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| '''Engineering Geology''' is the application of the science of [[geology]] to the understanding of [[geologic]] phenomena and the engineering solution of [[geologic hazards]] and other geologic problems for society. Engineering geologic studies may be performed during the planning, [[environmental impact analysis]], [[civil engineering]] [[design]], [[value engineering]] and construction phases of public and private works projects, and during post-construction and [[forensic]] phases of projects. Engineering geologic studies are performed by a [[geologist]] or [[engineering geologist]] educated, professionally trained and skilled at the recognition and analysis of [[geologic hazards]] and adverse geologic conditions. Their overall objective is the protection of people and property against damage and the solution of geologic problems. | | '''Engineering geology''' related content is to be organized and developed here. |
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| | == Projects and resources == |
| | Learning materials and learning projects can be used by multiple departments. |
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| Engineering geologic studies may be performed
| | Wikademia has adopted an applied model for education. Lessons should centered around active learning. |
| *for residential, commercial and industrial developments;
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| *for governmental and [[military]] installations;
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| *for public works such as a [[power plant]], [[wind turbine]], [[transmission line]], [[sewage treatment]] plant, [[water treatment]] plant, [[Pipeline_transport|pipeline]] ([[aqueduct]], [[sewer]], [[outfall]]), [[tunnel]], [[trenchless]] construction, [[canal]], [[dam]], [[reservoir (water)|reservoir]], building, [[railroad]], [[transit]], [[highway]], [[bridge]], [[seismic retrofit]], [[airport]] and park;
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| *for [[Mining|mine]] and [[quarry]] excavations, [[mine tailing dam]], [[mine reclamation]] and mine [[tunneling]];
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| *for [[wetland]] and [[habitat restoration]] programs;
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| *for [[coastal]] engineering, [[sand replenishment]], [[bluff]] or [[sea cliff]] stability, [[harbor]], [[pier]] and waterfront development;
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| *for offshore [[outfall]], [[drilling platform]] and [[sub-sea pipeline]], sub-sea cable; and
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| *for other types of facilities.
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| It is important to keep in mind that in [[engineering geology]], there are only two important types of [[Rock (geology)|rock]]: those which can be moved by a [[bulldozer]], and those which require [[dynamite]].
| | Select a descriptive name for each new link. See [[Meta:Naming conventions|naming conventions]]. |
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| | * [[Engineering geology]] |
| | * [http://wikademia.org/Special:Search?search=engineering+geology&fulltext=Search Search] |
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| ==Geologic Hazards== | | == Readings == |
| Typical [[geologic hazards]] evaluated by an [[engineering geologist]] include
| | * [[About engineering geology]] |
| *[[fault rupture]] on seismically active [[faults]] ;
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| *[[seismic]] and [[earthquake]] hazards (ground shaking, [[liquefaction]], [[lurching]],[[lateral spreading]], [[tsunami]] and [[seiche]] events);
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| *[[landslide]], [[mudflow]], [[rock fall]] and [[avalanche]] hazards ;
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| *[[unstable slopes]] and [[slope stability]];
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| *[[erosion]];
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| *[[slaking]] and [[heave]] of geologic formations;
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| *ground [[subsidence]] (such as due to [[ground water]] withdrawal, [[sinkhole]] collapse, [[cave]] collapse, decomposition of organic soils, and [[tectonic]] movement);
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| *[[volcanic]] hazards ([[volcanic eruption]]s, [[hot springs]], [[pyroclastic flows]], [[debris flows]], [[debris avalanche]], [[gas emissions]], volcanic [[earthquakes]]);
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| *collapsible soils;
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| *shallow ground water/seepage; and
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| *other types of geologic constraints.
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| An engineering geologist or [[geophysicist]] may be called upon to evaluate the [[excavatability]] (i.e. [[rippability]]) of earth (rock) materials to assess the need for pre-[[blasting]] during earthwork construction, as well as associated impacts due to [[oscillation|vibration]] during blasting on projects.
| | ==See also== |
| | * [[Engineering]] |
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| =='''Methods and Reporting'''==
| | [[Category:Engineering geology|#]] |
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| The methods used by [[engineering geologist]]s in their studies include
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| *geologic field [[mapping]] of geologic structures, geologic formations, soil units and hazards;
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| *the review of geologic literature, geologic maps, geotechnical reports, engineering plans, environmental reports, stereoscopic [[aerial photograph]]s, remote sensing data, [[Global Positioning System]] (GPS) data, topographic maps and [[satellite]] imagery;
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| *the excavation, sampling and logging of earth/rock materials in drilled borings, backhoe test pits and trenches, fault trenching, and bulldozer pits;
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| *[[geophysical]] surveys (such as [[seismic refraction]] traverses, [[resistivity]] surveys, [[ground penetrating radar]] (GPR) surveys, [[magnetometer]] surveys, [[electromagnetic]] surveys, high-resolution sub-bottom profiling, and other geophysical methods); and
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| *other methods.
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| The field work is typically culminated in analysis of the data and the preparation of an engineering geologic report, fault hazard or seismic hazard report, geophysical report, [[ground water]] resource report or [[hydrogeology|hydrogeologic]] report. The engineering geologic report is often prepared in conjunction with a [[geotechnical engineering]] report by a geotechnical engineer. The report describes the objectives, methodology, references cited, tests performed, findings and recommendations. Engineering geologists provide geologic data on topograpic maps, aerial photographs, geologic maps, [[Geographic_information_system|Geographic Information System]] (GIS) maps, or other map bases.
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| =='''See also'''==
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| * [[List of publications in geology#Engineering geology| Important publications in engineering geology]]
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| * [http://www.geotechnicaldirectory.com Geotechnical Engineering Directory]
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| [[Category:Geology]]
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| [[Category:Engineering]] | |
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| [[pt:Geologia de engenharia]]
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| [[it:Geologia Applicata]]
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| [[pl:Geologia inżynierska]]
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Engineering geology related content is to be organized and developed here.
Projects and resources
Learning materials and learning projects can be used by multiple departments.
Wikademia has adopted an applied model for education. Lessons should centered around active learning.
Select a descriptive name for each new link. See naming conventions.
Readings
See also
