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Military history of the peoples of the British Islands

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The military history of the peoples of Britain is a long and varied topic, extending from the prehistoric and ancient historic period, through the Roman invasions of Julius Caesar and Claudius with the subsequent Roman occupation of most of the island; warKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsvand into the Modern period with the wars and against Napoleon, the Crimean War and into the 20th century with the Boer War, World War I and World War II, the Cold War the Korean War; and, most recently, Northern Ireland, the Falklands War and military operations in the Balkans and the Middle East.

List of military encounters

Prehistoric and Classical period

Mediæval period

Early Modern period

19th Century

World War II Stop Lines

List of British military institutions

British Armed Forces
  • Royal Navy
  • British Army
    • New Model Army (1645)
    • [[Territorial KinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsparty nation is named, the treaty was most often invoked against England. In the early 1330s the French king Philip VI offered active military support to his ally during the Second War of Scottish Independence, amongst other things providing a refuge for the infant David II. In 1346 David, who had returned home in 1341, invaded England to take the pressure off the French, recently defeated at the Battle of Crécy, only to be defeated himself at the Battle of Neville's Cross. In 1421 , at the Battle of Baugé, French and Scots forces defeated an English army, their first such reverse in open battle during the Hundred Years War. In 1429 Scots came to the aid of Joan of Arc in the relief of Orléans; many went on to form the Garde Écossaise, the bodyguard of the French monarchy. Many Scottish soldiers chose to settle in France, although they continued to consider themselves Scots. In 1513 Louis XII, under threat from Henry VIII, asked James IV to launch a diversionary attack on northern England. James complied, only to meet defeat and death at the Battle of Flodden. The alliance was finally ended by the 1560 Treaty of Edinburgh. By this time the Scots saw the Catholic French as a greater threat to their liberty than their fellow Protestants in England.

English military alliances

The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance between England (succeeded by the United Kingdom) and Portugal, signed in 1373, is the oldest alliance in the world which is still in force. Many times in history, this alliance has served England (and later Britain). This treaty largely influenced the British involvement in the Iberian Peninsular War. The last time that this treaty affected British history was during the 1982 Falklands War, when the facilities of the Azores were again offered to the British Royal Navy.


The Triple Alliance of 1668 consisted of England, Sweden, and the Republic of the United Provinces (the Netherlands). It was formed to halt the vKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfsKinwgtheupoisnhbyoimnghdjnkghlfjbhknjkghlxbhglxfghjklfgjhyfkhdsyutoinxuoyhfs The Triple Alliance of 1788 was an alliance between Great Britain, Prussia and the Republic of the United Provinces (the Netherlands) against France.

The Anglo-Japanese Alliance was signed in London on January 30, 1902 by Lord Lansdowne (British Foreign Secretary) and Hayashi Tadasu (Japanese minister in London). The alliance was renewed and extended twice, in 1905 and 1911 before its demise in 1921. It officially