Jump to content

Archive:Introduction to German: Difference between revisions

From IdeaWazaWiki
← Older editNewer edit →

wikademia>Gbaor

wikademia>Emeseee
wikademia>Gbaor
Line 39: Line 39:


=== Vocabulary ===
=== Vocabulary ===
==== Expressions of Time ====
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Specific Time'''
|-
! German !! English
|-
| die Zeit || time
|-
| die Stunde || hour
|-
| die Minute || minute
|-
| die Sekunde || second
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Generic Times'''
|-
! German !! English
|-
| der Tag || day
|-
| der Morgen || morning
|-
| der Mittag || midday/noon
|-
| der Nachmittag|| afternoon
|-
| der Abend || evening
|-
| die Nacht || night
|-
| die Mitternacht || midnight
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Past/Future/Present'''
! German || English
|-
| gestern || yesterday
|-
| heute || today
|-
| morgen || tomorrow
|}


===='''Greeting Started'''====
===='''Greeting Started'''====

Revision as of 19:19, 2 October 2008

Welcome to Introduction to German, part of Foreign Language Learning and Language and Literature school. The aim of this beginner level course is to tell you about the basics of German, no prior knowledge is required. It helps however, if you are good in English (while this material is written in it) and also some knowledge of grammatical terms comes handy. So... If you know the know what is the difference between "plural" and "singular", you can move further :) ...and join the German Stream if you want.


Learning materials and learning projects can be used by multiple departments. Cooperate with other departments that use the same learning resource.

Learning materials and learning projects are located in the main Wikiversity namespace. Simply make a link to the name of the lesson (lessons are independent pages in the main namespace) and start writing!

Lessons

  • The Pronouns <--Needs to be numbered in a good place when other lessons are written (probably first).

Typing German characters into a computer

For a PC, you have quick access by typing the following:
ß - alt+225
ä - alt+132
ö - alt+148
ü - alt+129
Ä - alt+142
Ö - alt+153
Ü - alt+154
On a Mac, the commands are as follows:
ß - ⌥ + s
ä - ⌥ + u, a
ö - ⌥ + u, o
ü - ⌥ + u, u

Note: the umlaut can be assigned to any vowel by first holding '⌥' and pressing the 'u' key. It will then wait for a vowel key to be pressed.

Alphabet/Pronunciation

Vocabulary

Greeting Started

German English
Ich lerne Deutsch I am learning German


Common Greetings

German English
Hallo! Hello!
Guten Morgen! Good Morning
Guten Abend! Good Evening
Gute Nacht! Good Night (Only say if you're going to bed! Use 'Guten Abend' until bedtime. Regardless of the hour.)
Guten Tag! Hello/Good Day
Tag! (shorter version of above)
Grüß dich! Hello (Lit.: Greet you)(informal/regional)
Ich heiße... My name is... (Lit.: I am called...)
Wie geht's?(inf)
Wie geht es Ihnen? (for)		 How's it going?
Was gibt's? What's up? (Literally: What gives it?/What does it give?) (informal/regional)
Grüß Gott! Hello (Literally: Greet God) (regional, southern Germany/Austria mainly)

Numbers

Cardinal Numbers
Number German English
1 eins one
2 zwei two
3 drei three
4 vier four
5 fünf five
6 sechs six
7 sieben seven
8 acht eight
9 neun nine
10 zehn ten
  • Eleven and twelve are irregular:
German English
elf eleven
zwölf twelve
  • Numbers 13 through 19 are created as follows:
First digit number + 'zehn'
German English
dreizehn thirteen
vierzehn fourteen
fünfzehn fifteen
sechzehn sixteen
siebzehn seventeen
achtzehn eighteen
neunzehn nineteen

Note: The "-s" in "Sechs" and the "-en" in "Sieben" are dropped in the combination.

Double Digits
  • In German, two digit numbers are created by:
 adding the suffix "-zig." (similar to English "-ty").
German English
zwanzig twenty
dreißig thirty
vierzig forty
fünfzig fifty
sechzig sixty
siebzig seventy
achtzig eighty
neunzig ninety

Note: The spellings of zwanzig (20), dreißig (30), sechzig (60), and siebzig (70) are irregular.

  • Two digit numbers that do not end with zero are made as follows:
second digit + und + the number as it would be said if it ended in zero (English Example: 42 / Two and Fourty / twoandfourty / Zwei und vierzig / zweiundvierzig)

Examples:

German English
einundzwanzig 21
siebunddreißig 37
sechsundvierzig 46
vierundsechzig 64
neunundneunzig 99
  • Large numbers are similar to English:
German English
hundert 100
tausend 1.000
Million 1.000.000
Milliarde 1.000.000.000
Billion 1.000.000.000.000
Billiarde 1.000.000.000.000.000

Note: Periods (.) are used to divide large numbers into groups of three, as opposed to commas (,).

  • Commas are used as decimal points:
1.001 = "one thousand"
1,001 = "one point zero zero one"

Sports

German English
der Amerikanische Fußball American football
der Fußball football/soccer
der Tischtennis tabletennis/Pingpong

Important verbs

Verb tables below


Other Verbs

  • gehen to go
  • machen to do
  • brauchen- to need
  • essen- to eat
  • heissen- to be called (as in, "her name is"; "sie heisst Claudia...")
  • wissen- to know (knowledge, information)
  • kennen- to know (acquaintance)
  • spielen- to play
  • besuchen- to visit
  • laufen- to run
  • radfahren- to ride a bike (Separable prefix. Ex. Ich fahre rad. (I ride a bike.))
  • lachen = to laugh
  • sehen = to see (Stem-changer... for du, er, sie, and es change the first 'e' to 'ie'): Ex. Siehst du mich? (Do you see me?)
  • möchten = to would like
  • fliegen = to fly
  • lieben = to love
  • schlafen = to sleep (Stem-changer. Change 'a' to umlauted 'a'.)
  • weinen = to cry
  • mögen = to like (Stem changer, change umlauted 'o' to 'a' in du, er, sie, and es forms. (Ex. Ich mag Katzen: I like cats.))

Assignments

To help you get acquainted with the written language, use this subpage to get in contact with German speaking Wikiversity participants.

Learning Resources

  • A podcast for students Slow German is spoken clearly and slowly. Mehr Informationen unter www.slowgerman.com

Active participants

Retrieved from "https://ideawaza.com/index.php?title=Archive:Introduction_to_German&oldid=18016"