Full frame (cinematography): Difference between revisions

Revision as of 20:49, 11 November 2024

In cinematography, full frame refers to an image area (today most commonly on a digital sensor) that is the same size as that used by a 35mm still camera.^[1] Still cameras run the film horizontally behind the lens, whereas standard 35mm motion-picture cameras run the film vertically. Thus a 35mm still camera's image is significantly larger than that of a standard 35mm motion-picture camera.

File:Super35 and Techniscope.png

35mm motion-picture frames

Specialty motion-picture formats have used film running horizontally, notably VistaVision (which produced a "full-frame" image) and Imax.

Historically, most digital cinema cameras have used Super-35-sized (similar to APS-C) sensors ^[2], largely to maintain compatibility with existing lenses and to produce traditional "cinematic" depth of field and field of view.

Full-frame cameras require lenses with larger optics, and produce shallower depth of field than conventional 35mm cinema cameras.^[3]

Technical specifications

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-{{unreferenced|date=October 2014}}
+In [[cinematography]], '''full frame''' refers to an image area (today most commonly on a digital sensor) that is the same size as that used by a 35mm ''still'' camera.<ref>https://pro.sony/ue_US/technology/full-frame-sensor</ref> Still cameras run the film ''horizontally'' behind the lens, whereas standard 35mm motion-picture cameras run the film ''vertically''. Thus a 35mm still camera's image is significantly larger than that of a standard 35mm motion-picture camera.
-In [[cinematography]], '''full frame''' refers to the use of the full [[film gate]] at maximum width and height for [[35mm movie film|35 mm film]] [[movie camera|cameras]]. It is sometimes also referred to as a '''silent aperture''', '''full gate''',  or a number of other similar word combinations. It is the original gate size pioneered by [[William Dickson (film pioneer)|William Dickson]] and [[Thomas Edison]] in 1892 and first used in the short film ''[[Blacksmithing Scene]]''. Full frame is generally used by all [[negative pulldown|4-perf]] films, whether silent, standard 35 ([[Academy ratio]] width), or [[Super 35]]. {{Citation needed|date=August 2009}}  The introduction of the Academy ratio in 1932 required that the [[lens mount]] needed to be shifted slightly horizontally to re-center the lens at the new center of the frame; however, the gate size did not change as the extra negative information would be cropped out by lab processes in post-production. 4-perf Super 35 is nearly identical to the original full frame standard, although the lens mount requires vertical re-centering when common topline extraction is used. Hard mattes for all common ratios exist and either replace the film gate itself or are inserted within it. However, these are usually not used in the event that any [[Reframing (filmmaking)|reframing]] needs to be done.
+[[file:135 film perforations.jpg|thumb|35mm still frame]]
+[[File:Super35 and Techniscope.png|right|thumb|300px|35mm motion-picture frames]]
+Specialty motion-picture formats have used film running horizontally, notably [[VistaVision]] (which produced a "full-frame" image) and [[Imax]].
+Historically, most digital cinema cameras have used [[Super-35]]-sized (similar to APS-C) sensors <ref>https://vmi.tv/blog/learn-help/guide-to-sensor-sizes-and-lens-formats/</ref>, largely to maintain compatibility with existing lenses and to produce traditional "cinematic" depth of field and field of view.
+Full-frame cameras require lenses with larger optics, and produce shallower depth of field than conventional 35mm cinema cameras.<ref>https://fstoppers.com/education/understanding-how-sensor-size-affects-depth-field-312599</ref>
 ==Technical specifications==
 {{See also|Academy ratio}}
-[[File:35 mm Full Frame.svg|thumb|300px|right|Comparison of projection aperture areas and lens centering for various aspect ratios on a negative exposed by a full frame 35 mm movie camera gate.]]
-''Standardized by [[Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers|SMPTE]].''
-'''as per [[35mm movie film|35 mm film]], except:'''
-*''aspect ratio'': 4:3
-*''camera aperture'': 0.980" by 0.735"
-*''projection aperture'' (silent): 0.931" by 0.698"
 {{br}}
 ==See also==
+*[[Image sensor format]]
 *[[35mm format]]
 *[[Full-frame digital SLR]]

wikipedia>Stokestack

Revision as of 20:49, 11 November 2024

Technical specifications

See also