Heartburn in pregnancy: Difference between revisions
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| synonyms = Indigestion in pregnancy, acid reflux in pregnancy<ref name=NHS2026/> | | synonyms = Indigestion in pregnancy, acid reflux in pregnancy<ref name=NHS2026/> | ||
| image = Heartburninpregnancy_by_hariadhi.svg | | image = Heartburninpregnancy_by_hariadhi.svg | ||
| specialty = [[Family medicine]], [[obstetrics and gynecology]] | | specialty = [[Family medicine]], [[obstetrics and gynecology]] | ||
| symptoms = [[heartburn|Burning in the chest or throat]]<ref name=BMJ2015/> | | symptoms = [[heartburn|Burning in the chest or throat]]<ref name=BMJ2015/> | ||
| complications = [[esophagitis|Inflammation of the esophagus]], cough, [[asthma]]<ref name=BMJ2015/><ref name=Dun2022/> | | complications = [[esophagitis|Inflammation of the esophagus]], cough, [[asthma]]<ref name=BMJ2015/><ref name=Dun2022/> | ||
| causes = Pressure from the baby, [[hormone]] changes<ref name=NHS2026/> | | causes = Pressure from the baby, [[hormone]] changes<ref name=NHS2026/> | ||
| risks = Fatty or spicy food<ref name=Dun2022/> | | risks = Fatty or spicy food<ref name=Dun2022/> | ||
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| prognosis = Generally resolves after [[childbirth|delivery]]<ref name=Dun2022/> | | prognosis = Generally resolves after [[childbirth|delivery]]<ref name=Dun2022/> | ||
| frequency = 17 to 45%<ref name=BMJ2015/> | | frequency = 17 to 45%<ref name=BMJ2015/> | ||
}} | }} | ||
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Revision as of 13:29, 21 July 2026
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Heartburn in pregnancy is the common physiological symptom of burning in the esophagus or throat during pregnancy.[1][2] There may also be associated regurgitation.[3] It does not appear to affect pregnancy outcomes; though, affects quality of life during pregnancy.[3] Complications may include inflammation of the esophagus, cough, or asthma.[1][3] In those who are affected, it usually starts near the end of the first trimester or in the second trimester, becomes more frequent by the time of the third trimester, and resolves on its own soon after delivery.[2][4]
Risk factors may include fatty or spicy food.[3] The underlying mechanism involves the size of the baby as well as hormone changes.[5] This results in stomach acid entering the esophagus.[1] Diagnosis is generally based on symptoms; though, may rarely be supported by upper endoscopy.[1][3] Esophagitis, on the other hand, is uncommon and usually occurs in those who had the disease before the pregnancy.[2] The diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can be considered if heartburn is troublesome or has complications.[6] If a person had the disease before pregnancy, heartburn can be considered an exacerbation of GERD.[7]
Initial efforts often include eating small frequent meals and avoiding eating before sleeping.[5] Sleeping with the head raised and reducing caffeine may also be tried.[1] Antireflux medications can be potentially teratogenic, so lifestyle modifications may be preferable in mild cases.[2] Medications that may help include antacids, sucralfate, H2 blockers, and proton pump inhibitors.[1][3] Magnesium, aluminum, and calcium-containing antacids appear safe.[3] Heartburn in pregnancy is common, particularly after 12 weeks of gestation.[5] About 17 to 45% of pregnancies are affected at some point.[1]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Vazquez, JC (8 September 2015). "Heartburn in pregnancy.". BMJ clinical evidence 2015. PMID 26348641.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Template:Cite Q
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Dunbar, K; Yadlapati, R; Konda, V (1 October 2022). "Heartburn, Nausea, and Vomiting During Pregnancy.". The American journal of gastroenterology 117 (10S): 10-15. doi:. PMID 36194028.
- ↑ Template:Cite Q
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "Indigestion and heartburn in pregnancy" (in en). 3 December 2020. https://www.nhs.uk/pregnancy/common-symptoms/indigestion-and-heartburn/.
- ↑ Template:Cite Q
- ↑ Template:Cite Q