [[warlord era\|warlords]] who were nominally loyal [[Chiang Kai-shek]].

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	==First stage==		==First stage==
	~~{{Unreferenced section\|date=November 2023}}~~
	On 1 March 1931, the Nationalist Newly Organized 11th Division and a brigade of the Nationalist 48th Division crossed the [[Yangtze River]] and attacked the Communist base on the southern bank. The local Communist force was unable to repel the numerically and technically superior Nationalist force, and was forced to fall back. The Nationalists took Ouchi (藕池) and Shishou (石首) as a result.		On 1 March 1931, the Nationalist Newly Organized 11th Division and a brigade of the Nationalist 48th Division crossed the [[Yangtze River]] and attacked the Communist base on the southern bank. The local Communist force was unable to repel the numerically and technically superior Nationalist force, and was forced to fall back. The Nationalists took Ouchi (藕池) and Shishou (石首) as a result.

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	==Second stage==		==Second stage==
	~~{{Unreferenced section\|date=November 2023}}~~
	In early April, 1931, Nationalist 142nd Brigade of the 48th Division, 44th Brigade of the 15th Division, Newly Organized 11th Division, and the 19th Division attacked toward Eastern Mountain region from Tiaoxuankou (调弦口), Wanyu (万庾), [[Huarong County]], and [[Yueyang]] respectively. After two major clashes at regions of Sanweisi (三葑寺) and Songbanqiao (松板桥), the Communist attempt to check the Nationalist advance was crashed. Local Communist regular army and the Communist Huarong Guerrillas were forced to withdraw to the north of the Yangtze River by mid-April, and the Nationalist force succeeded in taking the Dongshan. However, by this time, the Nationalist force was overstretched, and was unable to eradicate the remaining Communist guerrillas in the newly conquered region, and moreover, their rear was constantly harassed by the Communists forces that had crossed the Yangtze River, and with the bulk of the force deployed away during the campaign, there was simply not enough troops to stay behind to guard the vast areas in the rear. Realizing the nationalists had overstretched themselves way beyond the threshold, the Communists jumped on the opportunity to counterattack.		In early April, 1931, Nationalist 142nd Brigade of the 48th Division, 44th Brigade of the 15th Division, Newly Organized 11th Division, and the 19th Division attacked toward Eastern Mountain region from Tiaoxuankou (调弦口), Wanyu (万庾), [[Huarong County]], and [[Yueyang]] respectively. After two major clashes at regions of Sanweisi (三葑寺) and Songbanqiao (松板桥), the Communist attempt to check the Nationalist advance was crashed. Local Communist regular army and the Communist Huarong Guerrillas were forced to withdraw to the north of the Yangtze River by mid-April, and the Nationalist force succeeded in taking the Dongshan. However, by this time, the Nationalist force was overstretched, and was unable to eradicate the remaining Communist guerrillas in the newly conquered region, and moreover, their rear was constantly harassed by the Communists forces that had crossed the Yangtze River, and with the bulk of the force deployed away during the campaign, there was simply not enough troops to stay behind to guard the vast areas in the rear. Realizing the nationalists had overstretched themselves way beyond the threshold, the Communists jumped on the opportunity to counterattack.

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	==Third stage==		==Third stage==
	~~{{Unreferenced section\|date=November 2023}}~~
	The complete recovery of the Communists on the northern bank of the [[Yangtze\|Yangtze River]] marked the beginning of the Communist counteroffensive. In April 1931, the Communist Independent Regiment was expanded to have a second regiment, the 26th Regiment, and the new formation was renamed as the 9th Division of the 3rd Army, even though the new unit is only a brigade-sized formation at the best, since it only had two regiments. Additional Communist military units were also formed, including Hunan–Western Hubei Garrison Regiment, Mianyang Independent Regiment, Training Regiment and the Independent battalions of guerrillas of several counties in the Communist base. After the reorganization, Communists took the initiative by attacking the Nationalists, and in the battle fought in the region of Laoxinkou (老新口) in mid April, the previously badly mauled Nationalist Newly Organized 3rd Brigade was struck again with disastrous result: after each of the two surviving regiments of the Nationalist Newly Organized 3rd Brigade lost a battalion completely in the battle, the four surviving battalions of the two regiments of the Nationalist Newly Organized 3rd Brigade disintegrated when the conscripts in the surviving units deserted en masse. The Nationalist Newly Organized 3rd Brigade ceased to function and only existed in names on papers, and after the devastating defeat, regions including Longhaiwan (龙海湾), Xiongkou (熊口), Hanhekou (汉河口), and Dafengkou (大丰口) fell back into Communist hands by late April in a domino effect.		The complete recovery of the Communists on the northern bank of the [[Yangtze\|Yangtze River]] marked the beginning of the Communist counteroffensive. In April 1931, the Communist Independent Regiment was expanded to have a second regiment, the 26th Regiment, and the new formation was renamed as the 9th Division of the 3rd Army, even though the new unit is only a brigade-sized formation at the best, since it only had two regiments. Additional Communist military units were also formed, including Hunan–Western Hubei Garrison Regiment, Mianyang Independent Regiment, Training Regiment and the Independent battalions of guerrillas of several counties in the Communist base. After the reorganization, Communists took the initiative by attacking the Nationalists, and in the battle fought in the region of Laoxinkou (老新口) in mid April, the previously badly mauled Nationalist Newly Organized 3rd Brigade was struck again with disastrous result: after each of the two surviving regiments of the Nationalist Newly Organized 3rd Brigade lost a battalion completely in the battle, the four surviving battalions of the two regiments of the Nationalist Newly Organized 3rd Brigade disintegrated when the conscripts in the surviving units deserted en masse. The Nationalist Newly Organized 3rd Brigade ceased to function and only existed in names on papers, and after the devastating defeat, regions including Longhaiwan (龙海湾), Xiongkou (熊口), Hanhekou (汉河口), and Dafengkou (大丰口) fell back into Communist hands by late April in a domino effect.

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	{{Chinese Civil War}}		{{Chinese Civil War}}

	~~{{DEFAULTSORT:Honghu Soviet, 2nd encirclement campaign}}~~
	[[Category:Encirclement campaigns (Chinese Civil War)]]		[[Category:Encirclement campaigns (Chinese Civil War)]]
	[[Category:1931 in China]]		[[Category:1931 in China]]