Gastroenterology

Gastroenterology is the medical specialty which deals with study of digestive system and management of its disorders. Sometimes Hepatology i.e. study of liver and bile system is also discussed under the same topic.

Diseases primarily affecting mouth and oro-pharynges are deemed more appropriate for School of Dentistry. Similarly, most conditions presenting as Acute abdomen as well as disorders affecting Ano-rectal area will be described under Surgery. Diseases related to developmental anomalies will be covered in details under Pediatrics.

ICD 10 Disease classification is not strictly followed for ease of discussion.

File:Digestivesystem.jpg

Gastro-intestinal tract

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Gastroenterology

• Anatomy and Physiology[1]

• Related Clinical Features
  • Features suggestive of Upper GI (Gastro-intestinal) Disorder:

1. Dysphagia
2. Dyspepsia
3. Nausea and Vomiting
4. Hematemesis, Melena and Upper GI hemorrhage

• • Features suggestive of Lower GI Disorder:

1. Diarrhoea
2. Constipation
3. Hematochezia and Lower GI hemorrhage
4. Lower abdominal Pain

• Diagnostic Tools
  • Endoscopy
  • Motility studies
  • Imaging procedures- Both Noninvesive as well as Interventional
  • Biochemical Markers
  • Absorption studies

• Gastro-intestinal Diseases
  • Diseases affecting Upper GI Tract:

1. Peptic Ulcer Disease
2. Zollinger Ellison Syndrome
3. Non-infective Gastro-duodenitis
4. Esophageal dysmotility and reflux disorders
5. Tumors

• • Diseases affecting Lower GI Tract:

1. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
2. Malabsorption including Celiac disease
3. Intestinal ischemia and infarction
4. Diverticular Diseases
5. Tumors

• • Systemic Diseases affecting Gut

1. Granulomatous diseases e.g. sarcoidosis, Lymphoma, TB
2. Connective Tissue diseases and systemic vasculatides e.g. systemic sclerosis, PAN
3. Infections e.g. C. def Colitis, HIV related enteropathies

• • Functional bowel Diseases

1. Globus
2. Non-ulcer dyspepsia
3. Irritable bowel syndrome

• • Developmental anomalies

1. Meckel's diverticulum
2. Hirsprung's disease

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File:Hepatobiliary.gif

Biliary Tract

Hepatology

• Anatomy and Physiology

• Related Clinical Features
  • Jaundice
  • Ascites
  • Asterixis
• Diagnostic Tools
  • ERCP and MRCP
  • PTCA
  • Other Imaging procedures
  • Liver Biopsy

• Diseases of Hepato-biliary system
  • Hepatic Diseases

1. Alcoholic Liver Disease
2. Hepatitis
3. Chronic Liver Diseases
4. Cirrhosis and portal hypertension
5. Veno-occlusive diseases
6. Tumors

• • Diseases primarily affecting biliary system

1. Gallstones
2. Acalculus Cholecystitis
3. Biliary atresia
4. Sclerosing cholengitis
5. Pancreatitis- acute and chronic
6. Tumors

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Learning materials and learning projects

• Understanding Physiological principles involved in digestion, absorption, secretion and gut motility
• understanding Presentation, Diagnosis and Management of gastrointestinal diseases.
• investigative tools and procedures involved in diagnosis
  • Gastrointestinal Imaging
  • Understanding Endoscopy
• Gut and Immune system

Related Articles

Wikipedia Template:Gastroenterology[2]