Archive:Wasta: Difference between revisions
just judging by the contents of this article, it seems to be written from an unduly Western perspective, saying that while wasta is accepted in the Middle East, it is corrupt |
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'''Wasta''' or '''wāsita''' ({{ | '''Wasta''' or '''wāsita''' ({{Langx|ar|واسِطة|translit=wāsiṭah}}) is an [[Arabic language|Arabic]] word that loosely translates into [[nepotism]] or '[[Power (social and political)|clout]]'. It refers to using one's connections and/or influence to get one's way, usually in governmental matters such as preferential treatment in expedited document-issuing, [[Travel visa|visa]] approval, waiving of [[fine (penalty)|fines]] or [[misdemeanor]] charges and similar corrupt practices. The term is also extended to [[cronyism]] and [[nepotism]] in allotment of [[public sector]] jobs. | ||
In other words, wasta constitutes a form of [[In-group favoritism|favoritism]], or what is informally spoken of in English as "pull" from connections (the opposite of "push"). The English word [[cronyism]] overlaps in meaning but is not precisely the same. Roughly equivalent words in other languages include [[sociolismo]] in Cuba; [[Blat (Russia)|blat]] in Russia; [[guanxi]] in Chinese and ''Vetternwirtschaft'' in German, ''protektzia'' in Israeli slang, {{lang|es|un pituto}} in Chilean Spanish. In Brazilian-Portuguese it is referred to as "pistolão", "QI" (''Quem Indica'', or Who Indicates), or in the slang "peixada", "Pidi Padu" in [[Malayalam]] language spoken region of India, "arka" or "destek" or "torpil" in Turkish, "plecy" in Polish, "štela" in Bosnian,"veza" in Serbian "Piston" in French. | In other words, wasta constitutes a form of [[In-group favoritism|favoritism]], or what is informally spoken of in English as "pull" from connections (the opposite of "push"). The English word [[cronyism]] overlaps in meaning but is not precisely the same. Roughly equivalent words in other languages include [[sociolismo]] in Cuba; [[Blat (Russia)|blat]] in Russia; [[guanxi]] in Chinese and ''Vetternwirtschaft'' in German, ''protektzia'' in Israeli slang, {{lang|es|un pituto}} in Chilean Spanish. In Brazilian-Portuguese it is referred to as "pistolão", "QI" (''Quem Indica'', or Who Indicates), or in the slang "peixada", "Pidi Padu" in [[Malayalam]] language spoken region of India, "arka" or "destek" or "torpil" in Turkish, "plecy" in Polish, "štela" in Bosnian,"veza" in Serbian "Piston" in French. | ||
==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
Wasta is derived from the Modern Standard [[Arabic]] word ({{ | Wasta is derived from the Modern Standard [[Arabic]] word ({{Langx|ar|واسِطَة|translit=wāsiṭah}}) which can mean ''medium, means'' but also ''personal connection used to gain something''.<ref>[[Hans Wehr]] (1979), ''[[Arabic-English Dictionary]]''.</ref> | ||
Furthermore, companies in the [[Middle East]] rarely have a 'no-[[nepotism]]' policy in place, so one can often find a workforce made up of friends and relatives who may or may not be qualified. This takes place in both the public and private sectors. | Furthermore, companies in the [[Middle East]] rarely have a 'no-[[nepotism]]' policy in place, so one can often find a workforce made up of friends and relatives who may or may not be qualified. This takes place in both the public and private sectors. | ||
Revision as of 23:58, 2 November 2024
Template:Short description Template:For Template:Multiple issues
Wasta or wāsita (Template:Langx) is an Arabic word that loosely translates into nepotism or 'clout'. It refers to using one's connections and/or influence to get one's way, usually in governmental matters such as preferential treatment in expedited document-issuing, visa approval, waiving of fines or misdemeanor charges and similar corrupt practices. The term is also extended to cronyism and nepotism in allotment of public sector jobs.
In other words, wasta constitutes a form of favoritism, or what is informally spoken of in English as "pull" from connections (the opposite of "push"). The English word cronyism overlaps in meaning but is not precisely the same. Roughly equivalent words in other languages include sociolismo in Cuba; blat in Russia; guanxi in Chinese and Vetternwirtschaft in German, protektzia in Israeli slang, un pituto in Chilean Spanish. In Brazilian-Portuguese it is referred to as "pistolão", "QI" (Quem Indica, or Who Indicates), or in the slang "peixada", "Pidi Padu" in Malayalam language spoken region of India, "arka" or "destek" or "torpil" in Turkish, "plecy" in Polish, "štela" in Bosnian,"veza" in Serbian "Piston" in French.
Etymology
Wasta is derived from the Modern Standard Arabic word (Template:Langx) which can mean medium, means but also personal connection used to gain something.[1]
Furthermore, companies in the Middle East rarely have a 'no-nepotism' policy in place, so one can often find a workforce made up of friends and relatives who may or may not be qualified. This takes place in both the public and private sectors.
In many Middle Eastern countries, such as Iran, Oman, Iraq, Lebanon, Kuwait, UAE, Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and Jordan wasta affects hiring and promotion decisions. This is not restricted to nationals but is also practised by expatriates who use their connections as wastas.
With respect to recruitment, there seems to be a movement away from this wasta, especially in the case of multinationals and professional firms. However, wasta is still widely used in the region.
Notes
- ↑ Hans Wehr (1979), Arabic-English Dictionary.
Bibliography
- Regulation, Trust, and Cronyism in Middle Eastern Societies: The Simple Economics of 'Wasta'. (2011) Andy H. Barnett, Bruce Yandle, George Naufal, School of Business and Management-American University of Sharjah, Department of Economics- Clemson University, School of Business and Management- American University of Sharjah.
- Hutchings, K. & Weir, D. (2006). "Guanxi and Wasta: A comparison". Thunderbird International Business Review, 48(1), 141-156
- Izraeli, D. (1997). "Business Ethics in the Middle East". Journal of Business Ethics, 16(14), 1555–1560, Template:Doi
- Kocherlakota, N. R. (1996). Money is Memory. Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, Research Department Staff Report 218, 1-37