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The term, 'contraception' derives from the Latin 'contra', which means 'against', and the word '[[Conception_(biology)|conception]]', <ref>[http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/conception] conception - definition of conception in the Medical dictionary - by the Free Online Medical Dictionary</br>
{{AfDM|page=Contraception|logdate=2009 May 22|substed=yes }}
Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers.  2007</br>
<!-- For administrator use only: {{oldafdfull|page=Contraception|date=22 May 2009|result='''keep'''}} -->
Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. Copyright 2008</br>
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Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. 2009</br>
 
The American Heritage Medical Dictionary Copyright 2007, 2004</br>
The term, 'contraception' derives from the Latin 'contra', which means 'against', and the word '[[Conception_(biology)|conception]]', which is the non-technical term for fertilization.  'Contraception' may be used to refer merely to the prevention of fertilization, but it is more commonly used to refer to the means employed to avoid fertilization.  When referring to a means of prevention, it is synonymous with contraceptive [[birth control]].  Any procedure or device which would keep a sperm cell from fertilizing the egg, therefore, can be considered to be contraception.   
</ref> which is the non-technical term for fertilization.
<ref>[http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/fertilization] fertilization - definition of fertilization in the Medical dictionary - by the Free Online Medical Dictionary</br>
Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers. 2007</br>
The American Heritage® Medical Dictionary Copyright  2007, 2004</br>
Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. Copyright 2008</br>
Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition.  2009</br>
McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine. 2002</ref>
'Contraception' may be used to refer merely to the prevention of fertilization, but it is more commonly used to refer to the means employed to avoid fertilization.  When referring to a means of prevention, it is synonymous with contraceptive [[birth control]].  Any procedure or device which would keep a sperm cell from fertilizing the egg, therefore, can be considered to be contraception.   


==Contrasted with Other Birth Control==
==Contrasted with Other Birth Control==
Birth control can refer to anything which would prevent childbirth.  Methods of birth control can be classified by the stage of reproduction which is achieved before the process is brought to a halt.  If a form of birth control seeks to prevent the sperm from fertilizing the egg, then it is contraceptive<ref>[http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/contraceptive]'contraceptive' in the Medical dictionary - by the Free Online Medical Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia.</br>
Birth control can refer to anything which would prevent childbirth.  Methods of birth control can be classified by the stage of reproduction which is achieved before the process is brought to a halt.  If a form of birth control seeks to prevent the sperm from fertilizing the egg, then it is contraceptive<ref>[http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/contraceptive]contraceptive - definition of contraceptive in the Medical dictionary - by the Free Online Medical Dictionary</br>  
"Obstetrics- adjective: Relating to contraception; noun: Any device or method for preventing fertilization, or a term product of conception" </br>
McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine. 2002</br>
McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine. 2002 </br>
Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers.  2007</br>
"1. diminishing the likelihood of or preventing conception. 2. an agent that so acts"</br>
Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers.  2007 </br>
"n. A device, drug, or chemical agent that prevents conception."</br>
The American Heritage® Medical Dictionary Copyright 2007, 2004</br>
The American Heritage® Medical Dictionary Copyright 2007, 2004</br>
"any device or technique that prevents conception."</br>
Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition.  2009</br>
Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition.  2009.</br>
</ref>.  If fertilization has already occurred, but the form of birth control seeks to prevent the implantation of the embryo into the uterine lining, then it is a contragestive. <ref>[http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/contragestive]contragestive - definition of contragestive in the Medical dictionary - by the Free Online Medical Dictionary</br>
"1. diminishing the likelihood of or preventing conception. 2. an agent that diminishes the likelihood of or prevents conception." </br>
Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary, 3 ed. 2007
 
 
</ref>.  If fertilization has already occurred, but the form of birth control seeks to prevent the implantation of the embryo into the uterine lining, then it is a contragestive. <ref>[http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/contragestive]'contrgestive' in the Medical dictionary - by the Free Online Medical Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia.</br>
"adj. Capable of preventing gestation, either by preventing implantation or by causing the uterine lining to shed after implantation. n. A contragestive drug or agent."</br>
The American Heritage® Medical Dictionary Copyright 2007, 2004  
The American Heritage® Medical Dictionary Copyright 2007, 2004  
</ref>  Just as a contraception is the avoidance of conception, contragestion is the avoidance of gestation.  If implantation has already occurred, but the form of birth control seeks to end gestation by terminating the pregnancy prior to birth, then it is an abortion.
</ref>  Just as a contraception is the avoidance of conception, contragestion is the avoidance of gestation.  If implantation has already occurred, but the form of birth control seeks to end gestation by terminating the pregnancy prior to birth, then it is an abortion.
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* ''Contraception: contraceptives prevent the sperm from fertilizing the egg
* ''Contraception: contraceptives prevent the sperm from fertilizing the egg
* ''Contragestion: contragestives prevent implantation after fertilization has occurred or by causing the uterine lining to shed after implantation.
* ''Contragestion: contragestives prevent implantation after fertilization has occurred or by causing the uterine lining to shed after implantation.
* ''Abortion: implantation has occurred, but pregnancy is terminated before it comes to term
* ''Abortion: after implantation has occurred, [[abortifacients]]<ref>[http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/abortifacient] 'abortifacient - definition of abortifacient in the Medical dictionary - by the Free Online Medical Dictionary</br>
 
McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine. 2002 </br>
Because the word, 'contragestive' is a medical term which is not in common usage, there is controversy about the classification of contragestive birth control.  Since both 'contraception' and 'abortion' are non-technical terms which are used in everyday speech, non-surgical birth control is usually divided into either 'contraceptives' or '[[abortifacients]]<ref>[http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/abortifacient] 'abortifacient' in the Medical dictionary - by the Free Online Medical Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. </br> "Pharmacology- An agent that induces the expulsion of an embryo or fetus; a drug, herb other chemical that dilates of the cervix and causes the uterus to contract resulting in a spontaneous termination of pregnancy" </br>McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine. 2002 </br>"1. causing abortion.
Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers. 2007 </br>  
2. an agent that induces abortion."  </br>Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers. 2007 </br>"1 causing abortion. 2 any agent that causes abortion." </br> Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition.  2009, Elsevier.</ref>'. Those who contend that pregnancy does not begin until implantation say that since abortions are terminated pregnancies, contragestives cannot cause abortions and cannot be abortifacients.  They argue, therefore that contragestives are only a form of contraception.  On the other hand, those who contend that pregnancy begins at [[Conception_(biology)|conception]] argue that contragestives do terminate a pregnancy, and therefore are abortifacients. 
Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition.  2009</ref> terminate the pregnancy before it comes to term


See [[Beginning_of_pregnancy_controversy|Beginning of pregnancy controversy]]
==See also==
* [[Beginning of pregnancy controversy]]


==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references/>
[[Category:Birth control]]

Latest revision as of 08:28, 12 June 2009

The term, 'contraception' derives from the Latin 'contra', which means 'against', and the word 'conception', [1] which is the non-technical term for fertilization. [2] 'Contraception' may be used to refer merely to the prevention of fertilization, but it is more commonly used to refer to the means employed to avoid fertilization. When referring to a means of prevention, it is synonymous with contraceptive birth control. Any procedure or device which would keep a sperm cell from fertilizing the egg, therefore, can be considered to be contraception.

Contrasted with Other Birth Control

Birth control can refer to anything which would prevent childbirth. Methods of birth control can be classified by the stage of reproduction which is achieved before the process is brought to a halt. If a form of birth control seeks to prevent the sperm from fertilizing the egg, then it is contraceptive[3]. If fertilization has already occurred, but the form of birth control seeks to prevent the implantation of the embryo into the uterine lining, then it is a contragestive. [4] Just as a contraception is the avoidance of conception, contragestion is the avoidance of gestation. If implantation has already occurred, but the form of birth control seeks to end gestation by terminating the pregnancy prior to birth, then it is an abortion.

  • Contraception: contraceptives prevent the sperm from fertilizing the egg
  • Contragestion: contragestives prevent implantation after fertilization has occurred or by causing the uterine lining to shed after implantation.
  • Abortion: after implantation has occurred, abortifacients[5] terminate the pregnancy before it comes to term

See also

References

  1. ↑ [1] conception - definition of conception in the Medical dictionary - by the Free Online Medical Dictionary
    Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers. 2007
    Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. Copyright 2008
    Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. 2009
    The American Heritage Medical Dictionary Copyright 2007, 2004
  2. ↑ [2] fertilization - definition of fertilization in the Medical dictionary - by the Free Online Medical Dictionary
    Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers. 2007
    The American Heritage® Medical Dictionary Copyright 2007, 2004
    Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. Copyright 2008
    Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. 2009
    McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine. 2002
  3. ↑ [3]contraceptive - definition of contraceptive in the Medical dictionary - by the Free Online Medical Dictionary
    McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine. 2002
    Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers. 2007
    The American Heritage® Medical Dictionary Copyright 2007, 2004
    Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. 2009
  4. ↑ [4]contragestive - definition of contragestive in the Medical dictionary - by the Free Online Medical Dictionary
    The American Heritage® Medical Dictionary Copyright 2007, 2004
  5. ↑ [5] 'abortifacient - definition of abortifacient in the Medical dictionary - by the Free Online Medical Dictionary
    McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine. 2002
    Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers. 2007
    Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. 2009
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