The Theory of Recovery Psychology/Part 3/Psychophramacology - Revision history

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wikademia>The Book Saver at 00:39, 29 April 2009

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	== Psychophramacology ==		== Psychophramacology ==

	== Antidepressant Medications ==		== Antidepressant Medications ==
			[[Category:The Theory of Recovery Psychology]]
	In the 1950’s, researchers had discovered that certain chemicals that could be used as medicines to reduce depression symptoms: MAO (monoamine oxidase) inhibitors and tricyclics. A third group of medications that can reduce depressive symptoms were developed known as second-generation antidepressants.		In the 1950’s, researchers had discovered that certain chemicals that could be used as medicines to reduce depression symptoms: MAO (monoamine oxidase) inhibitors and tricyclics. A third group of medications that can reduce depressive symptoms were developed known as second-generation antidepressants.
	The effeciveness of MAO inhibitors was noticed serendipitously. Iproniazid was being test in treating persons with tuberculosis, when physicians noted the interesting effect in had on persons with depression (Sandeler, 1990). It was found to have the same effect on depressed patients (Kline, 1958, Loomer, Suanders, & Kline, 1957). What these medical drugs all had in common biochemically was they slowed the body’s production of the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO). This is where the term MAO inhibitor comes from. Approximately half of the people receiving treatment for depression are prescribed MAO inhibitors (Thase, Trivedi & Rush, 1995).		The effeciveness of MAO inhibitors was noticed serendipitously. Iproniazid was being test in treating persons with tuberculosis, when physicians noted the interesting effect in had on persons with depression (Sandeler, 1990). It was found to have the same effect on depressed patients (Kline, 1958, Loomer, Suanders, & Kline, 1957). What these medical drugs all had in common biochemically was they slowed the body’s production of the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO). This is where the term MAO inhibitor comes from. Approximately half of the people receiving treatment for depression are prescribed MAO inhibitors (Thase, Trivedi & Rush, 1995).

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2008-09-01T02:55:22Z

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== Psychophramacology ==

== Antidepressant Medications ==

In the 1950’s, researchers had discovered that certain chemicals that could be used as medicines to reduce depression symptoms: MAO (monoamine oxidase) inhibitors and tricyclics. A third group of medications that can reduce depressive symptoms were developed known as second-generation antidepressants.
The effeciveness of MAO inhibitors was noticed serendipitously. Iproniazid was being test in treating persons with tuberculosis, when physicians noted the interesting effect in had on persons with depression (Sandeler, 1990). It was found to have the same effect on depressed patients (Kline, 1958, Loomer, Suanders, & Kline, 1957). What these medical drugs all had in common biochemically was they slowed the body’s production of the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO). This is where the term MAO inhibitor comes from. Approximately half of the people receiving treatment for depression are prescribed MAO inhibitors (Thase, Trivedi & Rush, 1995).
The brain naturally supplies the enzyme MAO to break down the neurotransmitter norepinepherine. MAO inihibitors block the MAO from destroying the norepinephreine. This results in a rise of norepherine activity, and reduces the symptoms of depression. People who use this medication may experience a dangerous rise in blood pressure; if they eat foods containing tryamine, this chemical is common in cheese, bananas, and wines (Stahl, 1998). Persons who taking MAO inhibitors must stick to a rigid diet.
The discovery of tricyclics in the 1950’s was also an accidental finding. Researchers were looking for a new drug to treat schizophrenia; they investigated the possibility of using Imipramine (Kuhn, 1958). As it was discovered, Imipramine did not prove to be very helpful in the treatment of schizophrenia, but it did relieve depression symptoms in those with depressive symptoms. Drugs such as Imipramine are called tricyclics because they all share a three-ring molecule in common.
Hundreds of studies have shown that depressed patients taking tricyclics have improved much more than depressed patients taking placebos (APA, 1993; Montgomery et al., 1993). About 60-65 percent of patients who take these drugs are helped by them (Keller et al., 1995; Davis, 1980). Extended usage of tricyclics reduces a person’s chance of relapse, so many clinicians keep their clients on them indefinitely (Franchini et al., 1997).

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[[A Textbook on Recovery Psychology/Unit 3|Part1]]
[[A Textbook on Recovery Psychology/Unit 3/Pt2|Part2]]
[[A Textbook on Recovery Psychology/Unit 3/Pt3|Part3]]
[[A Textbook on Recovery Psychology/Unit 3/Pt4|Part4]]
[[A Textbook on Recovery Psychology/Unit 3/Pt5|Part5]]