Archive:Fachhochschule: Difference between revisions
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''Fachhochschulen'' were first founded in Germany and were later adopted in [[Austria]], [[Liechtenstein]], [[Switzerland]], [[Cyprus]], and [[Greece]]. An increasing number of ''Fachhochschulen'' are abbreviated as ''Hochschule'', the generic term in Germany for institutions awarding academic degrees in higher education, or expanded as ''Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften (HAW)'', the German translation of "universities of applied sciences", which are primarily designed with a focus on teaching professional skills. [[Swiss law]] calls ''Fachhochschulen'' and universities "separate but equal".<ref name=HEdA/> | ''Fachhochschulen'' were first founded in Germany and were later adopted in [[Austria]], [[Liechtenstein]], [[Switzerland]], [[Cyprus]], and [[Greece]]. An increasing number of ''Fachhochschulen'' are abbreviated as ''Hochschule'', the generic term in Germany for institutions awarding academic degrees in higher education, or expanded as ''Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften (HAW)'', the German translation of "universities of applied sciences", which are primarily designed with a focus on teaching professional skills. [[Swiss law]] calls ''Fachhochschulen'' and universities "separate but equal".<ref name=HEdA/> | ||
Due to the [[Bologna process]], universities and ''Fachhochschulen'' award legally equivalent [[Bachelor's degree|bachelor's]] and [[Master's degree|master's]] degrees.<ref name="ME05">Secretariat of the Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs of the Länder in the Federal Republic of Germany, 10 October 2003, version of 22 September 2005</ref> Excepting research-intensive institutions in Hesse | Due to the [[Bologna process]], universities and ''Fachhochschulen'' award legally equivalent [[Bachelor's degree|bachelor's]] and [[Master's degree|master's]] degrees.<ref name="ME05">Secretariat of the Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs of the Länder in the Federal Republic of Germany, 10 October 2003, version of 22 September 2005</ref> Excepting research-intensive institutions in Hesse, Saxony Anhalt, Baden-Württemberg, North Rhine-Westphalia and Bavaria <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bayerische Staatszeitung |url=https://www.bayerische-staatszeitung.de/staatszeitung/wissenschaft/detailansicht-wissenschaft/artikel/fachhochschulen-ruecken-zu-unis-auf.html |access-date=2023-02-13 |website=www.bayerische-staatszeitung.de |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tagesspiegel.de/wissen/positiv-bewertete-fh-promotionen-5151454.html|title=Positiv bewertete FH-Promotionen|publisher=Tagesspiegel|access-date=1 December 2022}}</ref> ''Fachhochschulen'' do not award [[Doctorate|doctoral degrees]] themselves but sometimes in cooperation with award-granting partner universities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ma.uni-heidelberg.de/ag/grk886/index_e.html|title=Molecular imaging methods for the analysis of gene and protein expression|publisher=University of Heidelberg|access-date=6 June 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080928124649/http://www.ma.uni-heidelberg.de/ag/grk886/index_e.html|archive-date=28 September 2008}}</ref> This and the rule that they appoint only professors with a professional career of at least three years outside the university system are the two major ways in which they differ from traditional universities. | ||
==Impact of the Bologna process== | ==Impact of the Bologna process== | ||