Swedish/Numbers and plurals: Difference between revisions
regrouped declensions better matching to standard. |
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{{ntnes}} {{Template:Introduction to Swedish}} | |||
==Grammar== | ==Grammar== | ||
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''Well, it is hard to remember which noun is which type.'' | ''Well, it is hard to remember which noun is which type.'' | ||
''However, it is important for mastering Swedish. Using the wrong declension will be noticed.'' | ''However, it is important for mastering Swedish. Using the wrong declension will be noticed.'' | ||
''Always learn a new noun by repeatedly saying like:'' "en glosa, flera glosor" ''(one translated word, several translated words) and you will build up a proper vocabulary.'' | ''Always learn a new noun by repeatedly saying like:'' "en glosa, flera glosor" ''(one translated word, several translated words) and you will build up a proper grammatical vocabulary.'' | ||
''Common | ''Gender: Common nouns are labeled '''type 1.''''' | ||
'' | ''and neuter nouns are labeled '''type 2.''''' | ||
''Plural types are labeled: '''1x-8x''', where '''x''' is the declension sub type.'' | |||
'''Regular nouns type 1.1a (-or)''' | '''Regular nouns type 1.1a (-or)''' | ||
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'''Regular nouns type 1.2d (-ar)''' | '''Regular nouns type 1.2d (-ar)''' | ||
[[Image:Capercaillie.jpg|En tjäder|thumb]] | |||
<table> | <table> | ||
<tr><td>en kateder, flera katedrar</td><td>''a teacher's desk, several teacher's desks''</td></tr> | <tr><td>en kateder, flera katedrar</td><td>''a teacher's desk, several teacher's desks''</td></tr> | ||
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<table> | <table> | ||
<tr><td>en sak, flera saker</td><td>''a thing, several things''</td></tr> | <tr><td>en sak, flera saker</td><td>''a thing, several things''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>en musikal, flera musikaler</td><td>''a musical, several musicals''</td></tr> | <tr><td>en musikal, flera musikaler</td><td>''a musical, several musicals''</td></tr> | ||
</table> | </table> | ||
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<table> | <table> | ||
<tr><td>ett frö, flera fröer</td><td>''a seed, several seeds''</td></tr> | <tr><td>ett frö, flera fröer</td><td>''a seed, several seeds''</td></tr> | ||
</table> | |||
'''Irregular nouns type 1.3c (-er)''' | |||
<table> | |||
<tr><td>en regel, flera regler</td><td>''a rule, several rules''</td></tr> | |||
</table> | </table> | ||
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</table> | </table> | ||
[[Image:Victory at Narva.jpg|King Charles XII, victory at the battle of Narva 1700.|thumb]] | |||
'''Irregular nouns type 1.6a (-r)''' | '''Irregular nouns type 1.6a (-r)''' | ||
<table> | <table> | ||
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</table> | </table> | ||
'''Regular ( | '''Regular (borrowed Latin nouns type 2.8a) (-ier)''' | ||
<table> | <table> | ||
<tr><td>ett stadium, flera stadier</td><td>''a state, several states''</td></tr> | <tr><td>ett stadium, flera stadier</td><td>''a state, several states''</td></tr> | ||
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</table> | </table> | ||
''for type 1.9a you may also use plural form'' browsrar ''(type 1d declination) for a better adaption to Swedish.'' | ''for type 1.9a you may also use plural form'' browsrar ''(type 1d declination) for a better adaption to Swedish.'' | ||
==Example Sentances== | ==Example Sentances== | ||
<table> | <table> | ||
<tr><td>Där hänger några stänger. ''Some rods are hanging there.''</td></tr> | |||
<tr><td>Fyra flickor leker med två bollar. ''Four girls play with two balls''</td></tr> | <tr><td>Fyra flickor leker med två bollar. ''Four girls play with two balls''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>Barn klättrar gärna i träd. ''Children like climbing trees.''</td></tr> | <tr><td>Barn klättrar gärna i träd. ''Children like climbing trees.''</td></tr> | ||
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<tr><td>Min dator klarar att ha fyra browsers öppna samtidigt. ''My computer manages to have four web browsers open at the same time.''</td></tr> | <tr><td>Min dator klarar att ha fyra browsers öppna samtidigt. ''My computer manages to have four web browsers open at the same time.''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>Klockan sex tände vi åtta lampor. ''At 6 o'clock we lit eight lamps.''</td></tr> | <tr><td>Klockan sex tände vi åtta lampor. ''At 6 o'clock we lit eight lamps.''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>Romarna hade inte siffran noll. ''The romans did not have the number zero.''</td></tr> | <tr><td>Romarna hade inte siffran noll. ''The romans did not have the number zero.''</td></tr> | ||
</table> | </table> | ||
==Example Text== | ==Example Text== | ||
Till lektionerna behöver ni ta mer er pennor, sudd, anteckningsböcker samt | |||
era bärbara datorer. Mobiltelefonerna får vara påslagna, men jag vill inte | |||
höra några ringsignaler och heller inte att ni sitter och pratar i era telefoner under lektionstimmarna. | |||
Om någon bryter mot detta kommer vederbörande få svåra extrauppgifter som måste lösas för att få godkänt i mina ämnen. | |||
To the lessons you need to bring pencils, erasers, note books and your lap tops. Cellular phones may be turned on but I don't | |||
want to hear any signals and neither that you talk in your phones during the lessons. If somebody violates this, that person | |||
will receive difficult extra tasks which needs to be solved in order to graduate in my subjects. | |||
==Exercises== | ==Exercises== | ||
''Please translate into Swedish''<BR> | |||
1. Karin has three cellular phones.<BR> | |||
2. We have a lot of enemies!<BR> | |||
3. Some roads go to Uppsala.<BR> | |||
4. My tailors tasks are easy.<BR> | |||
5. Five pupils study four subjects.<BR> | |||
''Please translate into English''<BR> | |||
6. Du bryter mot en regel!<BR> | |||
7. Hans sitter och pratar med två lärare.<BR> | |||
8. Ett telefonnummer har minst sex siffror.<BR> | |||
9. En flicka sitter framför katedern.<BR> | |||
10. Ni har åtta lektionstimmar i dag.<BR> | |||
==Glossary== | ==Glossary== | ||
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<table> | <table> | ||
<tr><td>ett barn, flera barn</td><td>''a child, several children''</td></tr> | <tr><td>ett barn, flera barn</td><td>''a child, several children''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>att behöva</td><td>''to need''</td></tr> | |||
<tr><td>en bil, flera bilar</td><td>''a car, several cars''</td></tr> | <tr><td>en bil, flera bilar</td><td>''a car, several cars''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>en boll, flera bollar</td><td>''a ball, several balls''</td></tr> | <tr><td>en boll, flera bollar</td><td>''a ball, several balls''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>en browser, flera browsers</td><td>''a web browser, several web browsers''</td></tr> | |||
<tr><td>ett centrum, flera centra</td><td>''a centre, several centres''</td></tr> | |||
<tr><td>ett</td><td>''one''</td></tr> | <tr><td>ett</td><td>''one''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>ett faktum, flera fakta</td><td>''a fact, several facts''</td></tr> | |||
<tr><td>fem</td><td>''five''</td></tr> | <tr><td>fem</td><td>''five''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>en fiende, flera fiender</td><td>''an enemy, several enemies''</td></tr> | |||
<tr><td>en flicka, flera flickor</td><td>''a girl, several girls''</td></tr> | <tr><td>en flicka, flera flickor</td><td>''a girl, several girls''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>fyra</td><td>''four''</td></tr> | <tr><td>fyra</td><td>''four''</td></tr> | ||
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<tr><td>en kateder, flera katedrar</td><td>''a teacher's desk, several teacher's desks''</td></tr> | <tr><td>en kateder, flera katedrar</td><td>''a teacher's desk, several teacher's desks''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>en lampa, flera lampor</td><td>''a lamp, several lamps''</td></tr> | <tr><td>en lampa, flera lampor</td><td>''a lamp, several lamps''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>en lektion, flera lektioner</td><td>''a lesson, several lessons''</td></tr> | |||
<tr><td>en lärare, flera lärare</td><td>''a teacher, several teachers''</td></tr> | <tr><td>en lärare, flera lärare</td><td>''a teacher, several teachers''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>nio</td><td>''nine''</td></tr> | <tr><td>nio</td><td>''nine''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>noll</td><td>''zero''</td></tr> | <tr><td>noll</td><td>''zero''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>en penna</td><td>''a pencil, a pen''</td></tr> | |||
<tr><td>sex</td><td>''six''</td></tr> | <tr><td>sex</td><td>''six''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>sju</td><td>''seven''</td></tr> | <tr><td>sju</td><td>''seven''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>en skräddare, flera skräddare</td><td>''a tailor, several tailors''</td></tr> | <tr><td>en skräddare, flera skräddare</td><td>''a tailor, several tailors''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>ett stadium, flera stadier</td><td>''a state, several states''</td></tr> | |||
<tr><td>en stege, flera stegar</td><td>''a ladder, several ladders</td></tr> | <tr><td>en stege, flera stegar</td><td>''a ladder, several ladders</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>tio</td><td>''ten''</td></tr> | <tr><td>tio</td><td>''ten''</td></tr> | ||
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<tr><td>två</td><td>''two''</td></tr> | <tr><td>två</td><td>''two''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>en stubbe, flera stubbar</td><td>''a stub, several stubs''</td></tr> | <tr><td>en stubbe, flera stubbar</td><td>''a stub, several stubs''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>en sudd, flera suddar</td><td>''an eraser''</td></tr> | |||
<tr><td>en tistel, flera tistlar</td><td>''a thistle, several thistles''</td></tr> | <tr><td>en tistel, flera tistlar</td><td>''a thistle, several thistles''</td></tr> | ||
<tr><td>en tjäder, flera tjädrar</td><td>''a cappercaillie, several cappercaillies''</td></tr> | <tr><td>en tjäder, flera tjädrar</td><td>''a cappercaillie, several cappercaillies''</td></tr> | ||
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<tr><td>en ängel, flera änglar</td><td>''an angle, several angles (heavenly)''</td></tr> | <tr><td>en ängel, flera änglar</td><td>''an angle, several angles (heavenly)''</td></tr> | ||
</table> | </table> | ||
==See also== | |||
* [[Swedish]] | |||
[[Category:Numbers]] | |||
[[Category:Swedish]] | [[Category:Swedish]] | ||
Latest revision as of 20:26, 21 June 2009
Grammar
Counting numbers up to ten:
| noll | zero |
| ett | one |
| två | two |
| tre | three |
| fyra | four |
| fem | five |
| sex | six |
| sju | seven |
| åtta | eight |
| nio | nine |
| tio | ten |
DECLENSIONS [1]
Well, it is hard to remember which noun is which type. However, it is important for mastering Swedish. Using the wrong declension will be noticed. Always learn a new noun by repeatedly saying like: "en glosa, flera glosor" (one translated word, several translated words) and you will build up a proper grammatical vocabulary.
Gender: Common nouns are labeled type 1. and neuter nouns are labeled type 2.
Plural types are labeled: 1x-8x, where x is the declension sub type.
Regular nouns type 1.1a (-or)
| en flicka, flera flickor | a girl, several girls |
| en väska, flera väskor | a bag, several bags |
| en lampa, flera lampor | a lamp, several lamps |
Regular nouns type 1.2a (-ar)
| en bil, flera bilar | a car, several cars |
| en väg, flera vägar | a road, several roads |
| en boll, flera bollar | a ball, several balls |
Regular nouns type 1.2b (-ar)
| en stubbe, flera stubbar | a stub, several stubs |
| en gubbe, flera gubbar | an old man, several old men |
| en stege, flera stegar | a ladder, several ladders |
Regular nouns type 1.2c (-ar)
| en vinkel, flera vinklar | an angle, several angles (geometry) |
| en ängel, flera änglar | an angle, several angles (heavenly) |
| en tistel, flera tistlar | a thistle, several thistles |
Regular nouns type 1.2d (-ar)
| en kateder, flera katedrar | a teacher's desk, several teacher's desks |
| en tjäder, flera tjädrar | a cappercaillie, several cappercaillies |
Irregular nouns type 1.3a (-er)
| en sak, flera saker | a thing, several things |
| en musikal, flera musikaler | a musical, several musicals |
Irregular nouns type 2.3b (-er)
| ett frö, flera fröer | a seed, several seeds |
Irregular nouns type 1.3c (-er)
| en regel, flera regler | a rule, several rules |
Regular nouns type 2.4a (-n)
| ett äpple, flera äpplen | a apple, several apples |
Regular nouns type 2.5a (-)
| ett träd, flera träd | a tree, several trees |
| ett barn, flera barn | a child, several children |
| ett försök, flera försök | a trial, several trials |
Irregular nouns type 1.5b (-)
| en lärare, flera lärare | a teacher, several teachers |
| en skräddare, flera skräddare | a tailor, several tailors |
Irregular nouns type 1.6a (-r)
| en fiende, flera fiender | an enemy, several enemies |
Regular (borrowed Latin 2:nd declension) of nouns type 2.7a (-a)
| ett faktum, flera fakta | a fact, several facts |
| ett centrum, flera centra | a centre, several centres |
Regular (borrowed Latin nouns type 2.8a) (-ier)
| ett stadium, flera stadier | a state, several states |
Irregular (borrowed English declension) of nouns type 1.9a (-s)
| en browser, flera browsers | a web browser, several web browsers |
Irregular (borrowed English declension) of nouns type 2.9b (-s)
| ett fan, flera fans | a fan, several fans |
| ett kid, flera kids (slang) | a kid, several kids |
for type 1.9a you may also use plural form browsrar (type 1d declination) for a better adaption to Swedish.
Example Sentances
| Där hänger några stänger. Some rods are hanging there. |
| Fyra flickor leker med två bollar. Four girls play with two balls |
| Barn klättrar gärna i träd. Children like climbing trees. |
| Tre gubbar har tillsammans sex stycken ögon. Three men has altogether six eyes. |
| Försök att lära dig alla dessa fem regler! Try to learn all these five rules! |
| Min dator klarar att ha fyra browsers öppna samtidigt. My computer manages to have four web browsers open at the same time. |
| Klockan sex tände vi åtta lampor. At 6 o'clock we lit eight lamps. |
| Romarna hade inte siffran noll. The romans did not have the number zero. |
Example Text
Till lektionerna behöver ni ta mer er pennor, sudd, anteckningsböcker samt era bärbara datorer. Mobiltelefonerna får vara påslagna, men jag vill inte höra några ringsignaler och heller inte att ni sitter och pratar i era telefoner under lektionstimmarna. Om någon bryter mot detta kommer vederbörande få svåra extrauppgifter som måste lösas för att få godkänt i mina ämnen.
To the lessons you need to bring pencils, erasers, note books and your lap tops. Cellular phones may be turned on but I don't want to hear any signals and neither that you talk in your phones during the lessons. If somebody violates this, that person will receive difficult extra tasks which needs to be solved in order to graduate in my subjects.
Exercises
Please translate into Swedish
1. Karin has three cellular phones.
2. We have a lot of enemies!
3. Some roads go to Uppsala.
4. My tailors tasks are easy.
5. Five pupils study four subjects.
Please translate into English
6. Du bryter mot en regel!
7. Hans sitter och pratar med två lärare.
8. Ett telefonnummer har minst sex siffror.
9. En flicka sitter framför katedern.
10. Ni har åtta lektionstimmar i dag.
Glossary
| ett barn, flera barn | a child, several children |
| att behöva | to need |
| en bil, flera bilar | a car, several cars |
| en boll, flera bollar | a ball, several balls |
| en browser, flera browsers | a web browser, several web browsers |
| ett centrum, flera centra | a centre, several centres |
| ett | one |
| ett faktum, flera fakta | a fact, several facts |
| fem | five |
| en fiende, flera fiender | an enemy, several enemies |
| en flicka, flera flickor | a girl, several girls |
| fyra | four |
| ett försök, flera försök | a trial, several trials |
| en gubbe, flera gubbar | an old man, several old men |
| en kateder, flera katedrar | a teacher's desk, several teacher's desks |
| en lampa, flera lampor | a lamp, several lamps |
| en lektion, flera lektioner | a lesson, several lessons |
| en lärare, flera lärare | a teacher, several teachers |
| nio | nine |
| noll | zero |
| en penna | a pencil, a pen |
| sex | six |
| sju | seven |
| en skräddare, flera skräddare | a tailor, several tailors |
| ett stadium, flera stadier | a state, several states |
| en stege, flera stegar | a ladder, several ladders |
| tio | ten |
| tre | three |
| ett träd, flera träd | a tree, several trees |
| två | two |
| en stubbe, flera stubbar | a stub, several stubs |
| en sudd, flera suddar | an eraser |
| en tistel, flera tistlar | a thistle, several thistles |
| en tjäder, flera tjädrar | a cappercaillie, several cappercaillies |
| en vinkel, flera vinklar | an angle, several angles (geometry) |
| en väg, flera vägar | a road, several roads |
| en väska, flera väskor | a bag, several bags |
| åtta | eight |
| en ängel, flera änglar | an angle, several angles (heavenly) |