|
|
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| {{Template:Introduction to Swedish}}
| | #REDIRECT [[Swedish numbers and plurals]] |
| | |
| ==Grammar==
| |
| | |
| '''Counting numbers up to ten:'''
| |
| | |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>noll</td><td>''zero''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>ett</td><td>''one''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>två</td><td>''two''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>tre</td><td>''three''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>fyra</td><td>''four''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>fem</td><td>''five''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>sex</td><td>''six''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>sju</td><td>''seven''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>åtta</td><td>''eight''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>nio</td><td>''nine''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>tio</td><td>''ten''</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| | |
| '''DECLENSIONS [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declension]'''
| |
| | |
| ''Well, it is hard to remember which noun is which type.''
| |
| ''However, it is important for mastering Swedish. Using the wrong declension will be noticed.''
| |
| ''Always learn a new noun by repeatedly saying like:'' "en glosa, flera glosor" ''(one translated word, several translated words) and you will build up a proper grammatical vocabulary.''
| |
| | |
| ''Gender: Common nouns are labeled '''type 1.'''''
| |
| ''and neuter nouns are labeled '''type 2.'''''
| |
| | |
| ''Plural types are labeled: '''1x-8x''', where '''x''' is the declension sub type.''
| |
| | |
| '''Regular nouns type 1.1a (-or)'''
| |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>en flicka, flera flickor</td><td>''a girl, several girls''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en väska, flera väskor</td><td>''a bag, several bags''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en lampa, flera lampor</td><td>''a lamp, several lamps''</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| | |
| '''Regular nouns type 1.2a (-ar)'''
| |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>en bil, flera bilar</td><td>''a car, several cars''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en väg, flera vägar</td><td>''a road, several roads''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en boll, flera bollar</td><td>''a ball, several balls''</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| | |
| '''Regular nouns type 1.2b (-ar)'''
| |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>en stubbe, flera stubbar</td><td>''a stub, several stubs''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en gubbe, flera gubbar</td><td>''an old man, several old men</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en stege, flera stegar</td><td>''a ladder, several ladders</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| | |
| '''Regular nouns type 1.2c (-ar)'''
| |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>en vinkel, flera vinklar</td><td>''an angle, several angles (geometry)''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en ängel, flera änglar</td><td>''an angle, several angles (heavenly)''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en tistel, flera tistlar</td><td>''a thistle, several thistles''</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| | |
| '''Regular nouns type 1.2d (-ar)'''
| |
| [[Image:Capercaillie.jpg|En tjäder|thumb]]
| |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>en kateder, flera katedrar</td><td>''a teacher's desk, several teacher's desks''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en tjäder, flera tjädrar</td><td>''a cappercaillie, several cappercaillies''</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| | |
| '''Irregular nouns type 1.3a (-er)'''
| |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>en sak, flera saker</td><td>''a thing, several things''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en musikal, flera musikaler</td><td>''a musical, several musicals''</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| '''Irregular nouns type 2.3b (-er)'''
| |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>ett frö, flera fröer</td><td>''a seed, several seeds''</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| | |
| '''Irregular nouns type 1.3c (-er)'''
| |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>en regel, flera regler</td><td>''a rule, several rules''</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| | |
| '''Regular nouns type 2.4a (-n)'''
| |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>ett äpple, flera äpplen</td><td>''a apple, several apples''</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| | |
| '''Regular nouns type 2.5a (-)'''
| |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>ett träd, flera träd</td><td>''a tree, several trees''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>ett barn, flera barn</td><td>''a child, several children''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>ett försök, flera försök</td><td>''a trial, several trials''</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| | |
| '''Irregular nouns type 1.5b (-)'''
| |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>en lärare, flera lärare</td><td>''a teacher, several teachers''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en skräddare, flera skräddare</td><td>''a tailor, several tailors''</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| | |
| [[Image:Victory at Narva.jpg|King Charles XII, victory at the battle of Narva 1700.|thumb]] | |
| '''Irregular nouns type 1.6a (-r)'''
| |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>en fiende, flera fiender</td><td>''an enemy, several enemies''</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| | |
| '''Regular (borrowed Latin 2:nd declension) of nouns type 2.7a (-a)'''
| |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>ett faktum, flera fakta</td><td>''a fact, several facts''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>ett centrum, flera centra</td><td>''a centre, several centres''</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| | |
| '''Regular (borrowed Latin nouns type 2.8a) (-ier)'''
| |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>ett stadium, flera stadier</td><td>''a state, several states''</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| | |
| '''Irregular (borrowed English declension) of nouns type 1.9a (-s)'''
| |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>en browser, flera browsers</td><td>''a web browser, several web browsers''</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| | |
| '''Irregular (borrowed English declension) of nouns type 2.9b (-s)'''
| |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>ett fan, flera fans</td><td>''a fan, several fans''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>ett kid, flera kids (slang)</td><td>''a kid, several kids''</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| ''for type 1.9a you may also use plural form'' browsrar ''(type 1d declination) for a better adaption to Swedish.''
| |
| | |
| ==Example Sentances==
| |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>Där hänger några stänger. ''Some rods are hanging there.''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>Fyra flickor leker med två bollar. ''Four girls play with two balls''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>Barn klättrar gärna i träd. ''Children like climbing trees.''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>Tre gubbar har tillsammans sex stycken ögon. ''Three men has altogether six eyes.''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>Försök att lära dig alla dessa fem regler! ''Try to learn all these five rules!''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>Min dator klarar att ha fyra browsers öppna samtidigt. ''My computer manages to have four web browsers open at the same time.''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>Klockan sex tände vi åtta lampor. ''At 6 o'clock we lit eight lamps.''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>Romarna hade inte siffran noll. ''The romans did not have the number zero.''</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| | |
| ==Example Text==
| |
| Till lektionerna behöver ni ta mer er pennor, sudd, anteckningsböcker samt
| |
| era bärbara datorer. Mobiltelefonerna får vara påslagna, men jag vill inte
| |
| höra några ringsignaler och heller inte att ni sitter och pratar i era telefoner under lektionstimmarna.
| |
| Om någon bryter mot detta kommer vederbörande få svåra extrauppgifter som måste lösas för att få godkänt i mina ämnen.
| |
| | |
| To the lessons you need to bring pencils, erasers, note books and your lap tops. Cellular phones may be turned on but I don't
| |
| want to hear any signals and neither that you talk in your phones during the lessons. If somebody violates this, that person
| |
| will receive difficult extra tasks which needs to be solved in order to graduate in my subjects.
| |
| | |
| ==Exercises==
| |
| ''Please translate into Swedish''<BR>
| |
| 1. Karin has three cellular phones.<BR>
| |
| 2. We have a lot of enemies!<BR>
| |
| 3. Some roads go to Uppsala.<BR>
| |
| 4. My tailors tasks are easy.<BR>
| |
| 5. Five pupils study four subjects.<BR>
| |
| ''Please translate into English''<BR>
| |
| 6. Du bryter mot en regel!<BR>
| |
| 7. Hans sitter och pratar med två lärare.<BR>
| |
| 8. Ett telefonnummer har minst sex siffror.<BR>
| |
| 9. En flicka sitter framför katedern.<BR>
| |
| 10. Ni har åtta lektionstimmar i dag.<BR>
| |
| | |
| ==Glossary==
| |
| | |
| <table>
| |
| <tr><td>ett barn, flera barn</td><td>''a child, several children''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>att behöva</td><td>''to need''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en bil, flera bilar</td><td>''a car, several cars''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en boll, flera bollar</td><td>''a ball, several balls''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en browser, flera browsers</td><td>''a web browser, several web browsers''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>ett centrum, flera centra</td><td>''a centre, several centres''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>ett</td><td>''one''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>ett faktum, flera fakta</td><td>''a fact, several facts''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>fem</td><td>''five''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en fiende, flera fiender</td><td>''an enemy, several enemies''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en flicka, flera flickor</td><td>''a girl, several girls''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>fyra</td><td>''four''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>ett försök, flera försök</td><td>''a trial, several trials''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en gubbe, flera gubbar</td><td>''an old man, several old men</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en kateder, flera katedrar</td><td>''a teacher's desk, several teacher's desks''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en lampa, flera lampor</td><td>''a lamp, several lamps''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en lektion, flera lektioner</td><td>''a lesson, several lessons''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en lärare, flera lärare</td><td>''a teacher, several teachers''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>nio</td><td>''nine''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>noll</td><td>''zero''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en penna</td><td>''a pencil, a pen''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>sex</td><td>''six''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>sju</td><td>''seven''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en skräddare, flera skräddare</td><td>''a tailor, several tailors''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>ett stadium, flera stadier</td><td>''a state, several states''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en stege, flera stegar</td><td>''a ladder, several ladders</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>tio</td><td>''ten''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>tre</td><td>''three''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>ett träd, flera träd</td><td>''a tree, several trees''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>två</td><td>''two''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en stubbe, flera stubbar</td><td>''a stub, several stubs''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en sudd, flera suddar</td><td>''an eraser''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en tistel, flera tistlar</td><td>''a thistle, several thistles''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en tjäder, flera tjädrar</td><td>''a cappercaillie, several cappercaillies''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en vinkel, flera vinklar</td><td>''an angle, several angles (geometry)''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en väg, flera vägar</td><td>''a road, several roads''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en väska, flera väskor</td><td>''a bag, several bags''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>åtta</td><td>''eight''</td></tr>
| |
| <tr><td>en ängel, flera änglar</td><td>''an angle, several angles (heavenly)''</td></tr>
| |
| </table>
| |
| [[Category:Swedish]]
| |