Archive:MNR Tehosa class locomotive: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 21:21, 1 September 2026

The Manchukuo National Railway Tehosa class steam locomotives were a class of 4-6-0 passenger steam locomotives operated by the Manchukuo National Railway. Originally built for the South Manchuria Railway (Mantetsu), they later transferred to the MNR. The "Teho" name came from the American naming system for steam locomotives, under which locomotives with 4-6-0 wheel arrangement were called "Ten-Wheeler".

History

Together with the Sorisa class, these five passenger locomotives built by Beyer, Peacock & Company in 1912 were the first locomotives Mantetsu ordered from England. Designated class F2, in 1920 they were reclassified Tehosa (テホサ) class, and between then and 1926 they were rebuilt with superheaters. They were used on ordinary passenger trains on both the main line and the Anfeng Line. In 1927 four of the five were loaned to the Sitao Railway, but after the Mukden Incident in 1931, all five were leased to the Fengshan Railway. After the nationalisation of the Fengshan Railway and other privately held railway companies to create the Manchukuo National Railway in 1933, they were taken over by the Manchukuo National, where they were designated Tehoko (テホコ) class. Under the new unified classification system introduced in 1938, the class was returned to its earlier Tehosa classification.

Owner	Class & numbers (1912–1920)	Class & numbers (1920–1933)	Class & numbers (1933–1938)	Class & numbers (1938–1945)	Notes
Mantetsu	F2 700–F2 704	テホサ700–テホサ704	-	-
Manchukuo National	-	-	テホコ5700–テホコ5704	テホサ501–テホサ505	Transferred from Mantetsu in 1933

Postwar

At the end of the Second Sino-Japanese War, three were assigned to the Fengtian Railway Bureau and two to the Qiqihar bureau. They were taken over by the Republic of China Railway in 1945, but their subsequent fate is unknown.

References

Template:Mantetsu rolling stock Template:MNR rolling stock Template:Locomotives of China

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Short description|Manchurian steam locomotive}}
+{{Unreferenced|date=February 2025}}
 {{Infobox locomotive
 | name             = MNR Tehosa class (テホサ)
@@ Line 77: / Line 78: @@
 }}
-The '''Tehosa''' (テホサ) class locomotives were a series of [[4-6-0]] passenger [[steam locomotive]]s operated primarily by the [[Manchukuo National Railway]] (MNR) and the [[South Manchuria Railway]] (''Mantetsu'').<ref name="Mainichi">{{cite book |last=Ichihara |first=Yoshizumi |title=South Manchuria Railway Locomotives |publisher=Mainichi Shimbun |year=1972 |language=Japanese |location=Tokyo}}</ref> The designation "Teho" derived from the [[Whyte notation|American classification system]] term "Ten-Wheeler" (4-6-0), while "sa" denoted the third class of Ten-Wheeler locomotives registered under Mantetsu's naming convention.<ref name="Mainichi" />
+The '''Manchukuo National Railway Tehosa''' class [[steam locomotive]]s were a class of [[4-6-0]] passenger steam locomotives operated by the [[Manchukuo National Railway]]. Originally built for the [[South Manchuria Railway]] (''Mantetsu''), they later transferred to the MNR. The "Teho" name came from the [[Whyte notation|American naming system]] for steam locomotives, under which locomotives with 4-6-0 wheel arrangement were called "Ten-Wheeler".
-== History ==
+==History==
-Together with the [[China Railways KD3|Sorisa class]], these five passenger locomotives built by [[Beyer, Peacock & Company]] in 1912 were the first locomotives ordered from Great Britain by [[South Manchuria Railway|Mantetsu]]. Designated initially as class F2, they were reclassified as the Tehosa class in 1920, and between then and 1926 all five units were rebuilt with [[superheater]]s. They were deployed primarily on ordinary passenger services along both the Mantetsu main line and the [[Shendan Railway|Anfeng Line]].
+Together with the [[China Railways KD3|Sorisa class]], these five passenger locomotives built by [[Beyer, Peacock & Company]] in 1912 were the first locomotives Mantetsu ordered from England. Designated class F2, in 1920 they were reclassified Tehosa (テホサ) class, and between then and 1926 they were rebuilt with [[superheater]]s. They were used on ordinary passenger trains on both the main line and the [[Shendan Railway|Anfeng Line]]. In 1927 four of the five were loaned to the [[Sitao Railway]], but after the [[Mukden Incident]] in 1931, all five were leased to the [[Fengshan Railway]]. After the nationalisation of the Fengshan Railway and other privately held railway companies to create the [[Manchukuo National Railway]] in 1933, they were taken over by the Manchukuo National, where they were designated Tehoko (テホコ) class. Under the new [[Rolling stock of the South Manchuria Railway#Classification systems|unified classification system]] introduced in 1938, the class was returned to its earlier Tehosa classification.
-In 1927, four of the five locomotives were loaned to the [[Sitao Railway]]. Following the [[Mukden Incident]] in 1931, all five units were leased to the [[Fengshan Railway]]. Upon the nationalisation of the Fengshan Railway and other private regional lines to create the [[Manchukuo National Railway]] (MNR) in 1933, the locomotives were formally absorbed into the MNR fleet and reclassified as the Tehoko class. Under the [[Rolling stock of the South Manchuria Railway#Classification systems|unified classification system]] introduced across Manchurian railways in 1938, the locomotives were restored to their earlier Tehosa classification.
-=== Class reclassification ===
 {| class="wikitable"
 |-
-! Operator !! Class & numbers<br />(1912–1920) !! Class & numbers<br />(1920–1933) !! Class & numbers<br />(1933–1938) !! Class & numbers<br />(1938–1945) !! Notes
+! Owner !! Class & numbers<br/>(1912–1920) !! Class & numbers<br/>(1920–1933) !! Class & numbers<br/>(1933–1938) !! Class & numbers<br/>(1938–1945) !! Notes
 |-
-| [[South Manchuria Railway|Mantetsu]] || F2 700–F2 704 || テホサ700–テホサ704 || — || — || Rebuilt with superheaters (1920–1926).
+| Mantetsu || F2 700–F2 704 || テホサ700–テホサ704 || - || - ||
 |-
-| [[Manchukuo National Railway]] || — || — || テホコ5700–テホコ5704 || テホサ501–テホサ505 || Transferred following nationalisation in 1933.
+| Manchukuo National || - || - || テホコ5700–テホコ5704 || テホサ501–テホサ505 || Transferred from Mantetsu in 1933
 |}
-=== South Manchuria Railway ===
+==Postwar==
-Designed to serve medium-distance passenger routes, the first locomotives of the Tehosa class were built in 1912.<ref name="Mainichi" /> Initial units were constructed in the United States by the [[American Locomotive Company|ALCO]] before production shifted locally to Mantetsu's own Shahekou Works in [[Dalian]], as well as Japanese builders such as [[Kawasaki Heavy Industries|Kawasaki]] and [[Kisha Seizo]].<ref name="Mainichi" /><ref name="RailwayTech">{{cite book |title=History of Railway Development in Manchuria |publisher=South Manchuria Railway Company |year=1935 |language=Japanese |location=Dalian}}</ref>
+At the end of the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]], three were assigned to the Fengtian Railway Bureau and two to the [[Qiqihar]] bureau. They were taken over by the Republic of China Railway in 1945, but their subsequent fate is unknown.
-Between 1912 and 1927, a total of 62 locomotives were built in multiple batches.<ref name="Mainichi" /> They were primarily assigned to local express and branch line passenger duties across the Mantetsu network in Northeast China.<ref name="RailwayTech" />
+==References==
+{{reflist}}
-=== Transfer to Manchukuo National Railway ===
-Following the establishment of [[Manchukuo]] in 1932, the state-owned [[Manchukuo National Railway]] (MNR) was created, with its operations managed directly by Mantetsu.<ref name="RailwayTech" /> To meet the growing demand for rolling stock on newly constructed lines and secondary branches, a significant portion of the Tehosa fleet was transferred from Mantetsu to the MNR.<ref name="RailwayTech" />
-Under the 1938 uniform classification system introduced across all railways in Japanese-controlled Northeast Asia, the class was formally designated as the "Tehosa" class, with locomotives numbered Tehosa 1 through Tehosa 62.<ref name="Mainichi" />
-=== Post-World War II ===
-At the conclusion of [[World War II]] in 1945, all surviving locomotives were taken over by the Republic of China's Ministry of Railways, and subsequently transferred to the [[China Railway|Chinese National Railways]] following the establishment of the [[People's Republic of China]] in 1949.<ref name="ChinaLoco">{{cite book |last=Cai |first=Weiming |title=The History of Chinese Steam Locomotives |publisher=China Railway Publishing House |year=1998 |isbn=978-7113031008 |language=Chinese |location=Beijing}}</ref> Under China Railway ownership, they were designated as the "TH3" class.<ref name="ChinaLoco" /> Most units remained in secondary industrial and switching service into the late 1950s before being withdrawn and scrapped.<ref name="ChinaLoco" />
-== See also ==
+{{Mantetsu rolling stock}}
-* [[South Manchuria Railway]]
+{{MNR rolling stock}}
-* [[Manchukuo National Railway]]
+{{Locomotives of China}}
-* [[Classes of South Manchuria Railway locomotives]]
-== References ==
-{{reflist}}
-{{DEFAULTSORT:Tehosa Class Locomotives, Manchukuo National Railway}}
 [[Category:4-6-0 locomotives]]
-[[Category:Steam locomotives of Japan]]
+[[Category:Beyer, Peacock locomotives]]
+[[Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1912]]
 [[Category:Steam locomotives of China]]
-[[Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1912]]
+[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of China]]
+[[Category:Rolling stock of Manchukuo]]

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Revision as of 21:21, 1 September 2026

History

Postwar

References