About genetics: Difference between revisions
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'''Genetics''' (from [[Ancient Greek]] | '''Genetics''' (from [[Ancient Greek]], “genitive” and that from {{Polytonic|γένεσις}} ''{{lang|grc-Latn|genesis}}'', “origin”<ref>[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2321880 Genetikos, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, "A Greek-English Lexicon", at Perseus]</ref><ref>[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2321873 Genesis, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, "A Greek-English Lexicon", at Perseus]</ref><ref>[http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=Genetic&searchmode=none Online Etymology Dictionary]</ref>), a discipline of [[biology]], is the [[science]] of [[genes]], [[heredity]], and [[Genetic variation|variation]] in living [[organism]]s.<ref name=griffiths2000sect60>{{cite book |editor1-first=Anthony J. F. |editor1-last=Griffiths |editor2-first=Jeffrey H. |editor2-last=Miller |editor3-first=David T. |editor3-last=Suzuki |editor4-first=Richard C. |editor4-last=Lewontin |editor5-last=Gelbart |title=An Introduction to Genetic Analysis |year=2000 |isbn=0-7167-3520-2 |edition=7th |publisher=W. H. Freeman |location=New York |chapterurl=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=iga.section.60 |chapter=Genetics and the Organism: Introduction |editor-first=William M.}}</ref><ref name=Hartl_and_Jones>Hartl D, Jones E (2005) | ||
</ref> The fact that living things inherit traits from their parents has been used since [[prehistoric]] times to improve crop plants and animals through [[selective breeding]]. However, the modern science of genetics, which seeks to understand the process of inheritance, only began with the work of [[Gregor Mendel]] in the mid-19th century.<ref name=Weiling>{{cite journal |pmid=1887835| doi=10.1002/ajmg.1320400103 |year=1991 |last1=Weiling |first1=F |title=Historical study: Johann Gregor Mendel 1822–1884. |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=1–25; discussion 26 |journal=American journal of medical genetics}}</ref> Although he did not know the physical basis for heredity, Mendel observed that organisms inherit traits via [[Countable set|discrete]] units of inheritance, which are now called [[gene]]s. | </ref> The fact that living things inherit traits from their parents has been used since [[prehistoric]] times to improve crop plants and animals through [[selective breeding]]. However, the modern science of genetics, which seeks to understand the process of inheritance, only began with the work of [[Gregor Mendel]] in the mid-19th century.<ref name=Weiling>{{cite journal |pmid=1887835| doi=10.1002/ajmg.1320400103 |year=1991 |last1=Weiling |first1=F |title=Historical study: Johann Gregor Mendel 1822–1884. |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=1–25; discussion 26 |journal=American journal of medical genetics}}</ref> Although he did not know the physical basis for heredity, Mendel observed that organisms inherit traits via [[Countable set|discrete]] units of inheritance, which are now called [[gene]]s. | ||
Revision as of 17:46, 20 November 2010
Genetics (from Ancient Greek, “genitive” and that from Template:Polytonic genesis, “origin”[1][2][3]), a discipline of biology, is the science of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms.[4][5] The fact that living things inherit traits from their parents has been used since prehistoric times to improve crop plants and animals through selective breeding. However, the modern science of genetics, which seeks to understand the process of inheritance, only began with the work of Gregor Mendel in the mid-19th century.[6] Although he did not know the physical basis for heredity, Mendel observed that organisms inherit traits via discrete units of inheritance, which are now called genes.
- ↑ Genetikos, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, "A Greek-English Lexicon", at Perseus
- ↑ Genesis, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, "A Greek-English Lexicon", at Perseus
- ↑ Online Etymology Dictionary
- ↑ Griffiths, William M.; Miller, Jeffrey H.; Suzuki, David T. et al., eds (2000). "Genetics and the Organism: Introduction". An Introduction to Genetic Analysis (7th ed.). New York: W. H. Freeman. ISBN 0-7167-3520-2.
- ↑ Hartl D, Jones E (2005)
- ↑ Weiling, F (1991). "Historical study: Johann Gregor Mendel 1822–1884.". American journal of medical genetics 40 (1): 1–25; discussion 26. doi:. PMID 1887835.