Ekman transport: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Ekman layer.jpg|thumb|350px|Ekman Transport is the net motion of fluid as the result of a balance between Coriolis and turbulent drag forces. In the picture above, the wind blowing North creates a surface stress and a resulting [[Ekman spiral]] is found below it in the column of water.]] | [[Image:Ekman layer.jpg|thumb|350px|Ekman Transport is the net motion of fluid as the result of a balance between Coriolis and turbulent drag forces. In the picture above, the wind blowing North creates a surface stress and a resulting [[Ekman spiral]] is found below it in the column of water.]] | ||
'''Ekman transport''', named for [[Vagn Walfrid Ekman]], is the natural process by which wind causes movement of water near the ocean surface. Each layer of water in the ocean drags with it the layer beneath. Thus the movement of each layer of water is affected by the movement of the layer above (or below in the case of a frictional bottom boundary layer). If the friction between layers is uniform with depth the motion of the water is described by the [[Ekman spiral]].<ref>{{cite book | '''Ekman transport''', named for [[Vagn Walfrid Ekman]], is the natural process by which wind causes movement of water near the ocean surface. Each layer of water in the ocean drags with it the layer beneath. Thus the movement of each layer of water is affected by the movement of the layer above (or below in the case of a frictional bottom boundary layer). If the friction between layers is uniform with depth the motion of the water is described by the [[Ekman spiral]].<ref>{{cite book | ||
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</ref> In Ekman transport the force of the wind is balanced by the [[Coriolis effect]] which acts perpendicular to the motion of the water. The ocean's surface current is to be the right of direction of surface wind in the [[Northern Hemisphere]], and to the left in the [[Southern Hemisphere]]. The net movement of ocean water due to the wind is perpendicular to the wind (again to the right of the wind in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere). | </ref> In Ekman transport the force of the wind is balanced by the [[Coriolis effect]] which acts perpendicular to the motion of the water. The ocean's surface current is to be the right of direction of surface wind in the [[Northern Hemisphere]], and to the left in the [[Southern Hemisphere]]. The net movement of ocean water due to the wind is perpendicular to the wind (again to the right of the wind in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere). | ||
==Examples== | ==Examples== | ||
If the transport of water is away from a coast, it creates an [[upwelling]] of deep, nutrient-rich sea water. This has the effect of creating good fishing regions along coasts where this phenomenon occurs. | If the transport of water is away from a coast, it creates an [[upwelling]] of deep, nutrient-rich sea water. This has the effect of creating good fishing regions along coasts where this phenomenon occurs. | ||
== | |||
==See also== | |||
[[Ekman Layer]] | [[Ekman Layer]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | |||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
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* [http://soconnell.web.wesleyan.edu/ees106/lecture_notes/lecture13_106ocean_cir1/sld010.htm A figure explaining Ekman transport] | * [http://soconnell.web.wesleyan.edu/ees106/lecture_notes/lecture13_106ocean_cir1/sld010.htm A figure explaining Ekman transport] | ||
[[Category:Aquatic ecology]] | [[Category:Aquatic ecology]] | ||
[[Category:Oceanography]] | [[Category:Oceanography]] | ||
[[Category:Fluid dynamics]] | [[Category:Fluid dynamics]] | ||
Revision as of 05:08, 14 March 2009
Ekman transport, named for Vagn Walfrid Ekman, is the natural process by which wind causes movement of water near the ocean surface. Each layer of water in the ocean drags with it the layer beneath. Thus the movement of each layer of water is affected by the movement of the layer above (or below in the case of a frictional bottom boundary layer). If the friction between layers is uniform with depth the motion of the water is described by the Ekman spiral.[1] In Ekman transport the force of the wind is balanced by the Coriolis effect which acts perpendicular to the motion of the water. The ocean's surface current is to be the right of direction of surface wind in the Northern Hemisphere, and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere. The net movement of ocean water due to the wind is perpendicular to the wind (again to the right of the wind in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere).
Examples
If the transport of water is away from a coast, it creates an upwelling of deep, nutrient-rich sea water. This has the effect of creating good fishing regions along coasts where this phenomenon occurs.
See also
References
- ↑ Stewart, Robert H. Stewart (September 2008 Edition). Introduction To Physical Oceanography. http://oceanworld.tamu.edu/resources/ocng_textbook/PDF_files/book.pdf.