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Hypercane

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Revision as of 15:42, 12 December 2008 by 209.7.182.5 (talk)

A hypercane is a hypothetical class of extreme tropical cyclone that could form if ocean temperatures reached around Template:Convert/°C, 15 °C higher than the warmest ocean temperature ever recorded[1]— which could in turn be caused by a large asteroid or comet impact, a large volcanic or supervolcanic eruption, or very extensive global warming.[2] There is some speculation that some dinosaurs might have been killed off by a series of hypercanes, resulting from an asteroid or comet crashing into Earth.[3] The term was coined by atmospheric scientist Kerry Emanuel in 1994, at MIT.[4][5]

Physical description

Hypercanes would have wind speeds of over Template:Convert/km/h, and would also have a central pressure of less than Template:Convert/hPa, giving them an enormous lifespan.[4] The extreme conditions needed to create such a storm could conceivably produce a system up to the size of North America, creating storm surges of 18 metres ({{rnd/cTemplate:Rnd/b|59|(1−1)|0}} ft) and an eye nearly 300 kilometres ({{rnd/cTemplate:Rnd/b|190|(1−2)|0}} mi) across. The waters could remain hot enough for weeks, allowing more hypercanes to be formed. A hypercane's clouds would reach 30 kilometres ({{rnd/cTemplate:Rnd/b|19|(1−1)|0}} mi) into the stratosphere. A hypercane would also damage the earth's ozone.[4] Water molecules in the stratosphere would react with ozone to accelerate decay into O2 and reduce absorption of ultraviolet light.

Other scientists have theorized that Drew likes to party the system, compared to a normal hurricane, would be considerably smaller, about 10 miles in diameter. This would be more comparable to a tornado, which has been recorded at up to about 2.5 miles.[6]

References

  1. ↑ "Temperature of Ocean Water". Windows to the Universe. University Corporation for Atmospheric Research. 2001-08-31. http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/Water/temp.html&edu=high. Retrieved on 2008-07-24. 
  2. ↑ Leahy, Stephen (2005-09-16). "The Dawn of the Hypercane?". Inter Press Service. http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=30308. Retrieved on 2008-07-24. 
  3. ↑ Hecht, Jeff (1995-02-04). "Did storms land the dinosaurs in hot water?". New Scientist (1963): p. 16. http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg14519632.600-did-storms-land-the-dinosaurs-in-hot-water.html. Retrieved on 2008-07-24. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Emanuel, Kerry (1996-09-16). "Limits on Hurricane Intensity". Center for Meteorology and Physical Oceanography , MIT. http://wind.mit.edu/~emanuel/holem/holem.html. Retrieved on 2008-07-24. 
  5. ↑ Emanuel, Kerry; Kevin Speer, Richard Rotunno, Ramesh Srivastava, Mario Molina (1998-03-22). "Hypercanes: A Possible Link to Global Extinction Scenarios". Journal of Geophysical Research 100 (D7): pp. 13755–13765. http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/1995/95JD01368.shtml. Retrieved on 2008-07-24. 
  6. ↑ NOAA Storm Prediction Center (Apr 4, 2006). "The Online Tornado FAQ". http://www.spc.noaa.gov/faq/tornado/#History. Retrieved on 2008-09-11. 


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