Archive:Fachhochschule: Difference between revisions

Line 2:

{{short description|Type of vocational educational institution in German-speaking countries}}

A '''''Fachhochschule''''' ({{IPA-de|ˈfaxhoːxʃuːlə|lang|Fachhochschule.ogg}}; plural ''Fachhochschulen''), abbreviated '''FH''', is a [[university of applied sciences]] ('''UAS'''), in other words a [[Hochschule|German tertiary education institution]] that provides [[professional education]] in many applied sciences and applied arts, such as engineering, technology, business, architecture, design, and [[industrial design]].

A '''{{Lang|de|Fachhochschule}}''' ({{IPA-de|ˈfaxhoːxʃuːlə|lang|Fachhochschule.ogg}}; plural ''Fachhochschulen''), abbreviated '''FH''', is a [[university of applied sciences]] ('''UAS'''), in other words a [[Hochschule|German tertiary education institution]] that provides [[professional education]] in many applied sciences and applied arts, such as engineering, technology, business, architecture, design, and [[industrial design]].

''Fachhochschulen'' were first founded in Germany and were later adopted in [[Austria]], [[Liechtenstein]], [[Switzerland]], [[Cyprus]], and [[Greece]]. An increasing number of ''Fachhochschulen'' are abbreviated as ''Hochschule'', the generic term in Germany for institutions awarding academic degrees in higher education, or expanded as ''Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften (HAW)'', the German translation of "universities of applied sciences", which are primarily designed with a focus on teaching professional skills. [[Swiss law]] calls ''Fachhochschulen'' and universities "separate but equal".<ref name=HEdA/>

Line 17:

==In Germany==

The ''Fachhochschule'' or ''University of Applied Sciences and Arts'' is a type of German institution of higher education that emerged from the traditional Engineering Schools and similar professional schools of other disciplines. It differs from the traditional university (''Universität'') mainly through its more practical orientation.<ref name="UAS">{{cite news|title=University types: Universities of applied science|url=http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,5941530,00.html|access-date=17 August 2011|newspaper=[[Deutsche Welle]]|date=13 September 2010|author=Claudia Unseld|author2=Gaby Reucher}}</ref> Subjects taught at ''Fachhochschulen'' include engineering, computer science, business and management, arts and design, communication studies, social service, and other professional fields.

The {{Lang|de|Fachhochschule}} or ''University of Applied Sciences and Arts'' is a type of German institution of higher education that emerged from the traditional Engineering Schools and similar professional schools of other disciplines. It differs from the traditional university (''Universität'') mainly through its more practical orientation.<ref name="UAS">{{cite news|title=University types: Universities of applied science|url=http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,5941530,00.html|access-date=17 August 2011|newspaper=[[Deutsche Welle]]|date=13 September 2010|author=Claudia Unseld|author2=Gaby Reucher}}</ref> Subjects taught at ''Fachhochschulen'' include engineering, computer science, business and management, arts and design, communication studies, social service, and other professional fields.

The traditional degree awarded at a ''Fachhochschule'' was the ''Diplom (FH)''. Coursework generally totaled six semesters (three years) of full-time study, with various options for specialization. In addition, there were one or two practical training semesters to provide hands-on experience in real working environments. The program concluded, usually after 3.5 – 4 years, with the final examination and a thesis (''Diplomarbeit'') which is usually an extensive project on a current practical or scientific aspect of the profession.

The traditional degree awarded at a {{Lang|de|Fachhochschule}} was the ''Diplom (FH)''. Coursework generally totaled six semesters (three years) of full-time study, with various options for specialization. In addition, there were one or two practical training semesters to provide hands-on experience in real working environments. The program concluded, usually after 3.5 – 4 years, with the final examination and a thesis (''Diplomarbeit'') which is usually an extensive project on a current practical or scientific aspect of the profession.

In an effort to make educational degrees more compatible within Europe, the German [[Diplom#In Germany .2F Austria .2F Switzerland|Diplom]] degrees were mostly phased out by 2010 and replaced by the European bachelor's and master's degree.

The ''Fachhochschule'' represents a close relationship between higher education and the employment system. Their practical orientation makes them very attractive to employers.<ref>Studienberatung USA in der Fachhochschule Hannover, an Education USA Student Advising Center for Lower Saxony, affiliated with the U.S. Department of State, Washington, 2006. Adapted from: G. B. Porter, Federal Republic of Germany: a Study of the Educational System of the FRG and a Guide to the Academic Placement of Students in Educational Institutions of the United States. (American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers, 1986)</ref>

The {{Lang|de|Fachhochschule}} represents a close relationship between higher education and the employment system. Their practical orientation makes them very attractive to employers.<ref>Studienberatung USA in der Fachhochschule Hannover, an Education USA Student Advising Center for Lower Saxony, affiliated with the U.S. Department of State, Washington, 2006. Adapted from: G. B. Porter, Federal Republic of Germany: a Study of the Educational System of the FRG and a Guide to the Academic Placement of Students in Educational Institutions of the United States. (American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers, 1986)</ref>

Today, ''Fachhochschulen'' also conduct research. Research projects are either publicly funded or sponsored by industry. Nevertheless, in Germany the right to confer [[doctoral degree]]s is still generally reserved to ''Universitäten''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hrk.de/de/download/dateien/HGesetzePromotion2003.pdf |title=Auszüge aus dem Hochschulrahmengesetz der BRD (citings are outdated) |date=1 December 2003 |publisher=German Rectors Conference |format=PDF |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218230245/http://www.hrk.de/de/download/dateien/HGesetzePromotion2003.pdf |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> In 2016, however, [[Fulda University of Applied Sciences]] became the first ''Fachhochschule'' to be conferred this right for its graduate center for social sciences.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.spiegel.de/lebenundlernen/uni/fulda-erste-fachhochschule-darf-doktortitel-verleihen-a-1115948.html|title=Promotionsrecht: Erste Fachhochschule darf Doktortitel verleihen|publisher=SPIEGEL ONLINE|language=de|access-date=11 October 2016}}</ref> Several ''Fachhochschulen'' run doctoral programs where the degree itself is awarded by a partner university in Germany or abroad (similar to the doctoral programs in German [[research institute]]s, such as the [[Fraunhofer Society]] or the [[Max Planck Society]]).

Today, ''Fachhochschulen'' also conduct research. Research projects are either publicly funded or sponsored by industry. Nevertheless, in Germany the right to confer [[doctoral degree]]s is still generally reserved to ''Universitäten''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hrk.de/de/download/dateien/HGesetzePromotion2003.pdf |title=Auszüge aus dem Hochschulrahmengesetz der BRD (citings are outdated) |date=1 December 2003 |publisher=German Rectors Conference |format=PDF |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218230245/http://www.hrk.de/de/download/dateien/HGesetzePromotion2003.pdf |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> In 2016, however, [[Fulda University of Applied Sciences]] became the first {{Lang|de|Fachhochschule}} to be conferred this right for its graduate center for social sciences.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.spiegel.de/lebenundlernen/uni/fulda-erste-fachhochschule-darf-doktortitel-verleihen-a-1115948.html|title=Promotionsrecht: Erste Fachhochschule darf Doktortitel verleihen|publisher=SPIEGEL ONLINE|language=de|access-date=11 October 2016}}</ref> Several ''Fachhochschulen'' run doctoral programs where the degree itself is awarded by a partner university in Germany or abroad (similar to the doctoral programs in German [[research institute]]s, such as the [[Fraunhofer Society]] or the [[Max Planck Society]]).

There are a few universities, such as [[Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt]] and [[Bundeswehr University Munich]], which run ''Fachhochschule'' courses in addition to their normal courses.

There are a few universities, such as [[Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt]] and [[Bundeswehr University Munich]], which run {{Lang|de|Fachhochschule}} courses in addition to their normal courses.

==In Austria==

Line 169:

==In Switzerland==

The Swiss Universities of Applied Sciences UAS are [[vocational university|vocational universities]] established in Switzerland in 1995 following the model of the German Fachhochschulen. They are called ''Fachhochschule'' in German, ''Haute école specialisée'' in French and ''scuola universitaria professionale'' (SUP) in Italian. The Swiss Universities of Applied Sciences offer third level education, continuing education, services businesses and institutions, and produce applied research activities. In 2013 there are seven public UAS approved by the [[Swiss Federal Council]] in 1998 and two private UAS approved by the Federal Council in 2005 and 2008.<ref name="SERIFH">{{cite web|title=Switzerland’s Universities of Applied Sciences (UAS) |url=http://www.sbfi.admin.ch/themen/01337/01339/01340/index.html?lang=en |publisher=State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation SERI, Swiss Federal Administration |location=Berne, Switzerland |access-date=25 April 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005173157/http://www.sbfi.admin.ch/themen/01337/01339/01340/index.html?lang=en |archive-date=5 October 2013 }}</ref> The public UAS are run by one or more [[Cantons of Switzerland|cantons]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Schweizerischer FH-Rat / Conseil suisse des HES |trans-title=Swiss council of UAS |url=http://www.edk.ch/dyn/19680.php |publisher=Schweizerische Konferenz der Erziehungsdirektoren EDK CDIP CDPE CDEP |language=de, fr, it, rm |location=Berne, Switzerland |access-date=25 April 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120530074501/http://www.edk.ch/dyn/19680.php |archive-date=30 May 2012 }}</ref>

The Swiss Universities of Applied Sciences UAS are [[vocational university|vocational universities]] established in Switzerland in 1995 following the model of the German Fachhochschulen. They are called {{Lang|de|Fachhochschule}} in German, ''Haute école specialisée'' in French and ''scuola universitaria professionale'' (SUP) in Italian. The Swiss Universities of Applied Sciences offer third level education, continuing education, services businesses and institutions, and produce applied research activities. In 2013 there are seven public UAS approved by the [[Swiss Federal Council]] in 1998 and two private UAS approved by the Federal Council in 2005 and 2008.<ref name="SERIFH">{{cite web|title=Switzerland’s Universities of Applied Sciences (UAS) |url=http://www.sbfi.admin.ch/themen/01337/01339/01340/index.html?lang=en |publisher=State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation SERI, Swiss Federal Administration |location=Berne, Switzerland |access-date=25 April 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005173157/http://www.sbfi.admin.ch/themen/01337/01339/01340/index.html?lang=en |archive-date=5 October 2013 }}</ref> The public UAS are run by one or more [[Cantons of Switzerland|cantons]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Schweizerischer FH-Rat / Conseil suisse des HES |trans-title=Swiss council of UAS |url=http://www.edk.ch/dyn/19680.php |publisher=Schweizerische Konferenz der Erziehungsdirektoren EDK CDIP CDPE CDEP |language=de, fr, it, rm |location=Berne, Switzerland |access-date=25 April 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120530074501/http://www.edk.ch/dyn/19680.php |archive-date=30 May 2012 }}</ref>

UAS have the institutional mandate to provide degree programmes ([[Bachelor’s degrees|Bachelor's degrees]] and [[Master's degrees]]), continuing education and training, to conduct applied research and to offer services to companies and institutions. Students with a finished apprenticeship and a Fachmatura (subject [[Matura]]) and students with the [[Matura]] and a practical year in a company can access further education within the Universities for Applied Science. The UAS and their [[Bachelor’s degree|Bachelor's]] and [[Master's degree|Master's degrees]] are federally accredited.

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 {{Italic title}}
 {{short description|Type of vocational educational institution in German-speaking countries}}
-A '''''Fachhochschule''''' ({{IPA-de|ˈfaxhoːxʃuːlə|lang|Fachhochschule.ogg}}; plural ''Fachhochschulen''), abbreviated '''FH''', is a [[university of applied sciences]] ('''UAS'''), in other words a [[Hochschule|German tertiary education institution]] that provides [[professional education]] in many applied sciences and applied arts, such as engineering, technology, business, architecture, design, and [[industrial design]].
+A '''{{Lang|de|Fachhochschule}}''' ({{IPA-de|ˈfaxhoːxʃuːlə|lang|Fachhochschule.ogg}}; plural ''Fachhochschulen''), abbreviated '''FH''', is a [[university of applied sciences]] ('''UAS'''), in other words a [[Hochschule|German tertiary education institution]] that provides [[professional education]] in many applied sciences and applied arts, such as engineering, technology, business, architecture, design, and [[industrial design]].
 ''Fachhochschulen'' were first founded in Germany and were later adopted in [[Austria]], [[Liechtenstein]], [[Switzerland]], [[Cyprus]], and [[Greece]]. An increasing number of ''Fachhochschulen'' are abbreviated as ''Hochschule'', the generic term in Germany for institutions awarding academic degrees in higher education, or expanded as ''Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften (HAW)'', the German translation of "universities of applied sciences", which are primarily designed with a focus on teaching professional skills. [[Swiss law]] calls ''Fachhochschulen'' and universities "separate but equal".<ref name=HEdA/>
@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 ==In Germany==
 {{see also|Technische Hochschule}}
-The ''Fachhochschule'' or ''University of Applied Sciences and Arts'' is a type of German institution of higher education that emerged from the traditional Engineering Schools and similar professional schools of other disciplines. It differs from the traditional university (''Universität'') mainly through its more practical orientation.<ref name="UAS">{{cite news|title=University types: Universities of applied science|url=http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,5941530,00.html|access-date=17 August 2011|newspaper=[[Deutsche Welle]]|date=13 September 2010|author=Claudia Unseld|author2=Gaby Reucher}}</ref> Subjects taught at ''Fachhochschulen'' include engineering, computer science, business and management, arts and design, communication studies, social service, and other professional fields.
+The {{Lang|de|Fachhochschule}} or ''University of Applied Sciences and Arts'' is a type of German institution of higher education that emerged from the traditional Engineering Schools and similar professional schools of other disciplines. It differs from the traditional university (''Universität'') mainly through its more practical orientation.<ref name="UAS">{{cite news|title=University types: Universities of applied science|url=http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,5941530,00.html|access-date=17 August 2011|newspaper=[[Deutsche Welle]]|date=13 September 2010|author=Claudia Unseld|author2=Gaby Reucher}}</ref> Subjects taught at ''Fachhochschulen'' include engineering, computer science, business and management, arts and design, communication studies, social service, and other professional fields.
-The traditional degree awarded at a ''Fachhochschule'' was the ''Diplom (FH)''. Coursework generally totaled six semesters (three years) of full-time study, with various options for specialization. In addition, there were one or two practical training semesters to provide hands-on experience in real working environments. The program concluded, usually after 3.5 – 4 years, with the final examination and a thesis (''Diplomarbeit'') which is usually an extensive project on a current practical or scientific aspect of the profession.
+The traditional degree awarded at a {{Lang|de|Fachhochschule}} was the ''Diplom (FH)''. Coursework generally totaled six semesters (three years) of full-time study, with various options for specialization. In addition, there were one or two practical training semesters to provide hands-on experience in real working environments. The program concluded, usually after 3.5 – 4 years, with the final examination and a thesis (''Diplomarbeit'') which is usually an extensive project on a current practical or scientific aspect of the profession.
 In an effort to make educational degrees more compatible within Europe, the German [[Diplom#In Germany .2F Austria .2F Switzerland|Diplom]] degrees were mostly phased out by 2010 and replaced by the European bachelor's and master's degree.
-The ''Fachhochschule'' represents a close relationship between higher education and the employment system. Their practical orientation makes them very attractive to employers.<ref>Studienberatung USA in der Fachhochschule Hannover, an Education USA Student Advising Center for Lower Saxony, affiliated with the U.S. Department of State, Washington, 2006. Adapted from: G. B. Porter, Federal Republic of Germany: a Study of the Educational System of the FRG and a Guide to the Academic Placement of Students in Educational Institutions of the United States. (American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers, 1986)</ref>
+The {{Lang|de|Fachhochschule}} represents a close relationship between higher education and the employment system. Their practical orientation makes them very attractive to employers.<ref>Studienberatung USA in der Fachhochschule Hannover, an Education USA Student Advising Center for Lower Saxony, affiliated with the U.S. Department of State, Washington, 2006. Adapted from: G. B. Porter, Federal Republic of Germany: a Study of the Educational System of the FRG and a Guide to the Academic Placement of Students in Educational Institutions of the United States. (American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers, 1986)</ref>
-Today, ''Fachhochschulen'' also conduct research. Research projects are either publicly funded or sponsored by industry. Nevertheless, in Germany the right to confer [[doctoral degree]]s is still generally reserved to ''Universitäten''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hrk.de/de/download/dateien/HGesetzePromotion2003.pdf |title=Auszüge aus dem Hochschulrahmengesetz der BRD (citings are outdated) |date=1 December 2003 |publisher=German Rectors Conference |format=PDF |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218230245/http://www.hrk.de/de/download/dateien/HGesetzePromotion2003.pdf |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> In 2016, however, [[Fulda University of Applied Sciences]] became the first ''Fachhochschule'' to be conferred this right for its graduate center for social sciences.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.spiegel.de/lebenundlernen/uni/fulda-erste-fachhochschule-darf-doktortitel-verleihen-a-1115948.html|title=Promotionsrecht: Erste Fachhochschule darf Doktortitel verleihen|publisher=SPIEGEL ONLINE|language=de|access-date=11 October 2016}}</ref> Several ''Fachhochschulen'' run doctoral programs where the degree itself is awarded by a partner university in Germany or abroad (similar to the doctoral programs in German [[research institute]]s, such as the [[Fraunhofer Society]] or the [[Max Planck Society]]).
+Today, ''Fachhochschulen'' also conduct research. Research projects are either publicly funded or sponsored by industry. Nevertheless, in Germany the right to confer [[doctoral degree]]s is still generally reserved to ''Universitäten''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hrk.de/de/download/dateien/HGesetzePromotion2003.pdf |title=Auszüge aus dem Hochschulrahmengesetz der BRD (citings are outdated) |date=1 December 2003 |publisher=German Rectors Conference |format=PDF |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218230245/http://www.hrk.de/de/download/dateien/HGesetzePromotion2003.pdf |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> In 2016, however, [[Fulda University of Applied Sciences]] became the first {{Lang|de|Fachhochschule}} to be conferred this right for its graduate center for social sciences.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.spiegel.de/lebenundlernen/uni/fulda-erste-fachhochschule-darf-doktortitel-verleihen-a-1115948.html|title=Promotionsrecht: Erste Fachhochschule darf Doktortitel verleihen|publisher=SPIEGEL ONLINE|language=de|access-date=11 October 2016}}</ref> Several ''Fachhochschulen'' run doctoral programs where the degree itself is awarded by a partner university in Germany or abroad (similar to the doctoral programs in German [[research institute]]s, such as the [[Fraunhofer Society]] or the [[Max Planck Society]]).
-There are a few universities, such as [[Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt]] and [[Bundeswehr University Munich]], which run ''Fachhochschule'' courses in addition to their normal courses.
+There are a few universities, such as [[Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt]] and [[Bundeswehr University Munich]], which run {{Lang|de|Fachhochschule}} courses in addition to their normal courses.
 ==In Austria==
@@ Line 169: / Line 169: @@
 ==In Switzerland==
-The Swiss Universities of Applied Sciences UAS are [[vocational university|vocational universities]] established in Switzerland in 1995 following the model of the German Fachhochschulen. They are called ''Fachhochschule'' in German, ''Haute école specialisée'' in French and ''scuola universitaria professionale'' (SUP) in Italian. The Swiss Universities of Applied Sciences offer third level education, continuing education, services businesses and institutions, and produce applied research activities. In 2013 there are seven public UAS approved by the [[Swiss Federal Council]] in 1998 and two private UAS approved by the Federal Council in 2005 and 2008.<ref name="SERIFH">{{cite web|title=Switzerland’s Universities of Applied Sciences (UAS) |url=http://www.sbfi.admin.ch/themen/01337/01339/01340/index.html?lang=en |publisher=State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation SERI, Swiss Federal Administration |location=Berne, Switzerland |access-date=25 April 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005173157/http://www.sbfi.admin.ch/themen/01337/01339/01340/index.html?lang=en |archive-date=5 October 2013 }}</ref> The public UAS are run by one or more [[Cantons of Switzerland|cantons]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Schweizerischer FH-Rat / Conseil suisse des HES |trans-title=Swiss council of UAS |url=http://www.edk.ch/dyn/19680.php |publisher=Schweizerische Konferenz der Erziehungsdirektoren EDK CDIP CDPE CDEP |language=de, fr, it, rm |location=Berne, Switzerland |access-date=25 April 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120530074501/http://www.edk.ch/dyn/19680.php |archive-date=30 May 2012 }}</ref>
+The Swiss Universities of Applied Sciences UAS are [[vocational university|vocational universities]] established in Switzerland in 1995 following the model of the German Fachhochschulen. They are called {{Lang|de|Fachhochschule}} in German, ''Haute école specialisée'' in French and ''scuola universitaria professionale'' (SUP) in Italian. The Swiss Universities of Applied Sciences offer third level education, continuing education, services businesses and institutions, and produce applied research activities. In 2013 there are seven public UAS approved by the [[Swiss Federal Council]] in 1998 and two private UAS approved by the Federal Council in 2005 and 2008.<ref name="SERIFH">{{cite web|title=Switzerland’s Universities of Applied Sciences (UAS) |url=http://www.sbfi.admin.ch/themen/01337/01339/01340/index.html?lang=en |publisher=State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation SERI, Swiss Federal Administration |location=Berne, Switzerland |access-date=25 April 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005173157/http://www.sbfi.admin.ch/themen/01337/01339/01340/index.html?lang=en |archive-date=5 October 2013 }}</ref> The public UAS are run by one or more [[Cantons of Switzerland|cantons]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Schweizerischer FH-Rat / Conseil suisse des HES |trans-title=Swiss council of UAS |url=http://www.edk.ch/dyn/19680.php |publisher=Schweizerische Konferenz der Erziehungsdirektoren EDK CDIP CDPE CDEP |language=de, fr, it, rm |location=Berne, Switzerland |access-date=25 April 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120530074501/http://www.edk.ch/dyn/19680.php |archive-date=30 May 2012 }}</ref>
 UAS have the institutional mandate to provide degree programmes ([[Bachelor’s degrees|Bachelor's degrees]] and [[Master's degrees]]), continuing education and training, to conduct applied research and to offer services to companies and institutions. Students with a finished apprenticeship and a Fachmatura (subject [[Matura]]) and students with the [[Matura]] and a practical year in a company can access further education within the Universities for Applied Science. The UAS and their [[Bachelor’s degree|Bachelor's]] and [[Master's degree|Master's degrees]] are federally accredited.

Archive:Fachhochschule: Difference between revisions

wikipedia>HeyElliott