Czech/Pronouns: Difference between revisions
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{|class="wikitable" | {|class="wikitable" | ||
! | ! colspan="2" | | ||
! Masculine | ! Masculine | ||
! Feminine | ! Feminine | ||
! Neuter | ! Neuter | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Singluar | ! rowspan="2" | Singluar | ||
| ''tento'' | ! "this" | ||
| ''tato | | ''tento'' | ||
| ''toto | | ''tato'' | ||
| ''toto'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! "that", "the" | ||
| '' | | ''ten'' | ||
| '' | | ''ta'' | ||
| '' | | ''to'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="2" | Plural | |||
! "these" | |||
| ''tito''/''tyto'' | |||
| ''tyto'' | |||
| ''tato'' | |||
|- | |||
! "those", "the" | |||
| ''ti''/''ty'' | |||
| ''ty'' | |||
| ''ta'' | |||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 11:27, 23 February 2008
Personal Pronouns
Unlike many western-European languages, and like most other slavic tongues, Czech does not usually make much use of personal pronouns. This is primarily because the information that pronouns convey (person, plurality & gender), is already carried by other parts of speech. They are nonetheless useful for emphasis, and in those cases where there may be confusion.
First Person
| Case | Nominative | Genitive | Dative | Accusitive | Vocative | Locative | Instrumental |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular ("I") | já | mne/mě | mně/mi | mne/mě | null | mně | mnou |
| Plural ("we") | my | nás | nám | nás | nás | námi |
Second Person
| Case | Nominative | Genitive | Dative | Accusitive | Vocative | Locative | Instrumental |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular ("you") | ty | tebe/tě | tobě/ti | tebe/tě | null | tobě | tebou |
| Plural ("you guys") | vy | vás | vám | vás | vás | vámi |
Third Person
This is where things get interesting.
| Case | Nominative | Genitive | Dative | Accusitive | Vocative | Locative | Instrumental | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | masculine | on | jeho/něho ho jej/něj |
jemu/němu mu |
jeho/něho ho jej/něj |
null | něm | jím/ním |
| feminine | ona | jí/ní | jí/ní | ji/ni | ní | jí/ní | ||
| neuter | ono | jeho/něho ho jej/něj |
jemu/němu mu |
je/ně ho jej/něj |
něm | jím/ním | ||
| Plural | masculine | oni/ony | jich/nich | jim/nim | je/ně | nich | jimi/nimi | |
| feminine | ony | |||||||
| neuter | ona | |||||||
Possessive Pronouns
First Person
| Case | Singular | Plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| Nominative | můj | má/moje | mé/moje | mí/moji | mé/moje | mé/moje |
| Genitive | mého | mé/mojí | mého | mých | mých | mých |
| Dative | mému | mé/mojí | mému | mým | mým | mým |
| Accusative | mého/můj | mé/mojí | mé/moje | mé/moje | mé/moje | má/moje |
| Vocative | můj | má/moje | mé/moje | moji/moje | mé/moje | má/moje |
| Locative | mém | mé/mojí | mém | mých | mých | mých |
| Instrumental | mým | mou/mojí | mým | mými | mými | mými |
Second Person
TODO
| Case | Singular | Plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| Nominative | tvůj | tvoje | tvoje | |||
| Genitive | ||||||
| Dative | ||||||
| Accusative | ||||||
| Vocative | ||||||
| Locative | ||||||
| Instrumental | ||||||
Third Person
Demonstrative Pronouns
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singluar | "this" | tento | tato | toto |
| "that", "the" | ten | ta | to | |
| Plural | "these" | tito/tyto | tyto | tato |
| "those", "the" | ti/ty | ty | ta | |