Full frame (cinematography): Difference between revisions

Revision as of 20:45, 17 June 2006

For the term relating to video transfers, see full screen.

For this term in digital photography, see full frame digital SLR.

In cinematography, full frame refers to the use of the full film gate at maximum width and height for 35 mm film cameras. It is sometimes also referred to as silent aperture, full gate, or a number of other similar word combinations. It is the original gate size pioneered by William Dickson and Thomas Edison in 1892 and first used in the short film Blacksmithing Scene. Full frame is generally used by all 4-perf films, whether silent, standard 35 (Academy ratio width, or Super 35. The introduction of Academy ratio in 1932 required that the lens mount needed to be shifted slightly horizontally to re-center the lens at the new center of frame; however, the gate size did not change as the extra negative information would be cropped out by lab processes in post-production. 4-perf Super 35 is nearly identical to the original full frame standard, although the lens mount requires vertical re-centering when common topline extraction is used. It should also be noted that hard mattes for all common ratios exist and either replace the film gate itself or are inserted within it. However, these are usually not used in the event that any reframing needs to be done.

Technical Specifications

Technical specifications are standardized by SMPTE.

frames per foot: 16 (19 mm per frame)
speed: 1000 feet = about 11 minutes at 24 frame/s
pulldown: vertical
perforations per frame: 4 on both sides
aspect ratio: 1.33:1
camera aperture: 0.980" by 0.735"
projection aperture (silent): 0.931" by 0.698"

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+:''For the term relating to [[video]] transfers, see [[full screen]]''.
 :''For this term in [[digital photography]], see [[full frame digital SLR]].''
-{{inuse}}
-In [[cinematography]] and [[photography]], '''full frame''' or '''flat''' filming captures all of the desired image along with additional visual information surrounding the target frame. One advantage of using full frame filming is that it gives the filmmaker a larger picture to work with when creating a [[pan and scan]] transfer of the film; one of the disadvantages is that it does not make optimal use of the available film area for [[widescreen]] versions, as [[anamorphic widescreen]] does.
-When projecting a full frame film onto a wide theatrical screen, part of the image must be masked out; this process is known as ''soft matte''. Widescreen video transfers similarly crop out the additional video. A pan and scan transfer of the film, however, may more effectively make use of the additional picture, though it may contain unwanted objects such as boom [[microphone]]s, stage hands, or other props that would not have been visible in the widescreen version. Using the full frame does, however, allow viewers to see more of the full picture without [[letterbox]] bars.
+In [[cinematography]], '''full frame''' refers to the use of the full [[film gate]] at maximum width and height for [[35 mm film]] [[movie camera|cameras]]. It is sometimes also referred to as '''silent aperture''', '''full gate''',  or a number of other similar word combinations. It is the original gate size pioneered by [[William Dickson (film pioneer)|William Dickson]] and [[Thomas Edison]] in 1892 and first used in the short film ''[[Blacksmithing Scene]]''. Full frame is generally used by all [[negative pulldown|4-perf]] films, whether silent, standard 35 ([[Academy ratio]] width, or [[Super 35]]. The introduction of Academy ratio in 1932 required that the [[lens mount]] needed to be shifted slightly horizontally to re-center the lens at the new center of frame; however, the gate size did not change as the extra negative information would be cropped out by lab processes in post-production. 4-perf Super 35 is nearly identical to the original full frame standard, although the lens mount requires vertical re-centering when common topline extraction is used. It should also be noted that hard mattes for all common ratios exist and either replace the film gate itself or are inserted within it. However, these are usually not used in the event that any reframing needs to be done.
+==Technical Specifications==
+''Technical specifications are standardized by [[Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers|SMPTE]].''
+*'''frames per foot''': 16 (19 mm per frame)
+*'''speed''': 1000 feet = about 11 minutes at 24 frame/s
+*'''pulldown''': vertical
+*'''perforations per frame''': 4 on both sides
+*'''aspect ratio''': 1.33:1
+*'''camera aperture''': 0.980" by 0.735"
+*'''projection aperture''' (silent): 0.931" by 0.698"
 ==See also==
 *[[List of film formats]]
-*[[Super_35_mm_film|Super 35]]
+*[[Silent film]]
-*[[Pan and scan]]
 [[Category:Photographic terms]]
 {{filming-stub}}

wikipedia>Girolamo Savonarola

Revision as of 20:45, 17 June 2006

Technical Specifications

See also