Archive:Anti-Slavic sentiment: Difference between revisions

m (reverting edits in US section) - there is no need to clarify that slavs were not (originally) deemed fully white or american by wider american society as this is in the context of history. there was no explicit social mass extension of whiteness to include Slavs absolving whatever contentions may have been before (cultural asiatic-ness, for instance). Furthermore, whiteness, as distinct from passing, has been always not a HIGHLY social construct but rooted in full Western stock. see xenophobia
m “Of Caucasian culture” - what does that even mean? christian? so would most people Georgians then. not meaningful addition
Line 73: Line 73:


=== United States ===
=== United States ===
The [[United States|United States of America]] has a long history of Slavophobia. Slavophobia began in earnest during the "second wave" of European immigration in the early 1900s, when many people from Southern and Eastern Europe were immigrating to the US.<ref name=":2" /> They faced opposition from the "old" immigrants, who were mostly from Northern and Western Europe. These attitudes culminated in the [[Immigration Act of 1924]], which established quotas for and limited the numbers of people from Southern and Eastern European countries who were allowed to enter the US.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Magazine |first1=Smithsonian |last2=Diamond |first2=Anna |title=The 1924 Law That Slammed the Door on Immigrants and the Politicians Who Pushed it Back Open |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/1924-law-slammed-door-immigrants-and-politicians-who-pushed-it-back-open-180974910/ |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Smithsonian Magazine |language=en}}</ref> Slavic peoples were considered to be people of an "inferior race" who were unable to assimilate into American society.<ref name=":2" /> They were originally not considered to be "fully white" (and thus fully American), and Slavic peoples' "whiteness" continues to be a debate to this day, but most people consider them to be of Caucasian culture.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Not Quite White: Arabs, Slavs, and the Contours of Contested Whiteness {{!}} Silk Road Cultural Center |url=https://silkroadculturalcenter.org/digital-media/not-quite-white/ |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=silkroadculturalcenter.org |language=en-US}}</ref>
The [[United States|United States of America]] has a long history of Slavophobia. Slavophobia began in earnest during the "second wave" of European immigration in the early 1900s, when many people from Southern and Eastern Europe were immigrating to the US.<ref name=":2" /> They faced opposition from the "old" immigrants, who were mostly from Northern and Western Europe. These attitudes culminated in the [[Immigration Act of 1924]], which established quotas for and limited the numbers of people from Southern and Eastern European countries who were allowed to enter the US.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Magazine |first1=Smithsonian |last2=Diamond |first2=Anna |title=The 1924 Law That Slammed the Door on Immigrants and the Politicians Who Pushed it Back Open |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/1924-law-slammed-door-immigrants-and-politicians-who-pushed-it-back-open-180974910/ |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Smithsonian Magazine |language=en}}</ref> Slavic peoples were considered to be people of an "inferior race" who were unable to assimilate into American society.<ref name=":2" /> They were popularly not considered to be "fully white" (and thus fully American), and Slavic peoples' "whiteness" continues to be a debate to this day.


Slavophobia in the US ramped up again during the [[Cold War]], when Slavic peoples of all nationalities were considered enemies due to the United States' distrust of the Soviet Union.<ref name=":3">Michail, Eugene. “Western Attitudes to War in the Balkans and the Shifting Meanings of Violence, 1912-91.” ''Journal of Contemporary History'', vol. 47, no. 2, 2012, pp. 219–39. ''JSTOR'', {{JSTOR|23249185}}. Accessed 6 Feb. 2024.</ref> War in the Balkans (which America often had a part in) was considered inevitable due to the Balkan peoples' "propensity for extreme war violence."<ref name=":3" /> The United States government, while claiming to advocate for national determination for small countries, has denied national determination to many of the countries in Eastern Europe and the Balkans.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kuhner |first=Jeffrey T. |title=Acute Slavophobia |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2003/may/31/20030531-092841-6224r/ |access-date= |website=Washington Times}}</ref> As a result, many Slavic people in the US and Western countries felt pressure (and continue to feel pressure) to Anglicize their surnames and downplay their Slavic culture.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Brooks |first=Hannah |date=2022-05-02 |title=Opinion {{!}} My child's grandparents didn't want her to have their Russian surname. Now I get why. |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/putin-ukraine-russia-war-russian-immigrants-paying-price-rcna26971 |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> For example, as shown in the film ''[[The Founder]]'', Czech-American [[Ray Kroc]] stubbornly insisted on seizing control of the [[McDonald's]] brand from the [[Richard and Maurice McDonald|McDonald brothers]], when he could have easily stolen their system and built his own company.  He recognized that the real value of the company was in its name; people were less likely to eat at a restaurant called "Kroc's".<ref name="Halberstam_Page_163">{{cite book |last1=Halberstam |first1=David |author1-link=David Halberstam |title=The Fifties |date=1993 |publisher=Random House |location=New York |isbn=9780449909331 |page=163 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0oTOw0Q8NWkC&pg=PA163}}</ref>
Slavophobia in the US ramped up again during the [[Cold War]], when Slavic peoples of all nationalities were considered enemies due to the United States' distrust of the Soviet Union.<ref name=":3">Michail, Eugene. “Western Attitudes to War in the Balkans and the Shifting Meanings of Violence, 1912-91.” ''Journal of Contemporary History'', vol. 47, no. 2, 2012, pp. 219–39. ''JSTOR'', {{JSTOR|23249185}}. Accessed 6 Feb. 2024.</ref> War in the Balkans (which America often had a part in) was considered inevitable due to the Balkan peoples' "propensity for extreme war violence."<ref name=":3" /> The United States government, while claiming to advocate for national determination for small countries, has denied national determination to many of the countries in Eastern Europe and the Balkans.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kuhner |first=Jeffrey T. |title=Acute Slavophobia |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2003/may/31/20030531-092841-6224r/ |access-date= |website=Washington Times}}</ref> As a result, many Slavic people in the US and Western countries felt pressure (and continue to feel pressure) to Anglicize their surnames and downplay their Slavic culture.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Brooks |first=Hannah |date=2022-05-02 |title=Opinion {{!}} My child's grandparents didn't want her to have their Russian surname. Now I get why. |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/putin-ukraine-russia-war-russian-immigrants-paying-price-rcna26971 |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> For example, as shown in the film ''[[The Founder]]'', Czech-American [[Ray Kroc]] stubbornly insisted on seizing control of the [[McDonald's]] brand from the [[Richard and Maurice McDonald|McDonald brothers]], when he could have easily stolen their system and built his own company.  He recognized that the real value of the company was in its name; people were less likely to eat at a restaurant called "Kroc's".<ref name="Halberstam_Page_163">{{cite book |last1=Halberstam |first1=David |author1-link=David Halberstam |title=The Fifties |date=1993 |publisher=Random House |location=New York |isbn=9780449909331 |page=163 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0oTOw0Q8NWkC&pg=PA163}}</ref>