Treams: Difference between revisions
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{{Draft topics|computing|physics}} | {{Draft topics|computing|physics}} | ||
{{AfC topic|stem}} | {{AfC topic|stem}} | ||
{{Draft article}} | {{Draft article}} | ||
{{Infobox software | {{Infobox software | ||
| name = treams | | name = ''treams'' | ||
| author = Dominik Beutel | | author = Dominik Beutel | ||
| developer = Dominik Beutel, Ivan Fernandez-Corbaton, [[Carsten Rockstuhl]] | | developer = Dominik Beutel, Ivan Fernandez-Corbaton, [[Carsten Rockstuhl]] | ||
| programming_language = [[Python (programming language)|Python]], [[Cython]] | | programming_language = [[Python (programming language)|Python]], [[Cython]] | ||
| license = [[MIT License]] | | license = [[MIT License]] | ||
| website = {{URL|https://tfp-photonics.github.io/treams/}} | | website = {{URL|https://tfp-photonics.github.io/treams/}} | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''treams''' is an [[open-source software]] package for [[electromagnetic scattering]] | '''treams''' is an [[open-source software]] package for calculations of [[electromagnetic scattering]] based on the [[T-matrix method]]. It can be used for finite and periodic arrangements of scatterers of different schapes.<ref name="Beutel2024">{{cite journal | ||
| last1 = Beutel | | last1 = Beutel | ||
| first1 = Dominik | | first1 = Dominik | ||
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== Capabilities == | == Capabilities == | ||
treams | treams computes T-matrices analyticalaly for spheres and for infinitely long cylinders, including multilayered spheres and cylinders. It can also import external T-matrices, e.g. from T-matrix database<ref name="Asadova2026">{{cite arXiv | ||
| last1 = Asadova | |||
| first1 = Nigar | |||
| last2 = Boussaoud | |||
| first2 = Kaoutar | |||
| last3 = Meyer | |||
| first3 = Jörg | |||
| last4 = Tristram | |||
| first4 = Frank | |||
| last5 = Rockstuhl | |||
| first5 = Carsten | |||
| title = A T-matrix database to promote information-driven research in nanophotonics | |||
| eprint = 2602.02101 | |||
| class = physics.optics | |||
| year = 2026 | |||
}}</ref>. If the T-matrices of single scatterers are known, T-matrices of corresponding clusters and periodic arrays of these scatterers can be also calculated. Then the quantities such as fields outside the structures, scattering, extinction and absorption cross-sections, multipolar decompositions may be extracted. <ref name="Beutel2024" /> | |||
Periodic systems can be considered in different dimensions. Particle arrays can be placed near multilayered substrates, for which transmission and reflection can be calculated. Fore some geometries, the package can be also used to compute band structures.<ref name="Beutel2024" /><ref name="Beutel2023" /> | |||
Isotropic chiral media are implemented directly, and scatterers from anisotropic material can be introduced through externally calculated T-matrices.<ref name="Beutel2024" /> | |||
== Method == | == Method == | ||
In the [[T-matrix method]], | In the [[T-matrix method]], incident and scattered fields are expanded into a set of basis functions. Fields expanded into [[vector spherical harmonics]] can be represented in helicity or parity (TE/TM) bases, also cylindrical harmonics basis and plane wave basis are available. The T-matrix of a nanostructure connects the coefficients of the incident field with those of the scattered field. For clusters and arrays, the fields scattered by one particle act as incident fields for the others, and the basis change is performed using translation addition theorems<ref>{{cite journal|first1=R. C.|last1=Wittmann|doi=10.1109/8.7220|title=Spherical wave operators and the translation formulas|journal=IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation|volume=36|number=8|pages=1078–1087|year=1988|bibcode=1988ITAP...36.1078W |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1262852 }}</ref><ref name="Beutel2024" /> | ||
For periodic systems, the same interaction has to be summed over the repeated lattice. treams evaluates these sums using the [[Ewald summation|Ewald method]]. <ref>V. E. Babicheva, A. B. Evlyukhin, ''Mie-resonant metaphotonics'', ''Advances in Optics and Photonics'' '''16''', 539–658 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1364/AOP.510826.</ref><ref name="Beutel2023">{{cite journal | |||
| last1 = Beutel | | last1 = Beutel | ||
| first1 = Dominik | | first1 = Dominik | ||
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| doi = 10.1103/PhysRevA.107.013508 | | doi = 10.1103/PhysRevA.107.013508 | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
== Applications == | == Applications == | ||
treams has been used for dispersion and band-structure calculations in periodic plasmonic lattices,<ref>N. de Gaay Fortman, D. Pal, P. Schall, A. F. Koenderink, ''ACS Photonics'' '''12''', 1163–1173 (2025), {{doi|10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02323}}.</ref> for the electromagnetic response of metasurfaces coupled to quantum-emitter arrays,<ref>F. Lindel, C. J. Sánchez Martínez, J. Feist, F. J. García-Vidal, ''Phys. Rev. Lett.'' '''137''', 103802 (2026), {{doi|10.1103/71nx-b83j}}.</ref> and for reflectance calculations of transition-metal dichalcogenide nanosphere arrays.<ref>I. J. Bundgaard, C. G. Ferreira, Y. Lebsir, C. Tserkezis, ''ACS Appl. Nano Mater.'' '''9''', 16632–16642 (2026), {{doi|10.1021/acsanm.6c01961}}.</ref> It has also been discussed in comparison with other multiple-scattering codes such as ''Multem 3''<ref>A. Shalev, K. Ladutenko, I. Lobanov, V. Yannopapas, A. Moroz, ''Comput. Phys. Commun.'' '''301''', 109218 (2024), {{doi|10.1016/j.cpc.2024.109218}}.</ref> and described as a T-matrix toolkit for periodic structures in a paper on ''TorchGDM'', which also uses an interface to ''treams'' for T-matrix- and Mie-based effective-model construction.<ref>S. Ponomareva, A. Patoux, C. Majorel, A. Azéma, A. Cuche, C. Girard, A. Arbouet, P. R. Wiecha, ''SciPost Phys. Codebases'' '''60''' (2025), https://scipost.org/SciPostPhysCodeb.60.</ref> An acoustic implementation, ''acoustotreams'', was introduced in 2026.<ref>N. Ustimenko, C. Rockstuhl, ''acoustotreams – A Python package for acoustic-wave scattering based on the T-matrix method'', arXiv:2606.22573 (2026).</ref> | |||
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== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[T-matrix method]] | * [[T-matrix method]] | ||
* [[Mie scattering]] | * [[Mie scattering]] | ||
Latest revision as of 02:48, 2 October 2026
Template:Draft topics Template:AfC topic
treams is an open-source software package for calculations of electromagnetic scattering based on the T-matrix method. It can be used for finite and periodic arrangements of scatterers of different schapes.[1]
Capabilities
treams computes T-matrices analyticalaly for spheres and for infinitely long cylinders, including multilayered spheres and cylinders. It can also import external T-matrices, e.g. from T-matrix database[2]. If the T-matrices of single scatterers are known, T-matrices of corresponding clusters and periodic arrays of these scatterers can be also calculated. Then the quantities such as fields outside the structures, scattering, extinction and absorption cross-sections, multipolar decompositions may be extracted. [1]
Periodic systems can be considered in different dimensions. Particle arrays can be placed near multilayered substrates, for which transmission and reflection can be calculated. Fore some geometries, the package can be also used to compute band structures.[1][3]
Isotropic chiral media are implemented directly, and scatterers from anisotropic material can be introduced through externally calculated T-matrices.[1]
Method
In the T-matrix method, incident and scattered fields are expanded into a set of basis functions. Fields expanded into vector spherical harmonics can be represented in helicity or parity (TE/TM) bases, also cylindrical harmonics basis and plane wave basis are available. The T-matrix of a nanostructure connects the coefficients of the incident field with those of the scattered field. For clusters and arrays, the fields scattered by one particle act as incident fields for the others, and the basis change is performed using translation addition theorems[4][1]
For periodic systems, the same interaction has to be summed over the repeated lattice. treams evaluates these sums using the Ewald method. [5][3]
Applications
treams has been used for dispersion and band-structure calculations in periodic plasmonic lattices,[6] for the electromagnetic response of metasurfaces coupled to quantum-emitter arrays,[7] and for reflectance calculations of transition-metal dichalcogenide nanosphere arrays.[8] It has also been discussed in comparison with other multiple-scattering codes such as Multem 3[9] and described as a T-matrix toolkit for periodic structures in a paper on TorchGDM, which also uses an interface to treams for T-matrix- and Mie-based effective-model construction.[10] An acoustic implementation, acoustotreams, was introduced in 2026.[11]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Beutel, Dominik; Fernandez-Corbaton, Ivan; Rockstuhl, Carsten (2024). "treams – a T-matrix-based scattering code for nanophotonics". Computer Physics Communications 297. doi:.
- ↑ Template:Cite arXiv
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Beutel, Dominik; Fernandez-Corbaton, Ivan; Rockstuhl, Carsten (2023). "Unified lattice sums accommodating multiple sublattices for solutions of the Helmholtz equation in two and three dimensions". Physical Review A 107 (1). doi:.
- ↑ Wittmann, R. C. (1988). "Spherical wave operators and the translation formulas". IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 36 (8): 1078–1087. doi:. Bibcode: 1988ITAP...36.1078W. https://zenodo.org/record/1262852.
- ↑ V. E. Babicheva, A. B. Evlyukhin, Mie-resonant metaphotonics, Advances in Optics and Photonics 16, 539–658 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1364/AOP.510826.
- ↑ N. de Gaay Fortman, D. Pal, P. Schall, A. F. Koenderink, ACS Photonics 12, 1163–1173 (2025), Template:Doi.
- ↑ F. Lindel, C. J. Sánchez Martínez, J. Feist, F. J. García-Vidal, Phys. Rev. Lett. 137, 103802 (2026), Template:Doi.
- ↑ I. J. Bundgaard, C. G. Ferreira, Y. Lebsir, C. Tserkezis, ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 9, 16632–16642 (2026), Template:Doi.
- ↑ A. Shalev, K. Ladutenko, I. Lobanov, V. Yannopapas, A. Moroz, Comput. Phys. Commun. 301, 109218 (2024), Template:Doi.
- ↑ S. Ponomareva, A. Patoux, C. Majorel, A. Azéma, A. Cuche, C. Girard, A. Arbouet, P. R. Wiecha, SciPost Phys. Codebases 60 (2025), https://scipost.org/SciPostPhysCodeb.60.
- ↑ N. Ustimenko, C. Rockstuhl, acoustotreams – A Python package for acoustic-wave scattering based on the T-matrix method, arXiv:2606.22573 (2026).