Estampage: Difference between revisions
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'''Estampage''' or stamping, is a term commonly used in [[Epigraphy]] to obtain the exact replica of an inscription that cannot be transported. | '''Estampage''' or stamping, is a term commonly used in [[Epigraphy]] to obtain the exact replica of an inscription that cannot be transported. | ||
According to Jayanti Madhukar <ref name="jayanti_hindu_blr_2017">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/society/what-do-the-inscription-stones-of-bengaluru-say/article21670654.ece|title=What do the inscription stones of Bengaluru say?|last=Madhukar|first=Jayanthi|date=2017-12-16|work=The Hindu|access-date=2017-12-19|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> | According to Jayanti Madhukar,<ref name="jayanti_hindu_blr_2017">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/society/what-do-the-inscription-stones-of-bengaluru-say/article21670654.ece|title=What do the inscription stones of Bengaluru say?|last=Madhukar|first=Jayanthi|date=2017-12-16|work=The Hindu|access-date=2017-12-19|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> it is defined as: {{Quote | ||
|text=''a process of ‘lifting’ the inscriptions from the stone on to a piece of paper for a clearer read'' | |text=''a process of ‘lifting’ the inscriptions from the stone on to a piece of paper for a clearer read'' | ||
}} The [[Merriam-Webster Dictionary]] defines it as <ref name="dict_mw">{{Cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/estampage|title=Definition of ESTAMPAGE|website=www.merriam-webster.com|language=en|access-date=2017-12-19}}</ref> | }} The [[Merriam-Webster Dictionary]] defines it as:<ref name="dict_mw">{{Cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/estampage|title=Definition of ESTAMPAGE|website=www.merriam-webster.com|language=en|access-date=2017-12-19}}</ref> {{Quote | ||
|text=''an impression of an inscription made on inked paper'' | |text=''an impression of an inscription made on inked paper'' | ||
}} | }} | ||
== Etymology == | == Etymology == | ||
According to T.S. Ravishankar, former director of the Epigraphy branch of the [[Archaeological Survey of India]] (ASI), Estampage is a purely Indian term used by [[Epigraphist]]s <ref name="jayanti_hindu_blr_2017"/> | According to T.S. Ravishankar, former director of the Epigraphy branch of the [[Archaeological Survey of India]] (ASI), Estampage is a purely Indian term used by [[Epigraphist]]s.<ref name="jayanti_hindu_blr_2017"/> | ||
However, a more linguistically correct explanation would be that it originated from the French word [[:wikt:fr:estampage|estampage]] (by itself of Proto-Germanic etymology) that literally means 'stamping' and in practice, can mean either of the two processes, namely industrial stamping of steel ([[forging]]) or the artistic stamping of various materials. The latter meaning seems to be have been adopted into epigraphy. | However, a more linguistically correct explanation would be that it originated from the French word [[:wikt:fr:estampage|estampage]] (by itself of Proto-Germanic etymology) that literally means 'stamping' and in practice, can mean either of the two processes, namely industrial stamping of steel ([[forging]]) or the artistic stamping of various materials. The latter meaning seems to be have been adopted into epigraphy. | ||
== Process of estampage == | == Process of estampage == | ||
Estampage is typically obtained by pressing wet paper on to the rock face, over which any ink material (usually, coal) is wiped. <ref name="Springer_ACCV14_process">{{Cite journal|last=Aswatha|first=Shashaank M.|last2=Talla|first2=Ananth Nath|last3=Mukhopadhyay|first3=Jayanta|last4=Bhowmick|first4=Partha|date=2014-11-01|title=A Method for Extracting Text from Stone Inscriptions Using Character Spotting|url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-16631-5_44|journal=Computer Vision - ACCV 2014 Workshops|series=Lecture Notes in Computer Science|language=en|publisher=Springer, Cham|pages=598–611|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-16631-5_44|isbn=9783319166308}}</ref> | Estampage is typically obtained by pressing wet paper on to the rock face, over which any ink material (usually, coal) is wiped.<ref name="Springer_ACCV14_process">{{Cite journal|last=Aswatha|first=Shashaank M.|last2=Talla|first2=Ananth Nath|last3=Mukhopadhyay|first3=Jayanta|last4=Bhowmick|first4=Partha|date=2014-11-01|title=A Method for Extracting Text from Stone Inscriptions Using Character Spotting|url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-16631-5_44|journal=Computer Vision - ACCV 2014 Workshops|series=Lecture Notes in Computer Science|language=en|publisher=Springer, Cham|pages=598–611|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-16631-5_44|isbn=9783319166308}}</ref> | ||
== Usage == | == Usage == | ||
Within India, estampages have been made for numerous items and inscriptions of archaeological significance. <ref name="book_indian_epigraphy">{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/466425560|title=Indian Epigraphy : a Guide to the Study of Inscriptions in Sanskrit, Prakrit, and the other Indo-Aryan Languages.|last=1948-|first=Salomon, Richard,|date=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=0195356667|location=New York|oclc=466425560}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tnarch.gov.in/epi.htm|title=EPIGRAPHY - ARCHAEOLOGY|website=www.tnarch.gov.in|access-date=2017-12-19}}</ref> | Within India, estampages have been made for numerous items and inscriptions of archaeological significance.<ref name="book_indian_epigraphy">{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/466425560|title=Indian Epigraphy : a Guide to the Study of Inscriptions in Sanskrit, Prakrit, and the other Indo-Aryan Languages.|last=1948-|first=Salomon, Richard,|date=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=0195356667|location=New York|oclc=466425560}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tnarch.gov.in/epi.htm|title=EPIGRAPHY - ARCHAEOLOGY|website=www.tnarch.gov.in|access-date=2017-12-19}}</ref> | ||
Some of them include: | Some of them include: | ||
* [[Edicts of Ashoka]] and [[Edicts of Ashoka#Estampages of Girnar Edicts|Estampages of Girnar Edicts]] in particular | * [[Edicts of Ashoka]] and [[Edicts of Ashoka#Estampages of Girnar Edicts|Estampages of Girnar Edicts]] in particular | ||
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== Museums and Displays == | == Museums and Displays == | ||
In 2016, the Epigraphy branch of the ASI Southern Zone opened a new, permanent museum and exhibition of estampages named ''Eugen Julius Theodor Hultzsch Memorial Museum and Epigraphical Photo Exhibition'' at the historic [[Fort St. George, India|Fort St. George]] at [[Chennai]], South India. | In 2016, the Epigraphy branch of the ASI Southern Zone opened a new, permanent museum and exhibition of estampages named ''Eugen Julius Theodor Hultzsch Memorial Museum and Epigraphical Photo Exhibition'' at the historic [[Fort St. George, India|Fort St. George]] at [[Chennai]], South India. | ||
This museum is named after [[E. Hultzsch]], a German epigraphist and [[Indology|Indologist]], renowned for understanding and deciphering the ancient inscriptions of Ashoka as part of his 159th birthday celebrations. <ref name="thehindu_museum_chennai">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/asi-opens-museum-of-estampages-from-across-india/article8407198.ece|title=ASI opens museum of estampages from across India|last=Swaminathan|first=T. s Atul|date=2016-03-29|work=The Hindu|access-date=2017-12-19|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> | This museum is named after [[E. Hultzsch]], a German epigraphist and [[Indology|Indologist]], renowned for understanding and deciphering the ancient inscriptions of Ashoka as part of his 159th birthday celebrations.<ref name="thehindu_museum_chennai">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/asi-opens-museum-of-estampages-from-across-india/article8407198.ece|title=ASI opens museum of estampages from across India|last=Swaminathan|first=T. s Atul|date=2016-03-29|work=The Hindu|access-date=2017-12-19|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> | ||
== See | == See also == | ||
* [[Fernand Courby]], a French | * [[Fernand Courby]], a French archaeologist | ||
* [http://www.mom.fr/estampages/presentation.html Collection of over 10,000 estampages from Greece and Middle East] at [[Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée]], Lyon, France | * [http://www.mom.fr/estampages/presentation.html Collection of over 10,000 estampages from Greece and Middle East] at [[Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée]], Lyon, France | ||
Revision as of 08:46, 19 December 2017
Estampage or stamping, is a term commonly used in Epigraphy to obtain the exact replica of an inscription that cannot be transported.
According to Jayanti Madhukar,[1] it is defined as: Template:Quote The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines it as:[2] Template:Quote
Etymology
According to T.S. Ravishankar, former director of the Epigraphy branch of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), Estampage is a purely Indian term used by Epigraphists.[1] However, a more linguistically correct explanation would be that it originated from the French word estampage (by itself of Proto-Germanic etymology) that literally means 'stamping' and in practice, can mean either of the two processes, namely industrial stamping of steel (forging) or the artistic stamping of various materials. The latter meaning seems to be have been adopted into epigraphy.
Process of estampage
Estampage is typically obtained by pressing wet paper on to the rock face, over which any ink material (usually, coal) is wiped.[3]
Usage
Within India, estampages have been made for numerous items and inscriptions of archaeological significance.[4][5] Some of them include:
- Edicts of Ashoka and Estampages of Girnar Edicts in particular
- Madho Sarup Vats
- Works by Tamil Nadu Archaeology Department
- Works by M. G. S. Narayanan
- Syriac/Pahlavi inscriptions of Kerala [6]
Museums and Displays
In 2016, the Epigraphy branch of the ASI Southern Zone opened a new, permanent museum and exhibition of estampages named Eugen Julius Theodor Hultzsch Memorial Museum and Epigraphical Photo Exhibition at the historic Fort St. George at Chennai, South India. This museum is named after E. Hultzsch, a German epigraphist and Indologist, renowned for understanding and deciphering the ancient inscriptions of Ashoka as part of his 159th birthday celebrations.[7]
See also
- Fernand Courby, a French archaeologist
- Collection of over 10,000 estampages from Greece and Middle East at Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée, Lyon, France
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Madhukar, Jayanthi (2017-12-16). "What do the inscription stones of Bengaluru say?" (in en-IN). The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. http://www.thehindu.com/society/what-do-the-inscription-stones-of-bengaluru-say/article21670654.ece.
- ↑ "Definition of ESTAMPAGE" (in en). https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/estampage.
- ↑ Aswatha, Shashaank M.; Talla, Ananth Nath; Mukhopadhyay, Jayanta; Bhowmick, Partha (2014-11-01). "A Method for Extracting Text from Stone Inscriptions Using Character Spotting" (in en). Computer Vision - ACCV 2014 Workshops. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Springer, Cham): 598–611. doi:. ISBN 9783319166308. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-16631-5_44.
- ↑ 1948-, Salomon, Richard, (1998). Indian Epigraphy : a Guide to the Study of Inscriptions in Sanskrit, Prakrit, and the other Indo-Aryan Languages.. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0195356667. OCLC 466425560. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/466425560.
- ↑ "EPIGRAPHY - ARCHAEOLOGY". http://www.tnarch.gov.in/epi.htm.
- ↑ Winckworth, C. P. T. (1929). "A NEW INTERPRETATION OF THE PAHLAVI CROSS-INSCRIPTIONS OF SOUTHERN INDIA". The Journal of Theological Studies 30 (119): 237–244. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23950669.
- ↑ Swaminathan, T. s Atul (2016-03-29). "ASI opens museum of estampages from across India" (in en-IN). The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/asi-opens-museum-of-estampages-from-across-india/article8407198.ece.