Swedish/Spelling: Difference between revisions
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==Grammar== | ==Grammar== | ||
===The ng-sound=== | ===The ng-sound=== | ||
''Normal case:'' | |||
tung, tvinga, sväng | tung, tvinga, sväng | ||
''Spelled '''gn''' when the ng-sound is followed by a n-sound:'' | |||
regn, lugn, ugn, inhägna | regn, lugn, ugn, inhägna | ||
''An exception is'' tvungna '' | ''An exception to above is'' tvungna ''as the '''ng'''-spelling of this word is herited from the adjective tvungen.'' | ||
''Spelled '''nk''' when the ng-sound is followed by a k-sound:'' | |||
bank, vinkel, dunkel | |||
===The tj-sound=== | ===The tj-sound=== | ||
[[Image:Uppsala domkyrka 1892, södra fasaden.png|thumb|Uppsala domkyrka]] | |||
''English examples of the tj sound:'' | ''English examples of the tj sound:'' | ||
''wash, fish, flush, shallow, ship'' | ''wash, fish, flush, shallow, ship'' | ||
| Line 36: | Line 40: | ||
''Before soft vowel the skj-sound is spelled '''sk'''''. | ''Before soft vowel the skj-sound is spelled '''sk'''''. | ||
[[Image:Vasa from port1.jpg|thumb|Regalskeppet Vasa, Stockholm]] | |||
skepp, skinn, sky, skärm, sköld | skepp, skinn, sky, skärm, sköld | ||
| Line 62: | Line 67: | ||
station, situation, aktion | station, situation, aktion | ||
''Initial '''sch''''' | |||
schack | schack, schampo | ||
===The j-sound=== | ===The j-sound=== | ||
| Line 81: | Line 86: | ||
===The rd and rt-sounds=== | ===The rd and rt-sounds=== | ||
Pronounced with soft r and long preceding vowel | ''Pronounced with soft r and long preceding vowel .'' | ||
ord, börda | ord, börda | ||
| Line 97: | Line 103: | ||
'''''Z''' is pronounced like '''s'''.''<br> | '''''Z''' is pronounced like '''s'''.''<br> | ||
zink, zoo, zon | |||
==Example Sentences== | ==Example Sentences== | ||
Många ugnar | Många ugnar görs i Kina. ''Many ovens are made in China.'' | ||
Hjärnan är jättestor. ''The brain is huge.'' | Hjärnan är jättestor. ''The brain is huge.'' | ||
| Line 109: | Line 115: | ||
I skjulet finns skjorta. ''In the shed there is shirt.'' | I skjulet finns skjorta. ''In the shed there is shirt.'' | ||
==Example Text== | |||
Drottning Kristinas far, Gustav II Adolf, lät bygga regalskeppet Vasa år 1628. | |||
Skeppet sjönk på sin jungfrufärd eftersom det var för rankt byggt. | |||
Anders Franzén återfann det sjunkna skeppet 1956. Det bärgades och konserverades och finns nu | |||
på Vasamuséet i Stockholm. | |||
''The father of Queen Christina, Gustav II Adolf, built the warship Vasa in the year 1628. The ship sank on its maiden voyage as it was too unstable. | |||
Anders Franzén found the sunken ship in 1956. It was brought up and preserved and is now exposed at the Vasa museum in Stockholm.'' | |||
==Exercises== | ==Exercises== | ||
| Line 115: | Line 129: | ||
''Pronounce these words'' | ''Pronounce these words'' | ||
juni, hjul, jul, djur, gjuta, gubbe, galt, hjort, hjässa, ge, ljuvlig | A) juni, hjul, jul, djur, gjuta, gubbe, galt, hjort, hjässa, ge, ljuvlig | ||
B) kurva, tjusig, köra, kärv, kär, tjäle, tjockis, varsel, mars, kjol | |||
C) skalle, sjal, stjälpa, skjorta, sko, skinn, generad, gumma, gäst, ljus | |||
D) vart, färd, fart, hord, rabbla, borra, bura in, barrikad | |||
E) vagn, dunge, djungel, ting, stygn, tvungna, ringla | |||
F) bastu, vass, central, Barsebäck, morsning, kross, brons | |||
''Translate into English''<BR> | |||
1. Ett skepp med körsbär kommer från Kina.<BR> | |||
2. Cecilia är en schackspelare.<BR> | |||
3. Djur ska inte tvättas med schampo.<BR> | |||
4. Giraffer och zebror är afrikanska djur.<BR> | |||
5. Kring jul tänder man många ljus.<BR> | |||
''Translate into Swedish''<BR> | |||
6. You will gain on it!<BR> | |||
7. There is a shot giraffe in the shed.<BR> | |||
8. Venus is bright, but it is not a star!<BR> | |||
9. I bought two skirts in a kiosk.<BR> | |||
10. A lot of species have brains.<BR> | |||
[[Swedish Answers to Exercises|Answers to Exercises]] | |||
[[Category:Swedish]] | |||
[[Category:Spelling]] | |||
Latest revision as of 01:07, 16 December 2009
Grammar
The ng-sound
Normal case: tung, tvinga, sväng
Spelled gn when the ng-sound is followed by a n-sound: regn, lugn, ugn, inhägna
An exception to above is tvungna as the ng-spelling of this word is herited from the adjective tvungen.
Spelled nk when the ng-sound is followed by a k-sound: bank, vinkel, dunkel
The tj-sound
English examples of the tj sound: wash, fish, flush, shallow, ship
Before hard vowel, (at the beginning of words), the tj-sound is spelled tj.
tjusa, tjäna, tjalla, tjog
Before soft vowel, (at the beginning of words), the tj-sound is spelled k.
Kina, kela, kind, kärlek, kyrka, körsbär
When not at the beginning of words the tj-sound is spelled sch or rs.
dusch, usch
fors, färsk, kurs
Exceptions with tj-sound kjol, kiosk
The skj-sound
Before soft vowel the skj-sound is spelled sk.
skepp, skinn, sky, skärm, sköld
Before hard vowel the skj-sound is spelled skj.
skjorta, skjul, skjuta
Before the soft vowel ä the skj-sound is sometimes spelled stj.
stjärna, stjärt, stjälk
For some exceptions the skj-sound is spelled sj.
sju, sjätte
For some exceptions in beginning of words, before a soft vowel the skj-sound is spelled g.
generell, generös, giraff
Before hard vowel in some borrowed words spelled ch.
choklad, chock, chans
Before o in some borrowed words spelled ti.
station, situation, aktion
Initial sch
schack, schampo
The j-sound
jord, boj,
djup, djungel, djärv, djur
gärna, ge
gjuta, gjorde
hjärna, hjälp
ljuvlig, ljus
The rd and rt-sounds
Pronounced with soft r and long preceding vowel .
ord, börda
kort, art
The r-sound
This sound depends strongly on dialect. There are five variants.
The s-sound
sång, stilla, bas
cykel, cyklop, cyanid, Cecilia
Z is pronounced like s.
zink, zoo, zon
Example Sentences
Många ugnar görs i Kina. Many ovens are made in China.
Hjärnan är jättestor. The brain is huge.
I djungelns djup finns många djärva djur. Deep in the djungle there is a lot of brave animals.
I skjulet finns skjorta. In the shed there is shirt.
Example Text
Drottning Kristinas far, Gustav II Adolf, lät bygga regalskeppet Vasa år 1628. Skeppet sjönk på sin jungfrufärd eftersom det var för rankt byggt. Anders Franzén återfann det sjunkna skeppet 1956. Det bärgades och konserverades och finns nu på Vasamuséet i Stockholm.
The father of Queen Christina, Gustav II Adolf, built the warship Vasa in the year 1628. The ship sank on its maiden voyage as it was too unstable. Anders Franzén found the sunken ship in 1956. It was brought up and preserved and is now exposed at the Vasa museum in Stockholm.
Exercises
Pronounce these words
A) juni, hjul, jul, djur, gjuta, gubbe, galt, hjort, hjässa, ge, ljuvlig
B) kurva, tjusig, köra, kärv, kär, tjäle, tjockis, varsel, mars, kjol
C) skalle, sjal, stjälpa, skjorta, sko, skinn, generad, gumma, gäst, ljus
D) vart, färd, fart, hord, rabbla, borra, bura in, barrikad
E) vagn, dunge, djungel, ting, stygn, tvungna, ringla
F) bastu, vass, central, Barsebäck, morsning, kross, brons
Translate into English
1. Ett skepp med körsbär kommer från Kina.
2. Cecilia är en schackspelare.
3. Djur ska inte tvättas med schampo.
4. Giraffer och zebror är afrikanska djur.
5. Kring jul tänder man många ljus.
Translate into Swedish
6. You will gain on it!
7. There is a shot giraffe in the shed.
8. Venus is bright, but it is not a star!
9. I bought two skirts in a kiosk.
10. A lot of species have brains.